本研究針對南台灣某淨水場，以商用粉狀活性碳（Powder Activated Carbon, PAC）
吸附原水臭味物質二甲基異莰醇（2-Methylisoborneo, 2-MIB）。在某一座淨水場進行
原水前加氯及在不同水質條件下進行PAC 吸附。文中應用三種吸附模式模擬吸附
反應方面，來探討PAC 對原水2-MIB 吸附反應及影響效應。結果顯示採樣時間在
夏季或是溫度較高時，原水中含有較高的2-MIB 濃度。由2-MIB 濃度與溫度之相關
性發現，採樣期間3 天之天氣平均溫度與水中2-MIB 濃度相關性最高；臭度（T.O.N）
隨著水中2-MIB 濃度升高而增加，兩者間呈現正相關性。在25 ℃、轉速固定為150
rpm 下進行動力吸附實驗，約在90 分鐘可達到平衡，當原水添加前加氯情形下，在
第一階段反應時間，因為有機物、粉狀活性碳與氯互相反應，約在120 分鐘以後吸
附反應才趨於穩定，這時2-MIB 吸附量隨著加氯量增加而減少，當時間越長吸附量
也逐漸減少，PAC 對2-MIB 吸附量隨時間之數據利用Modified Freundlich equation、
Pseudo-1st-order equation、Pseudo-2nd-order equation 三種模式進行回歸分析，結果以
Modified Freundlich equation 為最佳經驗方程式來描述PAC 對2-MIB 吸附。PAC 對
2-MIB 之等溫吸附試驗結果發現，在高pH 值、低離子強度及低溫狀態下，有利於
此PAC 吸附2-MIB。熱力學參數ΔGo 為－2.13～－2.38 kcal/mol、△Ho 為－0.40
kcal/mol，△So 為6.24cal/mol，顯示PAC 對原水2-MIB 吸附過程為自發性放熱反應。

This study is focused to investigate the adsorption of 2-MIB in raw water of lake
using powder activated carbon (PAC). We will study the effect on adsorption of
2-Methylisoborneo (2-MIB) by PAC under different pre-chlorination conditions and
varied parameters’ conditions. The kinetic and isothermal adsorption of 2-MIB were
conducted, and the simulation of three models of adsorption for 2-MIB was also
examined in this work. Results showed concentrations of 2-MIB of water samples were
found high at summer and at warming days. The relation of 2-MIB content with weather
temperatures was showed the average of three days of weather’s temperature was high
related with 2-MIB content. In experimental data of primary threshold number, positive
relation between T.O.N. number and concentration of 2-MIB were obtained. In kinetic
adsorption of 2-MIB by PAC in raw lake water, results indicated the equilibrium of
adsorption was about 90 minutes when the reaction of adsorption were fixed at 25℃and
150 rpm. When the adsorptions of 2-MIB by PAC were operated by pre-chloration, the
equilibrium time was delay about 120 mins in first stage of reactions. Then the adsorption
capacity decreased with increasing dosage of chlorine in reactor. More the pre-chloration
time, more the adsorption capacity was found. In the simulations of Modified Freundlich
equation、Pseudo-1st-order equation、Pseudo-2nd-order equation, Modified Freundlich
equation was be selected as the best model of adsorption of 2-MIB by PAC. In isothermal
adsorption of 2-MIB by PAC, it is effective adsorption of 2-MIB under high pH, low
ionic strength, and low temperature. The thermodynamic constants of 2-MIB by PAC are
including ΔGo( － 2.13 ～ － 2.38 kcal/mol),△Ho( － 0.40 kcal/mol) , and △So
(6.24cal/mol).

論文審定書 .................................................................................................. i
摘 要 ..................................................................................................... ii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... iii
目 錄 .................................................................................................... iv
圖 次 .................................................................................................. viii
表 次 .................................................................................................... xi
第一章 前言 ................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究緣起 .............................................................................................. 1
1.2 研究目的與內容 .................................................................................. 1
第二章 文獻回顧 ........................................................................................ 3
2.1 自來水中臭味問題 ............................................................................... 3
2.1.1 水體中臭味物質種類及來源 ...................................................... 3
2.1.2 常見土霉味之成因 ...................................................................... 6
2.2 自來水中臭味物質控制方法 ............................................................... 9
2.2.1 水源控制 ...................................................................................... 9
2.2.2 傳統處理程序 .............................................................................. 9
2.2.3 氧化法 ........................................................................................ 11
2.2.4 生物處理法 ................................................................................ 15
2.2.5 薄膜處理法 ................................................................................ 15
2.2.6 活性碳處理法 ............................................................................ 15
2.3 粉狀活性碳吸附原水中臭味物質 ..................................................... 16
2.3.1 吸附原理 .................................................................................... 16
2.3.2 影響吸附能力因素 .................................................................... 20
2.4 氯對活性碳吸附效果之影響 ............................................................. 28
2.4.1 餘氯與活性碳反應 .................................................................... 28
2.4.2 餘氯對活性碳吸附有機物之影響 ............................................ 31
2.4.3 餘氯對活性碳吸附臭味物質之影響 ........................................ 32
2.5 吸附模式 ............................................................................................ 33
2.5.1 動力吸附模式 ............................................................................ 33
2.5.2 平衡吸附模式 ............................................................................ 35
2.6 熱力學模式 ........................................................................................ 38
第三章 實驗材料與方法 .......................................................................... 39
3.1 實驗流程 ............................................................................................. 39
3.2 實驗材料與設備 ................................................................................. 41
3.2.1 實驗材料 .................................................................................... 41
3.2.2 實驗設備 .................................................................................... 42
3.3 實驗藥品 ............................................................................................. 43
3.4 分析方法 ............................................................................................. 43
3.4.1 水質分析方法 ............................................................................. 45
3.4.2 臭味物質析方法及檢量線配製 ................................................. 47
3.5 吸附實驗步驟 ..................................................................................... 50
3.5.1 實驗裝置 .................................................................................... 50
3.5.2 實驗水樣 .................................................................................... 50
3.5.3 臭味物質動力吸附實驗 ............................................................. 51
3.5.4 平衡吸附實驗：不同 PH 值 ...................................................... 52
3.5.5 平衡吸附實驗：不同溫度 ......................................................... 52
3.5.6 平衡吸附實驗：不同離子強度 ................................................. 53
3.6 吸附模式模擬步驟.............................................................................. 53
3.7 熱力學參數計算步驟 .......................................................................... 53
第四章 結果與討論 .................................................................................. 54
4.1 原水水質參數分析結果 ...................................................................... 54
4.2 原水 2-MIB 濃度與天氣溫度相關性 ................................................. 55
4.3 原水 2-MIB 濃度與臭度相關性 ......................................................... 56
4.4 2-MIB 之動力吸附實驗 .............................................................. 57
4.4.1 活性碳直接吸附原水中 2-MIB ................................................. 57
4.4.2 加氯原水對活性碳吸附 2-MIB 之影響 .................................... 62
4.4.3 與氯預先作用去氯後原水對活性碳吸附 2-MIB 之影響 ........ 68
4.5 2-MIB 之平衡吸附實驗 .............................................................. 71
4.5.1 不同 PH 值之影響 ...................................................................... 71
4.5.2 不同溫度之影響 ......................................................................... 72
4.5.3 不同離子強度之影響 ................................................................. 73
4.6 吸附熱力學之計算.............................................................................. 74
第五章 結論與建議 .................................................................................. 76
5.1 結論 ..................................................................................................... 76
5.2 建議 ..................................................................................................... 77
參考文獻 ................................................................................................... 78

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