本論文針對分波多工長距離幹線與環形網路，設計幾項重要元件與系統在分波多工網路中的應用，如光纖光柵分波多工塞取/交接系統、多模光纖區域網路及雙向次載波類比視訊傳輸系統，寬頻光放大器在都會區域網路之應用。光纖光柵分波多工塞取/交接系統方面，已有許多相關性的技術研究，首先利用多個埠的光旋轉器與光纖光柵來作為降低串音並簡化光纖光柵的架構；除此之外，也提出利用馬克-詹德式光纖布拉格光纖光柵元件，配合光開關串接建構成一大型的多波長且不需要外加多工或解多工器的光纖光柵波長塞取/交接多工器，來完成固定型和可動態選擇型波長塞取/交接多工的機制。
在多模光纖區域網路及雙向次載波類比視訊傳輸系統部分，我們提出在多模光纖區域網路上進行同時傳輸1.55 mm調幅視訊信號與傳輸速率為155 Mb/s的1.3 mm數據信號，研究結果證實可利用以佈放的區域網路作為視訊廣播與資料傳輸的展示。另外，利用光旋轉器和光濾波器、多工/解多工器來達成雙向無中繼/中繼放大的系統實驗，並且也探討如何延伸傳輸的距離與消除散射干擾，因此對類比調幅視訊在環形區域網路與點對點雙向的都會區域網路之傳輸可能性作展示。
寬頻光放大器在都會區域網路之應用方面，我們探討不同雙向泵激架構混合調幅視訊/數位系統傳輸之研究的摻鉺光纖放大器，以及展示結合拉曼放大與半導體光放大器的寬頻光放大器，來同時作為多個10 Gb/s傳輸系統的色散和傳輸損失補償，研究結果有益於分波多工長距離幹線與環形網路的規劃和設計。

In this dissertation, we investigate the designs and applications of fiber Bragg grating-based optical add-drop/cross-connect multiplexing systems for WDM long-distance trunk and ring networks, multiple AM-VSB signals transmission systems, and wideband optical amplifiers in metropolitan area network. In fiber Bragg grating-based optical add-drop/cross-connect multiplexing systems, the utilization of multi-port circulator and fiber Bragg gratings can hugely reduce the crosstalk and compact the configurations. Furthermore, we propose the utilization of Mach-Zehnder fiber Bragg grating-based devices with the associated mechanical Optical switches to construct large-dimension fixed and reconfigurable optical add-drop/cross-connect multiplexing system without the needs of additional WDM multiplexers and demultiplexers.
In multiple AM-VSB signals transmission systems, we demonstrate the transmission of AM-VSB CATV video signal at 1.55-mm and 155-Mb/s data signal at 1.3-mm over a multi-mode fiber local area network (MMF-LAN) link. On the other hand, we not only demonstrate the possibility of optical circulator with optical bandpass filter, and MUX/DEMUX configurations, but also discuss the transmission distance of extension and the elimination of crosstalk for bi-directional transmission systems of multiple AM-VSB CATV signals. The system demonstration confirms the feasibility of multiple AM-VSB signals over the existing MMF-LAN and bi-directional transmission systems.
For the application of wideband optical amplifiers in metropolitan area network, we also present erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) for hybrid WDM systems, and the dispersion-compensated gain-clamped 90 nm wideband optical amplifier in 10 Gb/s DWDM transmission systems. These designs, demonstrations, and results will be useful for WDM long-distance trunk and ring networks applications.

List of Contents
Page
Acknowledgments i
Chinese Abstract ii
English Abstract iii
List of Contents v
List of Tables ix
List of Figures x
List of Acronyms xv

Chapter 1 General Introduction 1

1.1 Brief Introduction of WDM Architectures 1

1.2 Review of Fiber Bragg Gratings 2

1.3 Properties of Wideband Optical Amplifier 4

1.4 The Dissertation Organization 7

Chapter 2 Overview and Motivation 9

2.1 Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Multiplexing Systems 9

2.1.1 Low-Crosstalk and Compact Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer Based on A
Multi-Port Circulator and Fiber Bragg Gratings 10
2.1.2 Mach-Zehnder Fiber Bragg Grating-based Fixed and Reconfigurable Optical
Add-Drop Multiplexers 10
2.1.3 Mach-Zehnder Fiber Bragg Grating-based Dynamic Optical
Cross-Connect 12

2.2 Multiple AM-VSB Signals Transmission Systems 12

2.2.1 Simultaneous Video and Data Signals Transmission System over
Multi-Mode Fiber Local Area Network 13
2.2.2 Repeaterless Bi-directional Transmission of Multiple AM-VSB CATV
Signals 13
2.2.3 Bi-directional AM-VSB 100 km Transmission Systems 14
2.3 Wideband Optical Amplifier for Metropolitan Area Network 15

2.3.1 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier for Hybrid WDM Systems 15
2.3.2 Dispersion-Compensated Gain-Clamped 90 nm Wideband
Optical Amplifier 16

Chapter 3 Fiber Bragg Grating-based Optical Add-Drop Multiplexing and Cross-Connect
Systems 17

3.1 Low-Crosstalk and Compact Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer Using a Multi-port
Circulator and Fiber Bragg Gratings 17

3.1.1 Optical Add-Drop Multiplexing Configurations and Experimental Setup 17
3.1.2 Experimental Results and Discussions 19
3.1.3 Summary 20

3.2 Mach-Zehnder Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Fixed and Reconfigurable Multi-
Channel Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers for DWDM Networks 20

3.2.1 Basic MZ-FBG Add-Drop Devices 21
3.2.2 Fixed MZ-OADM Architecture 23
3.2.3 Reconfigurable MZ-OADM Architectures 24
3.2.4 Characteristic Comparison and Dimension Limits 26
3.2.5 Discussions and Summary 35

3.3 Mach-Zehnder Fiber Bragg Grating-based Dynamic Optical Cross-Connect
System 37

3.3.1 Optical Cross-Connect Architecture 38
3.3.2 Experimental Setup and Results 38
3.3.3 Discussions and Summary 39

Chapter 4 Multiple AM-VSB Signals Transmission Systems 41

4.1 Simultaneous Transmission of 1.55-mm Video and 1.3-mm Data Signals Transmission System over a Multi-Mode Fiber Local Area Network 41

4.1.1 Network Configuration and Design 41
4.1.2 Experiment and Demonstration 43
4.1.3 Experimental Results and Discussions 44
4.1.4 Summary 45
4.2 Repeaterless Bi-directional Transmission of Multiple AM-VSB CATV Signals
over Conventional Single-Mode Fiber 45

4.2.1 Experimental Setup 46
4.2.2 Experimental Results and Discussions 47
4.2.3 Summary 48

4.3 Bi-directional Lightwave CATV 100 km SMF and LEAF Transmission
System 49

4.3.1 Experimental Setup 49
4.3.2 Results and Discussions 50
4.3.3 Summary 51

Chapter 5 Wideband Optical Amplifiers for Metropolitan Area Networks 52

5.1 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier for Hybrid Digital/Analog WDM Systems 52

5.1.1 H-WDM EDFA Configurations and Modeling 52
5.1.2 Characteristic Comparison 55
5.1.3 Simulation Discussions 58
5.1.4 Summary 59

5.2 Dispersion-Compensated Gain-Clamped 90 nm Wideband Optical Amplifier for
Metropolitan Area Network 60

5.2.1 Experimental Setup 60
5.2.2 Results and Discussions 61
5.2.3 Summary 62

Chapter 6 Conclusions 63

References 67
Tables 78
Figures 87
Biography 137
Publication List 138
Errata 139

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