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博碩士論文 etd-0702108-140215 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0702108-140215
論文名稱
Title
淨水廠廢水處理單元之成效與廢水回收再利用及現場污泥脫水之研究-以鳳山場為例
Research on Performance of Wastewater Purification Unit and Recycling of Wastewater and sludge Dewatering of In-Site in Feng Shan Wate Treatment Plant
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
109
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2008-06-24
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2008-07-02
關鍵字
Keywords
淨水處理、加藥處理、污泥濃縮池、污泥脫水、廢水回收、污泥調理試驗
wastewater recycling, chemical treatment, sludge conditioning experiment, sludge thickening pond, water treatment, sludge dewatering
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5681 次,被下載 3611
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5681 times, has been downloaded 3611 times.
中文摘要
在淨水處理過程中,各設備單元將產生沉澱之污泥、快濾洗砂之廢水等,均送入廢水池再進廢水沉澱池,其沉澱污泥再入污泥濃縮池經沉澱後上澄清水再回收重新處理,污泥部分則送進污泥池經加藥處理後壓成泥餅,然後委託合法清理公司負責清運至合法地點。而探討淨水場廢水回收再利用之可行性及污泥脫水將為本研究之重點。
在廢水處理單元採樣分析結果方面,回收之上澄液之pH範圍為7.16∼8.21間、導電度值範圍在371.1∼769.1 μmho/cm間、總溶解固體量(TDS)範圍在193.3∼399.9 mg/L間、濁度範圍則在0.901∼54.3 NTU間;在懸浮固體(SS)方面,其回收上澄液之範圍在0.4∼45.6 mg/L間,且回收水之懸浮固體(SS)均小於放流水水質法規標準值50 mg/L;在氨氮(NH3-N)方面,回收上澄液之範圍在0.06∼1.5 mg/L間;在總有機碳(TOC)部份,回收上澄液之濃度範圍在1.533∼17.437 mg/L間;而在淨水場廢水處理單元化學需氧量(COD)分析結果上,可發現淨水場在回收上澄液之樣本部份其濃度在12.1∼128.5 mg/L間。其中放流水水質標準中規範化學需氧量(COD)需在100 mg/L內。
在污泥調理及脫水方面,首先於實驗室進行污泥調理試驗,繪製試驗結果曲線,再配合此曲線於鳳山淨水場進行實廠之污泥調理及脫水,以驗證其在實廠應用上之可行性。
Abstract
During the water treatment process, each processing unit releases the sludge from the sedimentation process, and the wastewater from the rapid sand wash and filtration process, to the wastewater pond followed by the wastewater sedimentation pond. The sediment sludge is allowed to enter the sludge thickening pond while the supernatant is recycled for further treatment. The sludge is released to the sludge pond where it is treated with certain chemicals and squeezed to form the sludge cake. The sludge cake is removed and transported by a legitimate cleaning service company to an authorized location. The present study is focused on the investigation of the feasibility of recycling the wastewater and the dewatering of the sludge from the water treatment plant.

The analysis of the samples collected from the wastewater treatment plant showed that the recycled supernatant had a pH of 7.16~8.21, a conductivity of 371.1~769.1 μmho/cm, a total dissolved solid (TDS) of 193.3~399.9 mg/L, and a turbidity of 0.901~54.3 NTU. The suspended solids (SS) of the recycled supernatant was found to be 0.4~45.6 mg/L, lower than the standard value in the Effluent Standards (50 mg/L). The ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of the recycled supernatant were found to be 0.06~1.5 mg/L and 1.533~17.437 mg/L, respectively. The analysis of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the wastewater treatment plant showed a concentration of 12.1~128.5 mg/L in the sample of the recycled supernatant. The COD in the Effluent Standards is required to be no more than 100 mg/L.

For sludge conditioning and dewatering, a sludge conditioning experiment was conducted in the laboratory to plot the curve of the experimental result. The curve was used for the actual sludge conditioning and dewatering in the Fongshan Water Treatment Plant to verify the feasibility of the application for the actual process in the water treatment plant.
