在以往的實驗中，我們利用摩擦配向膜來達到不同的表面能與配向效果。在本研究中，我們將探討PDMS薄膜與浸潤度的特性。
本研究主要探討在ITO玻璃上製作出一個多重界面薄膜，利用接觸角延遲量和液晶浸潤度討論基板表面特性。
實驗中會在ITO玻璃上製作出面積為一半且為奈米等級的聚二甲基矽氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane，PDMS)之薄膜，藉由接觸角延遲量在不同界面上的浸潤度做探討。在各種不同條件的表面下，利用當滴在基板上並達到穩定狀態的液晶來檢測表面的濕潤性；當基板表面存在兩種不同的配向膜，液晶分子是否會呈現兩種不同的排列方式。
我們利用聚二甲基矽氧烷聚合物材料之特性低表面自由能、高可塑性、化學穩定性佳、可撓性佳等優點，並且其對環境所造成的危害甚小，對於發展綠色顯示器而言是個極具潛力的材料。
我們將利用接觸角量測系統，量測配向膜的表面能、彌散能及極性能來分析配向膜的表面特性。並量測液晶的接觸角來分析配向膜的浸潤特性。

In this study we use PDMS thin films to fabricate of multi-domain surface. PDMS gets the characteristic of good physical properties and chemical, not only low surface free energy, flexible, also has low toxicity, low cost and can protect our environment.
We used the DI water that was dropped on the PDMS thin film surface and became stable to explore the wettability of the surface, and we had a discussion about when liquid crystal dropped on the PDMS thin film surface.
Then we also observe the phenomenon that was liquid crystal will shift a little distance and we used the optical image to analyze our device.

中文審定書.......................................................................................................................ii
英文審定書………………………………………………………………………..........iii
誌謝..................................................................................................................................iv
中文摘要...........................................................................................................................v英文摘要..........................................................................................................................vi
目錄.................................................................................................................................vii
圖次..................................................................................................................................ix
表次..................................................................................................................................xi
第一章 緒論.................................................................................................................... 1
第二章 液晶簡介.............................................................................................................2
2.1 液晶種類..............................................................................................................2
2.2 彈性連續體理論..................................................................................................6
2.3 液晶異向性..........................................................................................................7
2.3.1 光學異向性.............................................................................................. 7
2.3.2 介電異向性.............................................................................................. 8
第三章 液晶配向技術與顯示模.................................................................................... 9
3.1 水平配向模式....................................................................................................10
3.2 垂直配向模式....................................................................................................11
3.3 多重區域垂直配向模式....................................................................................12
第四章 實驗架構與方法...............................................................................................13
4.1 實驗材料............................................................................................................13
4.1.1 聚二甲基矽氧烷.....................................................................................13
4.1.2 聚亞醯胺................................................................................................ 14
4.1.3 液晶........................................................................................................ 15
4.2 實驗原理........................................................................................................... 15
4.2.1 翻膜轉移法............................................................................................ 15
4.2.2 接觸角.................................................................................................... 16
4.2.3 表面自由能............................................................................................ 17
4.2.4 動態接觸角與延遲量………………………………………………….19
4.3 實驗儀器與步驟................................................................................................19
4.3.1 清洗ITO玻璃........................................................................................19
4.3.2 製作模板過程........................................................................................ 20
4.3.3 製作下基板............................................................................................ 20
4.3.4 動態接觸角量測.................................................................................... 23
第五章 PDMS薄膜量測...............................................................................................26
5.1 量測ITO區域....................................................................................................27
5.2 量測PDMS區域...............................................................................................29
5.3 膜厚與液滴........................................................................................................32
第六章 光學圖像分析.................................................................................................. 36
6.1 液晶於PDMS薄膜上移動距離.......................................................................36
6.1.1 PDMS厚度為200nm以上......................................................................36
6.1.2 PDMS厚度為200~100nm......................................................................38
6.1.3 PDMS厚度為100nm以下......................................................................44
6.2 觀察樣品亮暗變化與液晶排列方式................................................................48
第七章 結論.................................................................................................................. 49
參考資料........................................................................................................................ 51

[1] E. Lueder, ”Liquid Crystal Displays”, John Wiley, New York (2001).
[2] E. Lawrence, and J. Tannas, “Flat-panal Displays and CRTs”, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1995).
[3] Y. T. Kim, S. Hwang, J. H. Hong, and S. D. Lee, Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 173506 (2006).
[4] R. S. Akopyan, R. B. Alaverdyan, E. A. Santrosyan, and Y. S. Chilingaryan, Technical physics letters., 23, 77 (1997).
[5] D. K. Yang and S. T. Wu, “Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, England (2006).
[6] N. Koma, and K. Matsuoka, Soc. Info. Display Tech. Digest., 26, 869 (1995).
[7] A. Takeda, and S. Kataoka, Soc. Info. Display Tech. Digest., 29, 1007 (1998).
[8] F. Reinizerr, and Monatsh. Chem., 9, 421 (1888).
[9] O. Lehmann, and Z. Physik, Chem., 4, 462 (1889).
[10] G. Friedel, Ann. Physique., 17, 273 (1992).
[11] H. Kitzerow, and C. Bahr, “Chirality in Liquid Crystal”, Springer, New York (2000).
[12] P. Pieranski, E. Dubois-Violette, F. Rohten, and L. Strelecki, J. Phys. Fr., 42 , 53 (1981).
[13] P. E. Cladis, T. Garel, and P. Pieranski, Phys. Rev. Lett., 57, 2841 (1986).
[14] P. Pieranski, and P. E. Cladis, Phys. Rev.Lett., 35, 355 (1987).
[15] 松本正一, 角田市良, “液晶之基礎與應用”, 國立編譯館, 台北市, (1996).
[16] B. Bahadur, “Liquid Crystals Applications and Uses”, World Scientific, New York (1993).
[17] W. Liu, J. Kelly, and J. Chen, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 38, 1561 (1999).
[18] S. H. Hong, Y. H. Jeong, H. Y. Kim, H. M. Cho, W. G. Lee, and S. H. Lee, J. App. Phys., 87, 8259 (2000).
[19] Y. Xai, and G. M. Whiteside, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 37, 505 (1998).
[20] Y. Xai, and G. M. Whiteside, Annu. Rev. Master. Sci., 28, 153 (1998).
[21] C. M. Knobler, Nature, 369, 15 (1994).
[22] 胡福增, 陳國榮, 杜永娟, “材料表界面(第二版)", 華東理工大學出版社, 上海市, chp.3-5 (2007).
[23] T. Young, Philos. Trans. R. Soc., 95, 65 (1805).
[24] D. P. Woodruff, “The Solid-Liquid Interface”, William Clowes & Sons, London (1973).
[25] H. Y. Erbil, ”Surface Chemistry of Solid and Liquid Interfaces”, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK (2006).
[26] D. K. Owens, and R. C. Wendt, J. Appl. Polym. Sci, 13, 1741 (1969).
[27] G. Porte, J. de Physique, 37,1245 (1976).
[28] M. Morra, E. Occhiello, and F. Garbassi, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 32, 79 (1990).
[29] D. Y. Kwok, and A. Neumann, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 81, 167 (1999).
[30] 陳明陽, “矽氧烷聚合物應用於製作侷限空間液晶器件之研究”, 國立中山大學 (2010).
[31] 張競文, “溫度及摩擦對聚亞醯胺薄膜表面能及對液晶濕潤性之影響”, 國立中山大學 (2009).