工業廢水的排放，造成水中有機染劑的污染一直是個嚴重的問題。不但嚴重影響生活環境也會對人類健康造成威脅。過氧化氫是一個無汙染的氧化劑，以過度金屬(例如：氧化銅)活化過氧化氫，能產生羥基自由基(hydroxyl radical)與氫氧自由基(hydroperoxyl radical)，可有效降解有機染劑，改善汙染問題。本實驗以亞甲基藍(methylene blue)當作汙染物，以氧化銅(CuO)分解過氧化氫，產生氫氧自由基，降解亞甲基藍。第一部分實驗，我們合成氧化銅、氧化銅@聚合物(CuO@polymer)，聚合物包括聚乙二醇(Polyethylene glycol)、聚賴氨酸(Polylysine)、聚多巴胺(Polydopamine)。利用紫外光譜儀(Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy)偵測不同反應時間亞甲基藍的消色程度，並在不同pH值下作偵測。pH值越高消色效果越好。在pH為4的條件下，反應10分鐘後CuO @ PDA消色程度將近100％之間。在動力學分析中CuO、CuO@PEG、CuO@Polylysine反應系統中以10分鐘為分界，分別屬於兩個不同一級反應，CuO@PDA前二十分鐘，為一個二級反應。第二部分的實驗，我們合成洋菜膠包覆氧化銅(Agar@CuO)、洋菜膠包覆氧化銅-聚合物(Agar@CuO-Polymer)做為催化劑。在pH為4的條件下，反應60分鐘之後Agar@CuO-PDA的消色消色效果最佳，消色超過90％。在反應系統中30分鐘為分界，分別屬於兩個不同一級反應。

Because of the discharge of industrial wastewater, water pollution caused by organic dyes has been a serious problem. Not only seriously affect the living environment but also threaten human health. Hydroxyl radical is an excellent oxidant which can effectively degrade the organic dye. We use copper oxide and hydrogen peroxide as a Fenton-like agent to produce hydroxyl radical, and degrade methylene blue known as an organic pollutant. In the first part of the experiment, we synthesized CuO and CuO@polymer as Fenton-like agent to decompose hydrogen peroxide, the polymer include polyethylene glycol, polylysine, and polydopamine, and the UV-Vis spectrometer monitor the reaction. We find the optimal reaction conditions by adjusting the initial pH of the solution. The results show the optimum reaction condition was pH value between 3 to 9. The decolorization degree of methylene blue at pH 4 almost reached 100% by the agent CuO@PDA after 10 minutes. In the kinetic analysis of CuO, CuO @ PEG and CuO @ Polylysine, the reaction can divide into to two part of pseudo first-order reaction by 10 min, and the CuO@PDA is a pseudo second-order reaction before 20 min. In the second part of the experiment, we synthesized CuO@Agar、CuO@Agar-Polymer to combine the adsorption technology and the Fenton-like reaction to degrade methylene blue, the polymer include polyethylene glycol, polylysine, and polydopamine. We find that the optimal decolorization conditions is to use CuO@Agar-PDA as agent at pH 4, which can decolorize over 90% of methylene blue over 60 min. In the kinetic analysis of CuO@Agar、CuO@Agar-Polymer, the reaction can divide into to two part of pseudo second-order reaction by 30 min.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1-1奈米科技 1
1-2研究動機 3
第二章 儀器原理 4
2-1. 紫外/可見光譜儀 4
2-1-1紫外/可見光光譜 ( Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometry, UV-Vis ) 4
2-1-2比爾定律 ( Beer’s Law ) 6
2-1-3 使用儀器與參數設定 7
2-2. 傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀 ( Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, FT-IR ) 7
2-2-1 FT-IR簡介 7
2-2-2 原理 7
2-2-3 使用儀器與參數設定 10
2-3. X-ray 粉末繞射儀 10
2-3-1 X光粉末繞射 10
2-3-2 X-ray 繞射原理 11
2-3-3 使用儀器與參數設定 12
2-4. 穿透式電子顯微鏡 ( Transmission Electron Microscope, TEM ) 13
2-4-1 TEM工作原理 13
2-4-2 TEM成像機制 13
第三章 以聚合物包覆氧化銅作為類芬頓試劑分解過氧化氫降解亞甲基藍 15
3-1. 前言 15
3-2 文獻回顧 17
3-2-1 廢水處理方式 17
3-2-2 芬頓反應(Fenton reaction) 20
3-2-3 類芬頓反應(Fenton-like reactions) 21
3-2-4 染料(Dye) 22
3-2-5 氧化銅 (Copper oxide, CuO) 24
3-2-6 聚合物 25
3-3 實驗部分 26
3-3-1 實驗藥品 26
3-3-2 實驗步驟 27
3-4 實驗結果 29
3-4-1 氧化銅奈米粒子的特徵分析 29
3-4-2 CuO@Polymer奈米粒子的特徵分析 31
3-4-3 亞甲基藍降解測試 36
3-4-4 CuO與CuO@Polymer類芬頓反應消色亞甲基藍 40
3-4-5 亞甲基藍的降解機制 43
3-4-6 反應動力學分析(Kinetics of Fenton reaction) 45
3-4-7 改變pH值的消色效果比較 47
3-4-8 反應機制探討 49
3-4-9 氧化銅降解亞甲基藍重複使用性探討 51
3-5 結論 52
第四章 以聚合物修飾瓊脂並包覆氧化銅結合吸附與高級氧化程序降解亞甲基藍 53
4-1. 前言 53
4-2. 文獻回顧 53
4-3 實驗部分 55
4-3-1 實驗藥品 55
4-3-2 實驗步驟 56
4-4 實驗結果 57
4-4-1 CuO@Agar與CuO@Agar-Polymer特徵分析 57
4-4-2 亞甲基藍消色測試 65
4-4-3 CuO@Agar與CuO@Agar-Polymer消色亞甲基藍 67
4-4-4 反應動力學分析(Kinetics of Fenton reaction) 69
4-4-5 改變pH值的消色效果比較 71
4-5 結論 73
第五章 結論 74
參考文獻 75

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