本研究主要目的為研發有效控制輪胎等橡膠製程臭排氣技術，以推廣至業界使用。
研究為將橡膠粉末分別加熱至160℃及200℃產生預定強度之模擬臭氣，分別通入兩種反應器，分別進行利用O3與UV/O3氧化去除排氣中揮發性有機物及臭味試驗。
反應器之ㄧ為雙塔式板層塔，每塔由4個串連之反應單元組成，每一單元有效容積為1.0 L，兩塔再串連，總有效容積為8.0 L。視有無通入循環水，可分別進行乾式O3氧化與濕式O3氧化洗滌試驗。另一反應器主要將臭氧及臭氣曝入照射UV之水中，曝氣水之總體積為3.63 L。探討項目為O3劑量、反應時間等參數對臭味去除率之影響，以求出適當反應條件並評估其經濟性。
以乾式雙塔式板層塔處理橡膠臭氣試驗結果顯示，在進氣臭氧濃度4.0 ppm、臭氣中VOC濃度6.5-9.0 ppm (as methane)、溫度38.5℃、氣體空塔停留時間(EBRT) 1.4-11.4秒之操作條件下，臭味強度去除率與EBRT略成正比。EBRT為8.6秒時，VOC及臭味去除率分別為82及70%。濕式試驗結果顯示，在進氣臭氧濃度4.0 ppm、VOC濃度6.6-10.3 ppm (as methane)、溫度37.3℃、EBRT 1.7-13.7秒及液氣流量比(L/G)為0.01 m3/m3之操作條件下，VOC與臭味去除率與EBRT略成正比；在EBRT約為12.0秒時，VOC及臭味去除率分別達97及>90%；在VOC濃度6.5 ppm (as methane)、EBRT 14.5秒及其他相同試驗條件下，VOC去除達100%，三點比較式臭氣濃度由3090去除至130，去除率為96%。
以UV/O3曝氣氧化處理橡膠臭氣結果發現，在進氣臭氧濃度4.0 ppm、VOC濃度12.2-15.0 ppm (as methane)、溫度31.5 ℃、EBRT 18.2秒之操作條件，分別使用不同波長及瓦數的UV燈管進行測試，其中以185 nm/5W之UV燈管的VOC與臭味去除率為最佳，VOC及臭味去除率分別達100 %及70%，剩餘臭氧濃為0.6 ppm；當進氣臭氧濃度4.0 ppm、VOC濃度6.25-11.9 ppm(as methane)、溫度31.5℃、EBRT14.5秒、pH為6.2-6.7之操作條件下，分別使用不同波長及瓦數的UV燈管進行測試，VOC與臭味去除率皆比未加酸的情況佳，VOC及臭味去除率分別達100 %及80%，剩餘臭氧濃為0 ppm。
利用雙塔式板層塔搭配活性碳吸附管進行長時間的處理，濕式試驗結果發現在連續操作210及455分鐘後，在活性碳吸附床的出口處可分別聞到些微的焦臭味及臭氧。乾式試驗結果發現210分鐘後，在佸性碳吸附床的出口處可聞到橡膠，持續實驗至1,410分鐘後，則可同時聞到臭氧味及橡膠味。在實驗持續至540分鐘後，以三點比較式嗅袋法進行測試，橡膠臭味經反應器及活性碳吸附床處理後，臭味強度從4121降至73，整體去除率達98.2%，其中活性碳吸附床的進出口臭味強度從98降至73，去除率為24.9%。經過成本估算結果為5.4元/1000m3，因此在節約成本與能源的考量下，處理橡膠業之製程臭氣，以臭氧洗滌即可。

This study was aimed at the removal of odorous compounds in gases emitted from rubber processing industries. Odorous gas for test was prepared by mixing fresh air and an odorous gas drawn from an oven in which a sample of rubber powder was kept at 160 and 200 oC, respectively. For ozonation tests, the prepared odorous gas was then premixed with a definite amount of ozone-enriched air before entering into a contact system. The contact system consists of two sieve-plate columns connected in series and each column has four 1-L chambers. Depending on with or without introducing a circulating scrubbing water into the columns, the oxidation reaction could be either wet or dry one. For UV/ozonation (UV/O3) tests, batch reactions were performed in a 3.63-L chamber fitted with an UV lamp inserted in a quartz column. A definite volume of the odorous gas generated from the oven was injected into the chamber containing a definite concentration of ozone.
Results from the dry-ozonation tests indicate that that 82 and 70% of VOCs and odorous intensity in the influent gas could be removed, respectively, with the operation conditions of an initial ozone concentration of 4.0 ppm, VOC (methane equivalent) concentrations of 6.5-9.0 ppm, an oxidation temperature of 38.5 oC, and a gas empty-bed-retention time (EBRT) of 8.6 s. Both the VOC and odorous intensity removal efficiencies were roughly proportional to the EBRT in the range of 1.4-11.4 s. Wet-ozonation got 97 and over 90% of VOC and odorous intensity removal, respectively, with the operation conditions of initial ozone concentration 4.0 ppm, VOC (methane equivalent) concentrations 6.5-10.3 ppm, oxidation temperature 37.3 oC, gas EBRT 12 s, and liquid/gas rate ratio 0.01 m3/m3. With conditions similar to those cited above, odor concentration (dilutions to the threshold) in the test gas could be removed from 3,090 to 130 with an EBRT of 14.5 s. Tests also indicate that activated carbon is effective for both physical and chemical removals of the residual VOCs, odorous compounds, and ozone in the effluent gas from the ozonation system. Economical analysis indicates that around NT$ 5.4 is required for treating 1,000 m3 of the tested foul gas by the proposed wet-ozonation and activated carbon adsorption process. Odor concentration (dilutions to the threshold) in a test could be reduced from around 4,000 to 70.
Results of UV/O3 tests indicate that the introduction of the 185 nm UV irradiation at the intensity of 5W/3.63L did not help in the additional VOC and odor removals with an initial ozone concentration 4.0 ppm, VOC (methane equivalent) concentrations of 12.2-15.0 ppm, oxidation temperature of 31.5 oC, and reaction time 18.2 s. UV irradiation is not necessary for the ozonation odor removal of the test gas samples.

