近年來環保意識高漲，使得電力調度模式不再是以經濟為導向，故本論文提出於電力與碳交易市場之情況下，以最大化利潤為目標，並應用粒子群最佳化演算法(Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO)求解二十四小時機組排程問題。本論文假設一發電業者擁有三個獨立區域所組成之互聯電網，進行二十四小時之機組排程調度，並結合最佳化電力潮流之計算，以達到最佳的調度策略。在求解機組排程問題時，除了考慮供需平衡、機組發電量限制、發電機升降載率限制與最小開關機時間限制之外，還包含負載潮流、匯流排電壓限制與傳輸線容量限制。另本論文提出運用靜態同步串聯補償器(Static Synchronous Series Compensator, SSSC)之等效電路模型，推導出以電流注入法(Equivalent Current Injection, ECI)為基礎之靜態同步串聯補償器新模型，並將其整合於以電流注入為基礎之最佳化電力潮流方程式，裝設於各獨立區域之間的互聯線路，以達到控制系統之電力潮流，產生對污染排放量的影響。為了改善粒子群最佳化演算法陷入局部最佳解之問題，本論文提出使用多重選擇粒子群最佳化演算法(Multiple Particle Swarm Optimization, MPSO)，具有跳脫局部最佳解之能力，使其能快速且精確獲得整體最佳解，更不失粒子群最佳化演算法求解速度快之優點。於考量交易市場的情況下，藉由裝設靜態同步串聯補償器的影響，並參考二十四小時電力與碳之價格與需量預測資料，經由買賣電力與碳權額度以及代輸費用計價的交易行為，進而達到獲取最大利潤之目標，作為是否投入交易市場之依據。

In recent year, the awareness of environmental protection has made the power dispatch problem not necessarily economy-oriented. This thesis proposed the application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the Unit Commitment (UC) problem for 24 hours with maximum profit in the power and carbon market. Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is used to solve the UC problem for the interconnected power network that is comprised of three independent areas to optimize the dispatching strategy. The UC problem must satisfy the constraints of the load demand, generating limits, minimum up/down time, ramp rate limits, and also the limits of power flow, buses voltage and transmission line capacity. The other objective of this thesis is to employ the Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) to integrate with OPF based on Equivalent Current Injection (ECI) power flow model, and install it at interconnected lines between each independent area controlling the power flow to reduce emission. In order to avoid the local optimality problem, this thesis proposed the utilization of the Multiple Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO), which can quickly reach the optimal solution with a better performance and accuracy. The Independent Power Producer (IPP) can get the maximum profit with installed SSSC from the power and carbon trading with the calculation of power wheeling expense and carbon forecasting data. Furthermore, it can also assess the need of participating in the trading market or not.

摘要.......................................................................................................................i
Abstract ...............................................................................................................ii
目錄....................................................................................................................iii
圖次.....................................................................................................................vi
表次.....................................................................................................................ix

第一章 緒論........................................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機...........................................................................................1
1.2 研究方法與目的...........................................................................................3
1.3 論文架構.......................................................................................................4

第二章 負載潮流與靜態同步串聯補償器........................................................6
2.1 前言...............................................................................................................6
2.2 電流注入法負載潮流模型...........................................................................7
2.2.1 具常數亞可比矩陣之負載潮流模型推導........................................7
2.2.2 電壓控制匯流排模型推導..............................................................11
2.3 靜態同步串聯補償器模型.........................................................................15
2.3.1 靜態同步串聯補償器之原理與特性..............................................16
2.3.2 靜態同步串聯補償器之電壓源型轉換器數學模型......................23
2.3.3 結合靜態同步串聯補償器於等效電流注入法之模型推導..........25
2.3.4 靜態同步串聯補償器裝設線路原則..............................................28


第三章 整合靜態同步串聯補償器之碳交易與電力市場..............................30
3.1前言..............................................................................................................30
3.2碳交易與電力市場......................................................................................30
3.2.1 碳交易市場架構..............................................................................30
3.2.2 電力市場架構..................................................................................33
3.2.3 代輸費用之計價..............................................................................37
3.3 問題描述與數學模型.................................................................................41
3.3.1 傳統機組排程問題..........................................................................41
3.3.2 整合靜態同步串聯補償器之機組排程問題..................................48

第四章 多重選擇粒子群最佳化演算法之探討..............................................53
4.1 前言.............................................................................................................53
4.2 基因演算法.................................................................................................53
4.3 進化規劃演算法.........................................................................................57
4.4 粒子群最佳化演算法.................................................................................60
4.5 多重選擇粒子群最佳化演算法.................................................................64
4.6 應用MPSO於機組排程問題之求解流程.................................................68

第五章 系統測試與結果分析..........................................................................71
5.1 前言.............................................................................................................71
5.2 測試一：MPSO強健性測試.......................................................................73
5.3 測試二：傳統機組排程測試.......................................................................75
5.4 測試三：結合電力與碳交易市場之機組排程測試...................................79
5.5 測試四：整合SSSC之電力與碳交易市場測試........................................92

第六章 結論與未來發展方向........................................................................106
6.1 結論...........................................................................................................106
6.2 未來發展方向...........................................................................................107

參考文獻..........................................................................................................109

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