由於資訊科技的進步促使愈來愈多的主管，利用即時通訊訊息的軟體行動裝置，作為下班後交付員工工作或休假時聯繫公務訊息的重要媒介；主管在下班後使用即時通訊軟體與員工聯繫公務的行為，不僅模糊了員工在工作與家庭之間的界線，也對員工在投入家庭照顧上產生壓力，甚至導致工作和家庭間的衝突。本研究以壓力和因應觀點為基礎，發展出探討員工對下班後因應公務而使用即時通訊軟體之反應的研究模型。本研究以職場員工為對象，總共回收176份有效問卷，並以SPSS 與PLS 進行量化資料之分析。研究結果發現即時通訊軟體的科技壓力的特性-穿透性會導致員工在工作和家庭間的衝突，而員工在面對工作和家庭間的衝突時會啟動內心的道德疏離機制；在員工產生道德疏離的想法後，會促使員工出現不回應主管交付工作之行為疏離的做法；此行為進而會增加員工自我的工作壓力與降低對工作投入。此外，特別重要的是本研究發現工作和家庭間的衝突不會直接影響員工的行為疏離，而是必須藉由完全中介角色-道德疏離的機制來運作。本研究結果提供研究理論意涵與職場實務工作的參考。

More and more managers or supervisors began to use mobile instant message (IM) apps as medium for assigning tasks to or receiving feedback and information from their staff, even during after-hours or non-work time. Using IM apps to perform supplemental work during after-hours might blur work-home boundaries and make staffs experience pressure from family to spend time with them, leading to work-family conflict. Drawing upon transactional model of stress and coping theory, this study develops a research model to examine how individuals cope with work-family conflict due to supplemental work-related instant messages from the supervisor during after-hours. Field data from 176 organizational employees was obtained and analysed. Our findings indicate that the technological characteristic of IM, permeability, promotes work-family conflict, which in turn triggers moral disengagement. Moral disengagement leads to behavioral disengagement, which in turn increases job strain and decreases job engagement. In addition, our findings show that work-family conflict does not have a significant effect on behavioral disengagement, suggesting that moral disengagement fully mediate the influence of work-family conflict on behavioral disengagement. The results open up new avenues for research by highlighting the incidence of organizational employees’ moral disengagement in the workplace.

論文審定書………………………………………………………………………..…… i
誌謝………………………………………………………………….…………………..… ii
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………..…. iii
Abstract……………….…………………….……….……………………..……....… iv
1. Introduction ………….…………………………..……..………....... 1
1.1 Research background and motivation………..……..…. 1
1.2 Research Question.………………………………..……...…....... 3
2. Literature Review…………………..……………....……...…….... 5
2.1 Technostress…………………………………………………............. 5
2.2 Transactional Model of Stress and Coping…….……... 8
2.2.1 Coping Strategies……………………………..………..........…. 10
2.3 Moral Disengagement……………………………….…........….. 11
3. Research Model and Hypotheses………………….….….. 16
3.1 Behavioral Disengagement………………………………...….. 17
3.2 Moral Disengagement……………………………………......….. 18
3.3 Work-family conflict…………………………………….........….. 20
3.4 Permeability…………………………………………………............... 23
4. Research Methodology………………………………….....………. 25
4.1. Measurement Development…………………………....……. 25
4.2. Survey Administration…………………………………......……. 25
4.3. Data Analysis…………………………………………............……. 26
4.3.1 Measurement Model……………………….……….......…….. 27
4.3.2 Structural Model………………………..…….………............. 32
5. Discussion and Implications………………….…….....…... 34
5.1 Summary of Results……………………..……..…..…….....…... 34
5.2 Theoretical Implications………………….….…..…….....…. 36
5.3 Practical Implications……………………….….…..……........ 39
5.4 Limitations and Future Research……………….………... 41

References………………………………………………….…................... 43
Appendix A: Questionnaire Items…………………………….…... 53
Appendix B: The Questionnaire in Chinese………........…. 57

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