本論文主要利用熱-彈-塑有限元素模式，模擬、分析高功率雷射加工參數對於AISI 1045及AISI 4140兩種鋼材表面熱處理製程之影響。希利用雷射高功率密度特性，使鋼材表面於雷射熱源照射下，迅速升溫至沃斯田鐵變化溫度，且於極短的時間內降回室溫，達成工件自體淬火之表面硬化程序。文中採用熱-彈塑耦合有限元素模型，配合隨溫度變化之材料參數，針對兩種鋼材，探討單道雷射及多道雷射熱處理過程中，各加工參數，如：功率大小、雷射進給速率、光斑大小對其表面硬化及回火軟化之影響。
論文中首就單道雷射熱處理之雷射功率、進給速率及光斑大小等基本加工參數對兩鋼材溫度、硬化寬度及應化層深度的影響進行分析，比較兩鋼材對於上述各加工參數的敏感度，並且將數值結果進行曲線擬合，提出最佳的加工參數範圍。文中亦進一步對多道雷射熱處理進行數值模擬，探討雷射進給路徑、雷射覆蓋率、雷射加工參數對於兩鋼材硬化面之可能之回火效應，並且推估鋼材表面的硬化程度分布情況。
數值模擬結果顯示本文所提出之有限元素分析模式，可成功分析雷射加工應用於鋼材表面熱處理製程，達成快速升溫、降溫之特性，並可將此模式用於分析鋼材回火效應所造成的鋼材硬度下降之可能性。

The thermal-elastic-plastic finite element model has been employed to simulate the possible effects of laser scanning parameters on the surface hardening process for AISI 1045 and AISI 4140 steels. The advantage of high power density of laser beam is used to heat the work piece surface quickly to achieve self-quenching effect. The thermal-elastic-plastic finite element models in company with temperature dependent material properties are applied to characterize the possible quench and tempering effects during the single-track and multi-track laser surface heat treatment.
The effects of laser surface hardening parameters, e.g. power variation, scanning speed, and the laser spot size, on the surface temperature distribution, hardening width, and hardening depth variation during the single-track surface laser treatment process has investigated. The ranges of proper parameters in the surface treatment has been proposed. The effects of parameters, e.g. the overlap of laser track, laser scanning path, power variation, scanning speed, and the laser spot size have also been explored on the study tempering effect in the multi-track laser surface heat treatment. Numerical results reveal that the proposed finite element models are feasible to simulate the laser surface heat treatment process and tempering effect of steel.

謝誌 p.i
摘要 p.ii
Abstract p.iii
目錄 p.iv
圖目錄 p.vii
表目錄 p.xi
符號說明 p.xiii
第一章 緒論 p.1
1.1 研究背景與動機 p.1
1.2 文獻回顧 p.2
1.3 組織章節 p.5
第二章 研究理論與數值方法 p.6
2.1熱處理原理 p.6
2.1.1 鐵-碳平衡圖 p.6
2.1.2 淬火理論 p.8
2.1.3 回火理論 p.9
2.2 雷射表面熱處理原理 p.10
2.2.1 鋼材表面硬化 p.10
2.2.2 雷射表面硬化處理 p.10
2.3 熱-力耦合分析模式 p.14
2.4 熱傳分析理論 p.17
2.5 力學分析理論 p.18
2.6 牛頓-拉弗森法 p.19
第三章 有限元素模型與分析方法 p.25
3.1 研究流程 p.25
3.2 移動式熱源設定 p.28
3.3 有限元素模型建立 p.32
3.3.1 幾何模型與材料性質 p.32
3.3.2 邊界條件設定 p.41
3.3.3 收斂性分析與模型網格切割 p.44
第四章 結果與討論 p.52
4.1 參數規劃 p.52
4.2 單道雷射熱處理 p.55
4.2.1 單道雷射熱處理模型簡介 p.55
4.2.2 雷射功率 p.58
4.2.3 雷射進給速率 p.63
4.2.4 雷射光斑大小 p.70
4.3 多道雷射熱處理 p.75
4.3.1 多道雷射熱處理模型簡介 p.75
4.3.2 雷射進給路徑對回火效應之影響 p.80
4.3.3 雷射覆蓋率對回火效應之影響 p.94
4.3.4 雷射功率對回火效應之影響 p.102
4.3.5 雷射進給速率對回火效應之影響 p.108
4.3.6 雷射光斑大小對回火效應之影響 p.114
第五章 結論與未來工作 p.120
5.1 結論 p.120
5.2未來工作 p.121
參考文獻 p.122
附錄 A p.128
附錄 B p.135

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