摘要

本研究採用Nafion 112為主體的膜極組(MEA)進行單一電池的實驗及分析。藉著改變多種不同設計參數及製作條件，探討其對於質子交換膜燃料電池性能輸出影響。實驗條件包含單一電池的暫態分析、螺栓鎖固反應室所施加扭矩、流道型式、氧化劑側不同型式觸媒及含量、電子收集板材質、進氣壓力、氧化劑種類及質子交換膜含水量等，而實驗結果可供未來組裝電池組的參考。
實驗結果發現，質子交換膜燃料電池在低溫下可快速啟動並迅速達到穩定的輸出電壓，此外反應室施加扭矩有一最佳範圍，扭矩適當可使電極與電子收集板間的接觸電阻達到最小，得到較佳的功率輸出。而在流道設計方面，當流道面積比為58.41%時，流道面積與電子傳導面積間的比例較佳，可得到較高的輸出功率。另外藉改變氧化劑側白金觸媒含量，經實驗證明確實可明顯改善燃料電池的輸出功率。
而當電子收集板材質使用金箔時，其性能輸出較使用石墨為高，但金箔的價格較為昂貴。另外在改變不同氧化劑方面，由實驗證實若使用氧氣所得到之功率明顯較使用空氣為佳。而在質子交換膜含水量方面，將交換膜放入去離子水中加熱可補充交換膜在壓製時所失去的水份，使交換膜保持在濕潤狀態對性能輸出有明顯助益。
關鍵字：質子交換膜、膜極組、流道面積比。

Abstract

The experimental tests and analysis of single fuel cell unit are performance in this research, and the electrolyte in MEA(membrane and electrode assembly) we used Nafion 112.Accroding to change several design factors and operation conditions, we can find out how important the factors affect the PEMFC power output. The experimental conditions in this study are various of type of fasten torque, flow channels, oxidizers, catalyst type and loading in cathode side, materials of electron collector, inlet gas pressure and humidification of membrane. The results can provide us references to assemble a fuel cell stack in future.

PEMFC can start quickly at low temperature and achieves stable output voltage. When the 4 N-m torque is applied to fasten the reaction chamber, the contact resistance between the electrode and electron collector reaches a minimum value. The results show that when the area ratio(Af /At)is 58.41%, we can have better ratio between channel areas and contact area, and the output can be larger. We found that increasing the loading of catalyst in the cathode, the power output rises up clearly, but the loading also has a limitation.

By using gold to be the electron collector, the result shows that it has better performance than using graphite, but the price is also much higher. Our experiments display that use oxygen to be oxidizer can have better performance than use air. When we heated membrane in the water at 80℃, it can resupply the water in the membrane, remain enough humidification of membrane can be clearly helpful to the PEMFC power output, because humidification can keep the proton conductivity of the membrane in good condition. And we also found while the hot press pressure at 160atm, the performance can be better than using other pressure.
Key words : PEMFC、MEA、Flow area ratio

目錄

摘要……………………………………………..………….…..I
英文摘要………………………………………………………II
目錄…………………………………………..……………….III
圖目錄………………………………………..……………….VI
表目錄……………………………..……………………..…...X
符號說明……………………………………………………...XI
第一章 緒論
1.1前言………………………………………………….1
1.2 燃料電池初步介紹…………………………………2
1.3 燃料電池分類………………………………………3
1.4 研究目的……………………………………………4
1.5文獻回顧…………………………………………….7
第二章 質子交換膜燃料電池之優點與結構分析
2.1 質子交換膜燃料電池的優點………………………14
2.2 質子交換膜燃料電池結構分析……………………15
2.2.1 固態高分子薄膜(質子交換膜)……….…….16
2.2.2 催化劑……………………………………….17
2.2.3 電極………………………………………….18
2.2.4 流場板……………………………………….18
2.2.5 電子收集板………………………………….19
2.2.6 墊圈………………………………………….19
第三章 PEM燃料電池的反應機制
3.1 質子交換膜燃料電池的作用原理………….…….21
3.2 質子交換膜燃料電池的反應機制………………..23
第四章 實驗設備與性能量測
4.1 實驗設備………………………………………….30
4.1.1 實驗設備主要硬體…………………………30
4.1.2 量測元件……………………………………31
4.2 性能測試………………………………………….33
4.2.1 膜極組壓製實驗….…...……………………33
4.2.2 氣體流道加工………………………………35
4.2.3 單一電池組裝………………………………35
4.2.4 管件防漏測試………………………………36
4.2.5工作平台及單一電池的啟動步驟.…………36
4.2.6 實驗步驟……………………………………37
第五章 實驗結果與討論
5.1 實驗條件………………………………….………40
5.2 單一電池暫態分析……………………………….42
5.3 螺栓鎖固反應室所施加的扭矩………………….43
5.4 流道設計之影響.…………………………………45
5.5 氧化劑側不同型式觸媒及含量………………….46
5.6 電子收集板的材質……………………………….47
5.7 進氣壓力之影響………………………………….48
5.8 氧化劑種類……………………………………….49
5.9質子交換膜含水量………………………………..50
5.10 不同熱壓壓力之影響…………………………...51

第六章 結論與建議
6.1 結論……………………………………………….56
6.2 未來可進行之工作……………………………….58
參考文獻……………………………………………….…..59

參考文獻
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