血壓是表現心臟健康情況與血管狀況的重要指標，本研究擬研究橈動脈(Radial artery)血壓與手腕皮膚表面應變的關係，透過高敏感度應變感測器(Strain gage)與光體積變化描記元件(Photoplethysmography, PPG)量測出的訊號，結合手腕皮膚組織模型(Wrist skin tissue model)與血液脈波速度(Pulse wave velocity, PWV)，建立血壓估算方法，推算出血壓大小。而應變感測器(Strain gage)會結合下壓力感測器(Pressing force sensor)穩定量測應變時的下壓力量(Pressing force)，藉此實現便於長期穿戴且無拘束的血壓監測情境。而在訊號方面，本研究透過前端處理電路(Front-end circuit)與訊號處理模組(Signal processing module)進行類比訊號的處理與數位訊號的演算，再來將資訊送入演算程式與人機介面模組(Algorithmic program and human-machine interface)實現連續性的血壓監測系統。
　　本研究進行靜態與運動後血壓波形量測與比較，測試39位年齡14至49歲的亞洲人，臨床實驗的平均偏差百分比在運動前舒張壓(Diastolic blood pressure, DBP)為4.93 %，收縮壓(Systolic blood pressure, SBP)為4.44 %；運動後DBP為6.16 %，SBP為5.08 %；休息後DBP為5.66 %，SBP為4.68 %。實現兼顧訊號雜訊比與穿戴舒適度的血壓感測系統。

Blood pressure (BP) is a crucial indicator of cardiac health and vascular status. To explore the relationship between radial-artery BP and wrist skin strain, this study devised a BP estimation method based on signals collected through high-sensitivity strain gauges and photoplethysmography (PPG) technology and by adopting a BP measurement method based on physical model of wrist skin tissues and the pulse wave velocity (PWV). The strain-based pulse wave sensor developed in this study was used with a pressing force sensor to ensure the consistent pressing force. This feature enabled long-term BP monitoring without much wrist compression. In terms of signal processing, the study designed a front-end circuit and a signal processing module to perform analog and digital signal processing, and then sent information to the algorithmic program and human-machine interface module.　After that, the module displayed continuous blood pressure in monitoring systems.
In the clinical test, BP waveforms were measured before, during, and after exercise and the data were compared for analysis. In experiment performed 39 Asians aged between 14 and 49 years, the average errors of diastolic BP (DBP) and systolic BP (SBP) were 4.93% and 4.44%, respectively, prior to exercise; 6.16% and 5.08%, respectively, during exercise; and 5.66% and 4.68%, respectively, after a rest. The proposed BP monitoring system exhibited relatively favorable signal-to-noise ratio performance and was comfortable for patients.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
目錄 v
圖次 viii
表次 xi
符號說明 xiii
專有名詞說明 xv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3 血壓波形與生理資訊的對應關係 3
1.3.1 動脈脈波波形形成 4
1.3.2 波形與心臟周期的關聯性 6
1.4 文獻回顧 8
1.4.1 血壓脈動量測方式 8
1.4.2 非侵入式連續脈搏量測裝置(機械式、光學式與脈波傳遞式) 9
1.4.3 連續性血壓量測物理模型 12
1.4.4 運動測試對臨床的重要性 13
第二章 研究方法與理論 15
2.1 血壓脈博應變物理模型 15
2.2 機械式皮膚表皮應變量測方法 18
2.2.1 應變感測元件 19
2.2.2 應變規感測原理 20
2.2.3 應變類比訊號處理 21
2.3 光學式連續脈搏量測方法 24
2.3.1 光學式感測元件 25
2.3.2 PPG感測原理 26
2.3.3 PPG類比訊號處理 27
2.4 橈動脈脈搏訊號測試 27
2.5 血壓脈搏轉換參數校正 31
2.6 下壓力感測器 32
第三章 量測裝置設計與系統 35
3.1 應變式脈搏波形感測器設計 35
3.1.1 感測器基板 36
3.1.2 矽膠保護膜 36
3.1.3 感測器凸塊 37
3.2 量測系統整合程式設計 38
3.2.1 前端處理電路 39
3.2.2 訊號處理模組 41
3.2.3 演算程式與人機介面模組 46
第四章 實驗與結論 58
4.1 臨床實驗設計 58
4.1.1 受試者納入條件 58
4.1.2 受試者排除條件 58
4.1.3 知情同意流程 58
4.1.4 試驗執行設備 59
4.1.5 試驗進行中受試者應配合之事項 60
4.1.6 試驗可能產生之風險以及處理方法 61
4.2 臨床試驗驗流程 61
4.3 臨床試驗量測結果 63
4.3.1 偏低血壓受試者臨床試驗結果 63
4.3.2 正常血壓受試者臨床試驗結果 65
4.3.3 偏高血壓受試者臨床試驗結果 70
4.4 臨床試驗結果討論 73
4.4.1 偏低血壓受試者臨床試驗結果討論 73
4.4.2 正常血壓受試者臨床試驗結果討論 74
4.4.3 偏高血壓受試者臨床試驗結果討論 75
4.4.4 受試者臨床試驗估算血壓整理討論 76
4.5 結論 78
4.6 未來展望與改善方向 78
參考文獻 80
附錄 84

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