目次 Table of Contents
謝誌--------------------------------------------------------- Ⅰ
中文摘要--------------------------------------------------- Ⅲ
英文摘要--------------------------------------------------- Ⅴ
目錄--------------------------------------------------------- Ⅶ
表目錄------------------------------------------------------ ⅩⅢ
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------ ⅩⅤ
第一章 前言------------------------------------------------ 1-1
1.1 研究緣起--------------------------------------------- 1-1
1.2 研究內容---------------------------------------------- 1-2
1.2.1 淨水場廢水處理單元之成效及廢水回收再利用
成效評估-------------------------------------------1-2
1.2.2淨水場污泥脫水評估-----------------------------1-2
第二章 研究背景及文獻回顧--------------------------- 2-1
2.1大高雄地區自來水現況概述---------------------- 2-1
2.1.1水源及水資源調配現況--------------------------- 2-1
2.1.2供水區域--------------------------------------------- 2-2
2.1.3 供水量現況----------------------------------------- 2-3
2.2 淨水場現況------------------------------------------- 2-3
2.2.1澄清湖淨水場--------------------------------------- 2-6
2.2.2鳳山淨水場------------------------------------------ 2-9
2.2.3坪頂淨水場------------------------------------------ 2-13
2.3淨水廠廢水來源及回收處理流程---------------- 2-16
2.4大高雄地區淨水廠廢水操作單元概述---------- 2-17
2.4.1澄清湖淨水場--------------------------------------- 2-17
2.4.2鳳山淨水場------------------------------------------2-18
2.4.3坪頂淨水場------------------------------------------ 2-22
2.5淨水廠污泥來源及處理流程---------------------- 2-23
2.6淨水廠污泥調理及脫水設備---------------------- 2-25
2.6.1污泥調理與脫水目的------------------------------ 2-25
2.6.2影響污泥調理因子--------------------------------- 2-26
2.6.3影響污泥脫水效率因子--------------------------- 2-28
2.6.4脫水設備--------------------------------------------- 2-30
第三章研究方法與步驟--------------------------------- 3-1
3.1廢水處理單元之採樣與分析---------------------- 3-1
3.1.1採樣地點之選定與採樣頻率--------------------- 3-1
3.1.2採樣程序--------------------------------------------- 3-2
3.1.3分析項目及方法------------------------------------ 3-5
3.2淨水場廢水處理單元之成效分析---------------- 3-7
3.2.1廢水處理單元功能及處理成效評估------------ 3-7
3.2.2廢水處理單元水回收再利用可行性探討及其
限制----------------------------------------------------3-7
3.3污泥調理試驗之建立------------------------------- 3-10
3.3.1實驗污泥之採樣與分析--------------------------- 3-11
3.3.2污泥調理試驗---------------------------------------3-13
3.3.3脫水特性指標-毛細汲取時間(CST)-------- 3-15
3.4污泥調理之應用評估------------------------------- 3-17
3.4.1建立污泥調理脫水最適化條件之檢測技術--- 3-18
3.4.2污泥調理和脫水技術現場應用評估------------ 3-19
第四章結果與討論--------------------------------------- 4-1
4.1採樣日之水量與水質狀況------------------------- 4-1
4.2廢水處理單元之採樣與分析結果---------------- 4-2
4.2.1pH----------------------------------------------------- 4-3
4.2.2導電度------------------------------------------------ 4-4
4.2.3總溶解固體量(TDS)--------------------------- 4-5
4.2.4懸浮固體(SS)----------------------------------- 4-6
4.2.5總餘氯量--------------------------------------------- 4-7
4.2.6氨氮(NH3-N)----------------------------------- 4-7
4.2.7總有機碳(TOC)-------------------------------- 4-9
4.2.8濁度--------------------------------------------------- 4-10
4.2.9化學需氧量(COD)----------------------------- 4-11
4.3廢水處理單元回收水處理成效評估--------------4-13
4.3.1 pH---------------------------------------------------4-13
4.3.2導電度------------------------------------------------ 4-14
4.3.3總溶解固體量(TDS)--------------------------- 4-15
4.3.4懸浮固體(SS)----------------------------------- 4-16
4.3.5氨氮(NH3-N)----------------------------------- 4-17
4.3.6總有機碳(TOC)-------------------------------- 4-18
4.3.7濁度--------------------------------------------------- 4-18
4.3.8化學需氧量(COD)----------------------------- 4-19
4.4廢水處理單元水回收再利用可行性探討-------- 4-20
4.4.1氨氮(NH3-N)----------------------------------- 4-21
