「壅塞管理」( Congestion Management, CM )在電力系統的運轉一直是個嚴重的問題，為了解決這困難的問題，專家學者們提出了各式各樣能夠減輕壅塞問題的方法；本文以等效電流注入法( Equivalent Current Injection, ECI )為基礎，以此電流注入觀念以及線路參數，無須任何的假設，推導出電力潮流追蹤法 ( Power Flow Tracing Method, PFTM )。此法可以得到一靈敏度矩陣(Sensitivity Matrix, SM ) 或稱貢獻度矩陣 (Contribution Matrix, CM ) 推導出每一發電機注入功率與線路潮流量之間的線性關係，以此線性關係推導出本文解決壅塞問題之數學模型。並結合預測-校正式內部點演算法( Predictor-Corrector Interior Point Algorithm, PCIPA ) 用此演算法調度每台發電機之最小變化量以解決電力事故(System Contingency, SC) 發生所產生的壅塞問題。模擬實測在IEEE 30 Bus系統上進行模擬測試，考慮在電力事故方面解決壅塞問題有分為:系統加入重載、系統輸電線跳脫、系統發電機故障、以及多重事故發生。皆可使用本文所提出之方法可以快速得到合理限制內之解，並由測試案例可以驗證本文所提之方法的有效性與可用性。

The “Congestion Management” (CM) always has been an outstanding and major problem in power system operation. To solve this problem, experts compose solutions in a wide variety. This thesis, based on the equivalent current, applies the Equivalent Current Injection (ECI) concept and circuit parameters to derive the Power Flow Tracing Method (PFTM) . By means of this method we can get a Sensitive Matrix (SM), which is also called the Contribution Matrix (CM), to show the linear relationship between the input power and tidal current discharge of each generator set, with the linear relationship we can derive the mathematic model of treating the congestion problem discussed in this thesis. Combining the Predictor-Corrector Interior Point Algorithm (PCIPA), we can manipulate the change of each generator set in the prospective of solving the congestion problem resulting from the system contingency (SC). The thesis performed various simulations for the IEEE 30 Bus system. Regarding the power contingencies, the solutions of the power-congestion problems can be resulted from the following incidents: heavy load addition, transmission line tripped, generator malfunction as well as the multi-contingencies, etc., which can all be solved with solutions within reasonably restricted domains. We can thus verify the effectiveness of the method .

目 錄
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………i
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………ii
目錄………………………………………………………………………………iii
圖次………………………………………………………………………………vi
表次…………………………………………………………………………………vii

第一章 緒論
1.1 研究背景…………………………………………………………………………1
1.2 研究目的與方法…………………………………………………………………2
1.3 論文架構及概要…………………………………………………………………2

第二章 負載潮流與潮流追蹤
2.1 前言……………………………………………………………………………4
2.2 等效電流注入為基礎之負載潮流模型………………………………………5
2.2.1 具常數亞可比矩陣之負載潮流模型推導………………………………5
2.2.2 電壓控制匯流排模型推導………………………………………………9
2.3 電力潮流追蹤之相關理論…………………………………………………13
2.3.1 比例分配因子法…………………………………………………………13
2.3.2 比例分配圖形法…………………………………………………………16
2.4等效電流注入為基礎之電力潮流追蹤法..........................19
2.4.1 逆向潮流追蹤法(Upstream Tracing Method, UTM) …………………21
2.4.2 順向潮流追蹤法(Downstream Tracing Method, DTM)…………….....28
第三章 預測-校正式內部點演算法
3.1 前言……………………………………………………………………………34
3.2 二次式內部點演算法…………………………………………………………34
3.2.1 預測技巧…………………………………………………………………38
3.2.2 校正技巧…………………………………………………………………40
3.2.3 起始點設定技巧…………………………………………………………41
3.2.4 收斂條件…………………………………………………………………42
3.3 本章結論………………………………………………………………………42

第四章 潮流追蹤求解系統壅塞之數學模型
4.1 事故問題數學模型之描述……………………………………………………43
4.1.1 電力追蹤解壅塞之目標函數……………………………………………44
4.1.2 電力追蹤解壅塞之等式限制式…………………………………………44
4.1.3 電力追蹤解壅塞之不等式限制式………………………………………45
4.2 應用PCIPA結合電力追蹤於解決系統壅塞…………………………………47
4.2.1 KKT最佳條件推導…………………………………………………………48
4.2.2 海森矩陣推導……………………………………………………………51
4.3 模擬流程與步驟……………………………………………………………59

第五章 系統模擬與結果分析
5.1 前言……………………………………………………………………………61
5.2電力追蹤準度測試…………………………………………………………63
5.3 事故分析測試………………………………………………………………66
5.3.1 系統加入重載…………………………………………………………66
5.3.2 系統輸電線跳脫…………………………………………………………68
5.3.3 系統發電機故障……………………………………………………………70
5.3.4 多重事故……………………………………………………………………72
5.4 本章結論……………………………………………………………………………76

第六章 結論與未來發展方向
6.1 結論………………………………………………………………77
6.2 未來發展方向………………………………………………………………78

參考文獻……………………………………………………………………79

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