謝誌 Ι
中文摘要 Ⅱ
英文摘要 Ⅳ
目錄 Ⅵ
表目錄 Ⅸ
圖目錄 Ⅹ
第一章、前言…………………………………………………………. 1-1
1.1臭味的來源…………………………………………………. 1-1
1.2研究目的與內容………………………………………………… 1-2
第二章、文獻回顧…………………………………………………… 2-1
2.1VOC及異味相關法規……………………………………... 2-1
2.2臭味……………………………………………………………….. 2-3
2.2.1臭味物質的來源……………………………................................. 2-3
2.2.2異味的量測……………………………………………………... 2-5
2.2.3常見的臭味處理技術…………………………………………….. 2-6
2.3橡膠臭味與VOCs……………………………………………….. 2-11
2.3.1煉膠及加硫臭味…………………………………………………. 2-11
2.3.2溶劑使用及再生橡膠臭味………………………………………... 2-12
2.4臭氧……………………………………………………………….. 2-13
2.4.1臭氧與紫外光的特性…………………………………………….. 2-13
2.4.2臭氧的產生與分析……………………………………………….. 2-17
2.4.3臭氧及UV/O3反應……………………………………………….. 2-20
第三章、實驗設備、材料與方法…………………………………. 3-1
3.1 實驗設備………………………………………………………… 3-1
3.1.1雙塔式板層塔反應器…………………………………………. 3-1
3.1.2UV/O3反應器…………………………………………………. 3-2
3.1.3活性碳吸附床的測試……………………..................................... 3-3
3.2實驗材料………………………………………………………… 3-4
3.2.1市售橡膠……………………………………………………… 3-4
3.2.2襯墊橡膠………………………………………………………… 3-4
3.3實驗方法…………………………………………….…………... 3-4
3.3.1乾式臭氧氧化…………………………………………………. 3-5
3.3.2濕式臭氧氧化洗滌……………………………………………. 3-5
3.3.3濕式UV/O3氧化洗滌……………............................................. 3-5
3.3.4濕式活性碳吸附床………......................................................... 3-6
3.3.5乾式活性碳吸附床..................................................................... 3-6
3.4分析方法……………………………………………………….. 3-6
第四章、結果與討論…….……………………………….……….. 4-1
4.1市售橡膠及某工廠橡膠臭味成分分析……….….…………….. 4-1
4.2一般市售橡膠臭味以乾式O3氧化方式處理…………… 4-3
4.3濕式O3氧化洗滌……………………………………………. 4-4
4.3.1一般市售橡膠臭味處理…………………………………….. 4-4
4.3.2某橡膠公司橡膠料臭味處理………………………………... 4-6
4.4濕式UV/O3氧化洗滌.….…………………………………….. 4-7
4.4.1一般市售橡膠臭味處理.…………………………………………. 4-7
4.4.2某橡膠公司橡膠料臭味處理………………………………….. 4-9
4.5活性碳吸附管試驗…………………………………………….. 4-9
4.5.1濕式活性碳吸附管試驗……………………………………….. 4-9
4.5.2乾式活性碳吸附管試驗……………………………………….. 4-10
4.6 VOC削減量與處理成本估算.……………………………….. 4-12
第五章、結論與建議.………………………………………………. 5-1
5.1濕式臭氧與VOC反應機制………………………....…………... 5-1
5.2雙塔式板層塔反應器……………………………………………. 5-1
5.3 UV/O3反應器……………………………………………………. 5-1
5.4活性碳吸附管………………………………………………… 5-2
5.5整體評估………………………………………………………… 5-2
參考文獻…………………..………………………………………….. 6-1

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