近年奈米金屬氧化物引起很大的關注並且廣泛地應用各領域中，分別在增強拉曼散射( SERS )、催化劑、電池、太陽能轉換器或生物感測器…等，許多關於氧化銅奈米材料的報導，透過不同的合成方式，CuO奈米結構具有不同的形狀與大小，例如：奈米棒、奈米線、奈米管。而CuO是一個p-type的半導體具有窄的能隙( band gap ) 1.2 eV。本次實驗我們利用水熱合成法( hydrothermal method )合成出三種不同的構型( Echinus、Flower &Rod )，並且利用X射線繞射分析儀( XRD )驗證是否有合成出CuO以及使用掃描式電子顯微鏡( SEM )觀測CuO的形貌，又以高分辨穿透式電子顯微鏡( HRTEM )觀察氧化銅的晶格。本篇將氧化銅應於兩個部分。我們藉由固定硝酸銀濃度並調整硝酸銀與氧化銅的反應時間，合成CuO-Ag粒子，作為SERS基材。以4-aminothiophenol( 4-ATP )作為待測分子。相較於單純氧化銅作為基材，CuO-Ag粒子可以有效地增強ATP的訊號，而Echinus的偵測極限可達10-7 M。

In recent years, many researchers have paid attention to metal oxide nanoparticles and widely utilize in various fields, including Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), catalysis, batteries, solar energy conversion and bio-sensors, etc. It is reported that nanoscale copper oxide (CuO) with different shapes and size, such as nanorods, nanowires and nanotudes have been synthesized using numerous methodologies. CuO is a p-type semiconductor with a narrow band gap of 1.2eV. In this experiment, we synthesized three different structures (Echinus、Flower & Rod). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the structure and used scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe CuO morphology. Then, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was surveyed CuO lattice space. We synthesized CuO-Ag particles as SERS substrate by fixing the concentration of silver nitrate and adjusting the reaction time. 4-ATP was selected as the probe molecule to investigate the SERS properties of the obtained substrates. Campared with pure CuO as SERS substrates, CuO-Ag particles can effectively enhance the ATP signal, and Echinus structure’s detection limit of up to 10-7 M.

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 v
表目錄 viii
第壹章、 緒論 1
1-1 金屬氧化物 1
1-2 氧化銅製成方法 4
1-3 研究動機 8
第貳章、 儀器原理 9
2-1 拉曼光譜儀 9
2-1-1 拉曼散射理論 9
2-1-2 拉曼散射 12
2-3 比表面積氣體吸附分析 15
2-3-1 等溫吸附曲線之遲滯現象 18
2-4 穿透式電子顯微鏡 20
2-5 掃描式電子顯微鏡 21
2-6 X光光電子能譜 23
2-8 分析儀器 26
第參章、 奈米銀修飾不同構型氧化銅增強拉曼訊號之研究 28
3-1 前言 28
3-2 文獻回顧 31
3-2-1 表面增強拉曼散射 31
3-2-2 電磁增強機制 ( electromagnetic enhancement effect ) 31
3-2-3 化學增強機制 ( chemical enhancement effect ) 34
3-2-4 熱點 36
3-3 實驗部分 38
3-3-1 實驗藥品 38
3-3-2 實驗步驟 38
3-4 實驗結果 40
3-4-1 氧化銅奈米粒子的特徵分析 40
3-4-2 氧化銅奈米粒子表面修飾上銀的特徵分析 47
3-4-3 Ag-CuO的最佳製備條件 53
3-4-4 最低偵測極限 55
3-5 討論 57
3-6 結論 62
第肆章、 結論 63
第伍章、 參考文獻 64

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