本論文旨在探討中文近似副詞「差一點」與「差不多」之語意特性，以及其不同的搭配詞。「差一點」與「差不多」有著相同的近似成份和極性成份。此二近似副詞皆用來描述接近某特定狀態且未達其狀態（沈家煊，1987）。因其兩者語意相似，中文作為外語學習者容易混用此二副詞。為了分辨此二詞，先前有相當多的研究探討了「差一點」與「差不多」不同的語意特性(Shen,1987; Liu & Xie,2007; Zhang, 2009 )。然而，相關文獻中缺乏了互見訊息之分析，因此無法透過搭配詞，展現該詞語常見用法之重要元素（盧慧娟、李惠琦、黃淑妙、謝文真，2008）。
本論文經由分類中央研究院漢語平衡語料庫所提供之真實語料，來釐清「差一點」與「差不多」之常見用法。研究結果分析歸納發現，「差不多」有較高的比例會與狀態動詞、表完結之補語、副詞「都」、數詞定詞以及數量定詞共現。在需要強調其近似成份，且尚有機會達成某事件的情況下，通常會選擇「差不多」作為該事件之修飾詞。然而因「差一點」蘊含了極性成份，且其否定結果之語意是無法消除的，通常在強調未達成某事件時，就會選擇「差一點」作為修飾詞。常見「差一點」之搭配詞包含反義動詞、副詞「沒」和「不」。
綜合上述研究結果，此語料庫分析結果呈現了「差一點」與「差不多」之常見搭配詞，以利中文學習者習得此二近似副詞之用法，並且也提供中文學習者在語境中選擇正確的近似副詞之依據。

This paper aims to probe into the different semantic features of Chinese approximative adverbs chayidian “miss-one-point” and chabuduo “miss-not-much”, and their common collocations. These two adverbs share the same polar component and proximal component. That is, both chayidian and chabuduo indicate the closeness to a certain state and not being the case (Shen, 1987). Due to their similar interpretations, learners of Chinese as a foreign language often misuse these two adverbs. In the previous research, the different semantic features of chayidian and chabuduo have been considerably discussed to distinguish these two adverbs. However, the collocation evidence, an important element to show the common uses of the words (Lu, Li, Xie, & Huang, 2008), is lack in previous literature. This paper aims to classify the real data from Sinica corpus and to clarify the natural uses of chayidian and chabuduo. We found that chabuduo has more collocations of stative verbs, verbs with completion complements, adverb dou, and determiners. People usually choose chabuduo as the modifier rather than chayidian in the context where they want to emphasize the proximal component and where there is still possibility to achieve the predicate. Unlike chabuduo, since chayidian entails the polar component which is uncancellable in chayidian sentences, it often appears in the context where the speaker intends to highlight the negative result. Chayidian has more collocations of adversative verbs, adverbs mei and bu. The result of this corpus-based analysis offers the common collocation words to facilitate the acquisition of these two approximative adverbs, and it also provides Chinese learners the bases to decide which adverb is a more suitable modifier in their context.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Verification letter ……………………………………………………………………...…i
Chinese abstract………………………………………………………………………….ii
English abstract…………………………………………………………………………iii
Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………….iv
List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………vi
List of Figures………………………………………………………………………….vii
List of Abbreviations…………………………………………………………………..viii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................1
1.1. Background and motivation..................................................................1
1.2. Research questions............................................................................2
1.3. Thesis organization……………………………………………………….....…2
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. The conjunctive analysis of approximative adverbs: proximal and polar.....4
2.1.1. The proximal component of chayidian and chabuduo.....................12
2.1.2. The polar component of chayidian and chabuduo..........................14
2.2. The scale of chayidian and chabuduo..................................................16
2.2.1. The telicity of chayidian and chabuduo ........................................20
2.3. The cognitive view of chayidian and chabuduo.......................................26
2.4. Interim summary………………………………………………………...28
CHAPTER 3 THE CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS...........................................30
3.1. Introduction: different collocations of chayidian and chabuduo ................30
3.2. Research method and result...............................................................31
3.3. Collocation of chayidian/chabuduo and verbal predicates.......................33
3.3.1. Stative verbs: approximation (‘around’/ ‘about’)..............................33
3.3.2. Adversative predicates................................................................36
3.3.3. Verbs with resultative ................................................................41
3.4. Collocation of chayidian/chabuduo and adverbial predicates ................45
3.4.1. Forthcoming event: Jiu...............................................................45
3.4.2. Quantifying adverb dou...............................................................48
3.4.3. Negatives mei and bu.................................................................49
3.5. Collocation of chayidian/chabuduo and determiners...............................52
3.5.1. Numerals, quantity.....................................................................53
3.6. Summary of result..............................................................................54
CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION.........................................................................55
References.................................................................................................57

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