黏滯性質是流體中一極重要參數，雖然傳統量測黏滯方法，在其特定之量測範圍內正確無虞，但是耗時短、廣泛應用範圍、非接觸式的量測方法，仍被廣為所期待，這類型的方法因微流體學新技術、領域的發展，有極大之進展。
基於這樣的期待，我們發展出在微觀下，量測黏滯係數的新技術，這個新技術具有簡明、非侵入性、即時性、應用範圍廣泛以及影像掃描能力。這套方法係結合雷射掃描共焦顯微術、鎖相放大技術以及可變速度掃描技巧，使這套系統功能更強大，且可運用於生物醫學的探索。源於共焦架構的調變顯微術，可用以偵測樣品在振盪下的形變，這個形變即是造成訊號延遲的主因，黏滯係數能由相位延遲的大小判定。

Viscosity is an important parameter in fluid dynamics. Although many conventional techniques are useful in determining a limited range of liquid viscosity with high accuracy, non-invasive measurement techniques for a broader range of viscosity are yet to be developed. The subjects on viscosity are advancing rapidly partly due to the development and applications of microfluidic.
In anticipation of such developments, we are proposing a new method of viscosity measurement in the micrometer scale that is simple, non-invasive, real-time, wide dynamics range, and with imaging capability. This method relies on successful integration of laser scanning confocal microscopy, lock-in amplification, and variable galvono-scanning. It also has the potential to be a powerful tool in biology and medicine. The principle of operation is based on modulation microscopy that employs confocal configuration in detecting the deformation and phase delay of the forced oscillating sample.

Acknowledgement.........................................Ⅰ
中文摘要................................................Ⅱ
Abstract................................................Ⅲ
Table of Contents.......................................Ⅳ
List of Figures.........................................Ⅵ
List of Tables..........................................Ⅶ
Table of Parameters.....................................Ⅷ
Chapter 1 Introduction.................................1
1.1 Background...........................................1
1.2 Motivation...........................................1
1.3 Literature Search....................................2
1.4 Organization of this Thesis..........................3
References...............................................4
Chapter 2 Principles of Operation......................6
2.1 Motion of Damped Forced Oscillation..................6
2.2 Frequency-Domain Phase-Modulation....................7
References..............................................10
Chapter 3 Experimental................................11
3.1 Experimental Setup..................................11
3.2 Experimental Components.............................12
3.2.1 Pinhole...........................................12
3.2.2 Lock-in Amplification.............................14
3.2.3 Variable Galvono-Scan.............................16
3.3 Experimental Procedures.............................16
3.3.1 Modulation Microscopy.............................17
3.3.2 Viscosity Measurement of Jelly and Liquid Soap....17
References..............................................20
Chapter 4 Results and Discussions.....................21
4.1 Experimental Results................................21
4.2 Interpreting the Cross Point........................23
4.3 Image Reconstruction................................25
4.4 Discussions and Analysis............................25
4.5 Comparison with Other Experiments...................26
References..............................................28
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Planning..............29
5.1 Conclusion..........................................29
5.2 Future Planning.....................................29
Appendix A..............................................31
Appendix B..............................................32

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