Wireless Ad hoc Network是一種自組性(self-organizing)的網路，它是由許多移動性的nodes所集合而成的，並且是一種動態的網路拓樸(dynamic topology networks)。它是一種暫時性的無線網路，它不需要依靠任何的基礎架構的網路(infrastructure-based network)，而且可以迅速的部署完成，因此適合於一些緊急的情況來使用，例如：緊急的救援行動、軍事用途上。因此，網路的群播(Multicast)在這裡便扮演著極重要的角色。但是在這些應用中需要考慮到scalability、control overhead、data delivery ratio以及routing delay的問題，過去所提的方法並無法有效的解決這些問題。
所以，我們提出了一個新的multicast routing protocol，它是屬於core-based的multicast protocol。首先，我們先從將整個網路分成數個小區域(cluster)的網路，並在每個小區域的網路中選出cluster core node，藉此cluster core node，管理此區域的member node。而每個被選出的cluster core node都相連在一起。Source node會將要傳送的訊息送至屬於它的cluster core node，此cluster core node會將這訊息分別送至其它的cluster core node，進而傳送給相對應的multicast session 的member node。
在我們提出的multicast routing protocol中，藉由區域化的方式來減少control packets充斥整個網路，來使control overhead降低。藉由區域化的方式，使得每個node只需知道鄰近的node資訊，使得有效的降低在選徑 (routing) 時所造成的延遲時間(delay time)。相對的，使得在傳輸資料時並不會增加太多的nodes，使得data delivery ratio提高。也由於是區域化的方式，使得整個網路具有scalability。

Wireless Ad hoc Network is a self-organizing network. It consists of many mobile nodes and it is a dynamic topology network. It is an impermanent wireless network. It is not an infrastructure-based network, and can be deployed in a short time. Therefore, it can be highly used in some emergency situations, such as, in emergency rescue actions, in military …etc. As a result, multicast plays an important role here. But before putting it into applications, we have to consider some problems such as scalability, control overhead, data delivery ratio, and routing delay. Some approaches we have learned can’t resolve these problems.
So, here we propose a new multicast routing protocol. It’s a kind of core-based multicast protocols. First, we divide whole network into several sub-networks called as cluster, and pick up a node as the cluster core node from each cluster, and this cluster core node will manage all member nodes in this area. All cluster core nodes will connect to each other. Source node in each cluster will send messages to the it’s cluster core-node and then the cluster core node will forward this message to other cluster core-nodes. Finally, the messages will be sent to the destination, member nodes of a multicast session.
In this multicast routing protocol, we reduce control packets by localization and lower control overhead. With localization, every nodes only have information from near-by nodes, and this reduce the delay time of routing effectively. More, localization does not increase too much nodes when a message travels from A to B and raise the data delivery ratio. And because of localization, whole network is scalability.

中文摘要 ............................................................. I
Abstract ............................................................. II
Contents ............................................................. III
List of figures ........................................................ IV
Chapter 1 Introduction .... ............................................ 1
1-1 Background ......................................................... 1
1-2 Motives and Objectives ............................................. 7
Chapter 2 Relevant Literature Discussion ............................... 9
2-1 The construction of the basic multicast group ...................... 9
2-2 The multicast routing protocols in wired network ................... 12
2-3 The multicast routing protocols in wireless networks ............... 19
2-3-1 The multicast protocols in infrastructure wireless networks ...... 20
2-3-2 The multicast protocols in infrastructureless wireless networks .. 21
Chapter 3 The Cluster Core-Based Multicast Routing Protocol............. 29
3-1 Protocol Overview .................................................. 29
3-2 Description of each step ........................................... 30
Chapter 4 Simulation and Result analysis ............................... 36
4-1 Simulation Environment ............................................. 36
4-2 Evaluation Method .................................................. 36
4-3 Simulation Results analysis ........................................ 37
Chapter 5 Conclusion ................................................... 41
Reference .............................................................. 42

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