4.4.2總有機碳(TOC)-------------------------------- 4-22
4.4.3化學需氧量(COD)----------------------------- 4-23
4.5污泥調理試驗---------------------------------------- 4-24
4.5.1實驗室調理試驗------------------------------------ 4-24
4.5.2鳳山實廠調理試驗--------------------------------- 4-25
第五章結論與建議--------------------------------------- 5-1
5.1結論---------------------------------------------------- 5-1
5.2建議---------------------------------------------------- 5-2
參考文獻----------------------------------------------------參-1
口試意見回覆表---------------------------------------- 附錄-1
參考文獻 References
一、中文部分
1.中興工程顧問公司&美商旭環股份有限公司,「大高雄地區自來水後續改善工程規劃」,台灣省自來水公司委託規劃報告,2000。
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3.台灣省自來水公司營運快報,2002。
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5.朱敬平,「污泥膠羽結構、脫水性、水份分佈、與熱分解特性之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學化學工程研究所,1999。
6.呂維明,「離心過濾. 過濾技術」,高立圖書有限公司,1994
7.李丁來,「大高雄地區自來水後續改善工程計畫簡介」,中華民國自水協會會刊,第22卷,第4期,2003。
8.李漢鏗,「淨水污泥之機械脫水研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所,1982
9.洪嘉祥,「熱調理/調理劑調理對污理流變性質與脫水效率之相關研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所,2000
10.張敏超,「污泥脫水之化學調理本質」,中華民國自來水協會會刊,第17卷,第1期,2003。
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15.財團法人中華顧問公司,「澄清湖、拷潭、翁公園淨水場增設高級淨水處理設備委託技術服務工程細部實施計畫」,2002。
16.財團法人中華顧問公司,「台灣省自來水公司民間參與鳳山淨水場淨水設施改善及營運案可行性評估報告」,2003。
二、英文部分
1.Benitez, J., Rodriguez, A., and Suarez, A.,“Optimization Technique for Sewage Sludge Conditioning with Polymer and Skeleton Builders”, Water Science and Technology., 28, 10,2067 (1994).
2.Benefield, L. D., Judkins, J. F., and Weand B. L., ”Process Chemistry for Water and Wastewater Treatment”, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, USA, 191-217 (1982).
3.Evertt, D. H., “Basic Principles of Colloid Science”, The Royal Society of Chemistry,London, U.K. (1988).
4.Langer, S. J., and Klute, R.,“Rapid Mixing in Sludge Conditioning with Polymers”,Water Science and Technology, 28, 1, 233-242 (1993).
5.Langer, S. J., and Hahn, H., “Mechanism of floc formation in sludge conditioning with polymers”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 30, 8, 129 (1994).
6.Lee, D. J., and Hsu, Y. H.,“Cake Formation in Capillary Suction Apparatus”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 32, 1180-1185 (1993).
7.Lee, D. J., and Hsu, Y. H., “Fluid Flow in Capillary Suction Apparatus”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 31, 10, 2379-2385 (1992)
8.Novak, J. T., and Haugan, B. E.,“Mechanisms and Methods for Polymer
Conditioning of Activated Sludge”, Journal. WPCF. 52, 10, 2571-2580 (1980).
9.Novak, J. T., and Prencteville, J. F,“Mixing Intensity and Polymer Performance on Sludge Dewatering”, ASCE, J. Envir. Eng., 114, 1, 190-198 (1988).
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11.Steimle, E., “Sludge Treatment and Disposal Systems for Rural Areas in Germany”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 27, 9, 159-171 (1993).
12.Tay, J. H., and Jeyaseelan, S., “Dewatering Characteristics of Oily Sludge”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 28, 1, 249-256 (1993).
13.Tay, J. H., and Jeyaseelan S., “Conditioning of Oily Sludges with Municipal Solid Wastes Incinerator Fly Ash “, Wat. Sci. Tech., 35, 8, 231-238 (1997).
14.Werle, C. P., and Novak, J. T., “Mixing Intensity and Polymer Sludge Conditioning”, ASCE, J. Envir. Eng., 110, 5, 919-934 (1984).
三、相關網站
1.大高雄地區自來水後續改善工程計畫網站http://203.74.178.79/ks-water/index.htm
2.台灣省自來水公司網站,http://www.water.gov.tw/
3.美國自來水協會網站(American Water Works Association,AWWA),http://www.awwa.org/science/sun/
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