本研究的目的是在探討溶有氣體的水在結冰固化過程中，其成長
介面上的異相成核現象，而這也就是模擬固化中的工件上會產生的孔隙。液體的過飽和會導致氣泡產生，這樣的現象在很多領域都會發生，例如熱傳，製造，生化等。在本研究中，除了測量成核氣泡的尺寸，另外也測量固化介面處的氣體濃度。將實驗結果與理論預測相互對照之後，可以瞭解水中的氣體對氣孔尺寸的影響。對照結果顯示溶在水中的氣體越多，則會降低自由能障礙，進而減少氣泡的臨界半徑尺寸。在固化過程初期，氣泡的臨界半徑與氣泡數目成反比，到了固化過程後期，介面上的液體內的氣體濃度減少，氣泡尺寸也隨之增大。

Heterogeneous nucleation of bubbles on an advancing solidification front during freezing of water containing a dissolved gas has been experimentally and analytically studied. The formation of bubbles resulting from supersaturation of liquids is commonly encountered in different fields such as heat transfer, manufacturing, and bioscience.
In this work, sizes of nucleating bubbles and concentration profiles of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in water ahead of the solidification front have been measured. From successful comparisons between the measured and predicted critical radii of nucleating bubbles and distributions of dissolved gas content, phenomena of heterogeneous nucleation in a binary weak solution during the freezing process are quantitatively confirmed.
The results show that an increase in gas content at the solidification front in the liquid decreases the free energy barrier and critical radii of bubbles that are formed on the solidification front. In the early stage of solidification, sizes of the critical radii decrease and the number of nucleating bubbles increase. As solidification rates decrease later, content of the dissolved gas in the liquid on the advancing interface decreases and the critical radii of nucleating bubbles increase.

謝誌 …………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
目錄 …………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
摘要 ………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
英文摘要 …………………………………………………………… Ⅳ
圖目錄 ………………………………………………………………Ⅴ
表目錄 …………………………………………………………… Ⅵ
符號說明 ……………………………………………………………Ⅶ
第一章 序論
1-1前言 …………………………………………………………… 1
1-2成核現象 ……………………………………………………… 1
1-3研究動機 ……………………………………………………… 3
1-4研究目的 ……………………………………………………… 4
第二章 固化過程中壓力與濃度之解析
2-1成核氣孔的壓力與氣體濃度 ………………………………… 5
2-2液體內的濃度 ………………………………………………… 9
2-3同相成核 ………………………………………………………11
2-4異相成核 ………………………………………………………14
2-5稀薄溶液的臨界半徑 …………………………………………18
2-6主要公式 ………………………………………………………20
第三章 實驗設備與步驟
3-1實驗設備 ………………………………………………………23
3-2實驗步驟 ………………………………………………………26
第四章 實驗結果與討論
4-1實驗結果與討論 ………………………………………………27
第五章 結論
5-1結論 …………………….………………………….…….…… 36
參考文獻 …………………….………………………….…….…… 37

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