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博碩士論文 etd-0628100-150209 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0628100-150209
論文名稱
Title
餌料油脂對海鱺幼魚成長與體組成的影響
The effects of dietary lipids on the growth and body composition of young cobia , Rachycentron canadum
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
59
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor

口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-06-12
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-06-28
關鍵字
Keywords
海鱺、油脂
cobia, lipid
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
國立中山大學海洋生物研究所碩士論文摘要
餌料油脂對海鱺幼魚成長與體組成的影響

指導教授:陳宏遠博士
研 究 生:黃何興

本論文以二次實驗探討飼料中油脂的質與量對海鱺幼魚成長及體組成的影響。實驗一探討飼料脂質含量的影響,以鱈魚肝油/玉米油(2:1)為油脂來源加入以魚粉為基礎的基礎飼料,使油脂含量分別為5%、10%、15%、20%及25%,餵食初重69.67g的海鱺,八週後海鱺餵食油脂含量15% 飼料增重率最高,且餵食10%及15% 脂質兩組之增重率高於顯著5% 脂質組。餵食15%及25% 者飼料轉換率及蛋白質效率最佳;而餵食5 % 者最差。將增重率作二次迴歸所得海鱺最大生長之最大脂質含量為14.6%,各組之間在肝體比方面沒有顯著的差異。肝臟的灰分及蛋白質方面各組之間並沒有顯著的差異,攝食添加25% 油脂的魚體肝臟的脂質含量顯著比其它組顯著的高,而水分的含量隨著肝臟脂質的增加而減少;在背肉粗脂質方面,攝食添加20%及25%油脂的魚體背肉的脂質含量顯著高於5%及10% 脂質組;攝食添加20%及25%油脂的魚體腹肉脂質含量都比其它脂質組顯著的高。餵食含20 %及25 %油脂飼料組aspartate transaminase (AST)顯著高於餵食5% 及10% 脂質組,而餵食25% 脂質組則比其它各組顯著有較高的alanine transaminase (ALT), 各實驗魚的aspartate transaminase均高於alanine transaminase。實驗二探討添加不同來源油脂對海鱺成長的影響,試驗飼料含16% 脂質,其中8 %來自魚油,

另外8% 則來自不同的油脂,經八週的成長試驗後,添加芥花油組成長顯著低於其它各組,而其餘各組之間並沒有顯著的差異。餵食添加玉米油、大豆油及大豆油中添加1% DHA三個飼料組飼料轉換率及蛋白質效率顯著高於添加芥花油組,而芥花油脂組和添加豬油及魚油組之間並沒有顯著的差異。而在肝體比方面各組之間沒有顯著的差異。海鱺飼養不同添加來源油脂含量飼料八週之後,肝臟脂質含量以攝食添加豬油飼料組的魚體肝臟的脂質含量比其它各組顯著的高,其餘各組之間沒有顯著的差異。

Abstract
The effects of dietary lipids on the growth and body
composition of young cobia,
Rachycentron canadum

Ho-shin Huang
Advisor:Dr. Houng- Yung Chen
Institute of Marine Biology, National Sun Yat-sen University
Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary lipid on the growth and body composition of young cobia , Rachycentron canadum. In the first experiment, cobia (mean body weight 69.67g) were fed fishmeal-based (contained 5% lipid) supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% oil mixture ( corn oil/ cod liver oil, 2:1) for 8 weeks. Results indicated that cobia fed diets containing 10% or 15% lipid had a significantly higher weight gain than those fed diets containing 5%, 20% or 25% lipid. Food conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were better for fish fed the lipid diets containing 15% and 25% than those fed with 5% lipid diet. Regression analysis indicates that dietary lipid level for maximal growth of young Rachycentron canadum is about 14.6%. No significant changes were observed in hepatosomatic index. Changes in body composition were not significant with respect to ash and protein content of liver and muscle. High dietary lipid level caused a significant increase in the level in liver and muscle lipid. Aspartate transaminase (AST) was significantly higher for fish fed diets containing 20% and 25% than those fed with 5% and 10% lipid. Alanine transaminase (ALT) was significantly higher for fish fed diets containing 25% than those fed the other diets.
In the second experiment, Rachycentron canadum were fed fishmeal-based diets supplemented with lard oil, canola oil, corn oil, soybean oil, soybean + 1% DHA or cod liver oil. Fishmeal together with fish oil supplement contributed 8% lipid;while the other oil sources were supplemented at 8% levels. Results show that fish fed diets with canola oil had a growth performance significantly lower than the other groups; while no difference was found among all other diets. The fish fed diets supplemented with corn oil, soybean oil or soybean + 1% DHA showed better food conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio than the canola group. There was no difference among the canola, lard and fish oil groups. No significant changes were observed in hepato-somatic index. Liver lipid content was higher in fish fed diets with lard oil than fish fed other diets.
目次 Table of Contents
目 錄

