論文提要：
本論文旨在探討狄福的小說<<摩爾•福蘭德絲>>中的偽裝。本文以學者Terry Castle對十八世紀化裝舞會中偽裝的研究為起點，探討小說中出現的三種層次的偽裝。摩爾在小說中利用偽裝，透過對服裝或語言等象徵系統的操弄，在不利於她的環境中扭轉情勢，事實上與化裝舞會中的偽裝有異曲同工之妙。摩爾的懺悔是許多研究學者的爭論焦點，本文以偽裝的角度切入，質疑她的懺悔的真實性。另外，若摩爾的悔改只是偽裝，則編輯者的前言中表明摩爾的故事是懺悔者的告白，預設讀者應有相同解讀立場，不應視為犯罪者的自傳的聲明，可視為是另一種偽裝。整本小說，可說是摩爾與編輯者偽裝的競技場，可以聽到兩種聲音與力量在較勁，對讀者而言，至少我這個讀者，摩爾的偽裝比編輯者的偽裝更有說服力。
本文共分五章。第一章為引言，簡述本文整體架構。第二章討論化裝舞會中人們如何利用服裝、語言等，操弄意符、意旨進行偽裝，進而玩弄他人或踰越既有制度。第二章再加入社會學家高夫曼(Goffman)對日常生活中人們如何呈現自我--”形象管理”的觀念，探討主角摩爾，如何企圖操弄他人，如何以日常生活為化裝舞會的場景，利用偽裝求生存，踰越既有社會機制，在玩弄偽裝的同時，除了玩弄別人，自己也是被玩弄的對象。第三章則以偽裝角度切入摩爾真心懺悔的假象。第四章依舊以偽裝角度檢視小說中編輯者的前言，看編輯者如何企圖將摩爾偽裝成懺悔者。最後一章結論，這本小說可說是偽裝的競技場，透過偽裝，摩爾發出連編輯者的偽裝都無法壓抑的聲音。

Abstract

This thesis attempts to examine the function of disguise used in Defoe’s Moll Flanders. I will relate Terry Castle’s studies on masquerade and disguise as an inspiration for my discussion so as to explore disguise in the novel on three levels. Clothes as well as language as a manipulable sign system manifested in masquerade become a useful means for Moll’s physical disguise. The often-debated problem of Moll’s penitence is brought out and explored in terms of spiritual disguise. The Editor’s Preface that prescribes an authorized interpretation of Moll’s story is considered a meta-narrative disguise that intends to mask Moll’s criminal autobiography as a moral tale. Therefore, the novel as a whole can be seen as an arena for competition between Moll’s disguise and the Editor’s meta-narrative disguise. For this reader, Moll’s disguise eventually hijacks Defoe’s novel and defeats the meta-narrative disguise.
The thesis is composed of four chapters. The introduction presents the overall structure in a nutshell. Chapter One explains how disguise functions in masquerade and its relation to play and transgression. In Chapter Two, to enrich the discussion, Goffman’s idea on “impression management” is employed to explore Moll’s physical disguise in everyday life. In Chapter Three, the insincerity of Moll’s repentance is brought out and discussed as Moll’s spiritual disguise. In Chapter Four, the Editor’s Preface, which seems an appendage to the novel is seriously examined and regarded as a meta-narrative disguise for it involves a dispute of how a reader should read the novel.

Table of Contents


Abstract-------------------------------------------------------------------I
Acknowledgments---------------------------------------------------------------------iii
Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
Chapter I Masquerade, Disguise and Play------------------------4
Chapter II Physical Disguise-----------------------------------------24
Chapter III Spiritual Disguise-----------------------------------------45
Chapter IV The Editor’s Meta-narrative Disguise----------------62
Conclusion-----------------------------------------------------------------------------77
Works Cited----------------------------------------------------------------------------80

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