自2005年5月至9月，在澎湖大雞善嶼，進行三種繁殖的燕鷗－紅燕鷗、蒼燕鷗和白眉燕鷗的雛鳥繫放、棲地利用、巢位選擇及生態學上的觀察研究。大雞善嶼燕鷗可利用的繁殖棲地概分為三類，其中紅燕鷗築巢完全在短草地，蒼燕鷗則完全在岩盤，白眉燕鷗有83%的選擇在岩堆的環境。三種燕鷗巢的隱蔽性都不佳，巢位同樣大多位在10度以內的坡度。巢的彼此距離以紅燕鷗最近，白眉燕鷗次之，蒼燕鷗最遠。紅燕鷗對於植物的利用度較高，植物種類則以黃花磯松和鹽地鼠尾粟為主，平均高度為12.77 ± 11.06 cm。所有巢的環境因子，除白眉燕鷗的巢距與孵化成功率有顯著的相關性外（χ2＝8.25，p＝0.041），其餘皆無顯著相關。此外，紅燕鷗越晚下卵者，巢位於繁殖區邊緣有越多的傾向（χ2＝15.12，p＝0.0005）。紅燕鷗和蒼燕鷗每窩產1-2個卵，白眉燕鷗產1個。卵的大小和重量都以白眉燕鷗為最，紅燕鷗次之，蒼燕鷗再次之。紅燕鷗和蒼燕鷗的孵化期約為23天，白眉燕鷗的孵化期約為29天。紅燕鷗和蒼燕鷗孵卵與育雛的工作，都由雌、雄鳥共同負擔，通常至少會有一隻親鳥留在巢中為卵或雛鳥遮蔭，不論雌、雄平均每次的坐巢時間都大於離巢時間。紅燕鷗為了宣示領域，會出現與同種或異種間的示威、恫嚇、驅趕、打鬥等行為。今年度的研究發現，人類的拾蛋行為和颱風的過境，對研究區內燕鷗繁殖成功率影響最大。本次研究觀察到繫有足旗及腳環的紅燕鷗，證實了部分個體南遷至澳洲度冬及燕鷗有回原棲地繁殖的習性。

Abstract
During summer, May to September, of 2005, I examined nest-site selection and breeding ecology in a mixed-species colony of Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii), Bridled Terns (Sterna anaethetus) and Black-naped (Sterna sumatrana) Terns on the islet of Jishan, Penghu, Taiwan. The aims are to identify characteristic differences of nest sites within the habitats, and to compare nest-site preferences of early- and late-nesting Roseate Terns. Significant interspecific differrences in nesting sites were found: Roseate Terns nested in areas with short vegetation and with higher nesting densities, Bridled Terns nested on screes, and Black-naped Terns nested on flat rocky surface. Hatching success was not correlated with site variables in Roseate Terns. Site characteristics of early- and late-nesting Roseate Tern nests differed. Late-nesting terns used sites with taller vegetation, less of walls around nests, fewer neighbors within 1 m, more nests on the edge of the subcolony, and with more visibility from 2 m compared with early-nesting terns. Human picking-up the eggs and typhoon appeared to be the major mortality factor on Jishan Islet. Roseate Terns with metal bands and leg-flags have been observed in the area. The results demonstrate that Roseate Terns tend to have a fidelity to a natal colony and some migrate to Australia for wintering.

目　　　　錄
謝辭
摘要
前言……………………………………………………………………1
研究地描述……………………………………………………………3
材料及方法……………………………………………………………4
結果………………………………………………………………… 10
討論…………………………………………………………………．24
結論與建議…………………………………………………………．39
參考文獻……………………………………………………………．41
圖………………………………………………………………………46
表………………………………………………………………………63
附錄……………………………………………………………………70
圖版……………………………………………………………………72

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