前言……………………………………………………………………… 1
實驗一、不同油脂含量對海鱺幼魚生長及體組成的影響
材料與方法……………………………………………………………….5
結果……………………………………………………………………..14
討論……………………………………………………………………..27

實驗二、不同油脂來源對海鱺幼魚生長及體組成的影響
材料與方法……………………………………………………………..30
結果……………………………………………………………………..36
討論……………………………………………………………………..51
結論……………………………………………………………………..53
參考文獻………………………………………………………………..54






圖 目 錄
圖次 頁次
一、 海鱺餵食不同油脂含量飼料八週後的增重曲線………….….15

二、海鱺增重率二次迴歸曲線……………………………………..17

三、實驗一海鱺腹肉脂質含量的變化……………………………..19

四、實驗一海鱺背肉脂質含量的變化……………………………..20

五、實驗一海鱺肝臟脂質含量的變化……………………………..21

六、海鱺餵食不同來源油脂飼料八週後的增重曲線……………..37











表 目 錄
表次 頁次
一、實驗一飼料配方表……………………………………………………………….6
二、蛋白源粗成分的分析…………………………………………………………….7
三、飼料原料的來源………………………………………………………………….8
四、實驗一飼料之一般成分分析…………………………………………………….9
五、以不同油脂含量飼料飼養八週之後海鱺的增重率;飼料效率及蛋白質
效率……………………….……………………………………………...……..16
六、以不同油脂含量的飼料餵食八週之後海鱺的肝體比………………………..18
七、飼養不同油脂含量餌料八週之後海鱺肝臟一般組成(%)……………………22
八、飼養不同油脂含量餌料八週之後海鱺背肉一般組成(%)……………………23
九、飼養不同油脂含量餌料八週之後海鱺腹肉一般組成(%)……………………24
十、以不同油脂含量的飼料餵食八週之後海鱺血液中的
轉酵素活性……………………………………………………………………26
十一、實驗二的實驗飼料組成……………………………………………………..31
十二、實驗二飼料油脂來源的脂肪酸組成………………………………………..32
十三、實驗二飼料之一般成分分析………………………………………………..33
十四、實驗二飼料的脂肪酸組成(%)……………………………………………….34
十五、以不同油脂來源飼料飼養八週之後海鱺的增重率;飼料效
率及蛋白質效率……………………………………………………………..38
十六、以不同來源油脂的飼料餵食八週之後海鱺的肝體比……………………..39
十七、飼養不同來源油脂餌料八週之後海鱺肝臟一般組成(%)…………………40
十八、飼養不同來源油脂餌料八週之後海鱺背肉一般組成(%)…………………41
十九、飼養不同來源油脂餌料八週之後海鱺腹肉一般組成(%)…………………42
廿、 飼養八週之後海鱺肝臟的中性脂質脂肪酸組成 (%)…………..……....…43
廿一、飼養八週之後海鱺肝臟的極性脂質脂肪酸組成 (%)……………………..44
廿二、飼養八週之後海鱺腹肉的中性脂質脂肪酸組成(%)…………………..…..45
廿三、飼養八週之後海鱺腹肉的極性脂質脂肪酸組成(%)…………………….…46
廿四、飼養8週之後海鱺背肉的中性脂質脂肪酸組成(%)……………………….47
廿五、飼養8週之後海鱺背肉的極性脂質脂肪酸組成(%)……………………….48
廿六、以不同來源油脂的飼料餵食8週之後海鱺血液中的
轉酵素活性 ………………….…………………………………………...49
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