表面增強拉曼光譜 ( SERS )由於高靈敏度、高解析度及對於吸附物的高選擇性，廣泛應用在生物、醫藥、化學等領域。近年來有許多研究，透過合成金屬結合半導體的材料，能大幅提升SERS增強活性。本實驗中我們利用聚多巴胺對環境友善、良好吸附性與還原劑的優點，製備金屬結合半導體的銀/聚多巴胺/氧化鋅材料，並應用SERS發現其增強效果能有效提升，適合作為SERS基材。由掃描式電子顯微鏡 ( SEM )觀察到材料的形貌為棒狀堆疊的結構。利用X光繞射分析儀( XRD )、能量分散光譜儀 ( EDS )與感應耦合電漿質譜儀 ( ICP-MS )對材料作定性與定量分析。從X光光電子光譜儀( XPS )的結果中，我們可以驗證銀奈米粒子與氧化鋅間的電荷轉移趨勢，藉以解釋SERS效應增強的原因。藉由調整銀奈米粒子沉積時間，並利用SERS測定羅丹明B的偵測極限與監測光催化降解反應，測得銀奈米粒子沉積時間的最佳條件為8小時，光降解反應為一級反應。藉由材料兼具SERS的高靈敏度與反應的催化活性，我們對最佳條件的基材作重複5次實驗，發現仍能維持相當的催化活性，適合作為可回收的感測材料，對於應用有機染料的追蹤感測與催化劑製備的SERS基材有良好前景。

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ( SERS ) has broad applications in the fields of biology, medicine and chemistry due to high sensitivity, high resolution and high selectivity to the adsorbate. In recent years, it was reported that materials combining metal and semiconductor can greatly increase the SERS enhancement effect. In this experiment, we synthesized Ag/PDA/ZnO@GMF which combined metal and semiconductor using polydopamine, and had the benefits of being environmentally friendly, exhibiting good adsorption, and being a strong reductant. We applied the material to SERS and found that the SERS enhancement effect increased significantly, making it an attractive SERS substrate. We observed that the material exhibited the rod-stacking structure by SEM. We performed qualitative and quantitative analysis of the material by XRD, EDS and ICP-MS. From the results of XPS, we observed the charge transfer effect between the silver nanoparticles and zinc oxide, which explains the increased SERS enhancement effect. By tuning the deposition time of the silver nanoparticles, we tested the detection limit of Rhodamine B and monitored the photocatalytic degradation. We found that the best condition of deposition time was 8hr, and the photocatalytic degradation was first-order reaction. Because the material possessed both high sensitivity of SERS and catalytic activity of reaction, we repeated the experiment in five times on the substrate of best condition. We found that the substrate could maintain considerable catalytic activity, appropriate for serving as recyclable sensing material. It would have good prospect to apply to the trace sensing of organic pollutants and fabricating the SERS substrate which could be the catalyst.

摘要.................................................................................................................................i
Abstract..........................................................................................................................ii
目錄...............................................................................................................................iii
圖次...............................................................................................................................vi
表次...............................................................................................................................x
第一章 緒論..................................................................................................................1
1-1拉曼散射 ( Raman Scattering ) ............................................................................1
1-1-1簡介...................................................................................................................1
1-1-2拉曼散射機制...................................................................................................1
1-1-3拉曼散射理論...................................................................................................4
1-2表面增強拉曼散射 ( Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, SERS ) ..................6
1-2-1 簡介.................................................................................................................6
1-2-2 電磁場增強效應 ( electromagnetic field enhancement ) ..............................6
1-2-3 化學增強效應 ( chemical enhancement effect ) ...........................................8
1-3 多巴胺介紹.........................................................................................................10
1-3-1 簡介...............................................................................................................10
1-3-2 聚多巴胺製備及聚合機制...........................................................................11
1-4 玻璃纖維濾紙介紹.............................................................................................16
1-5 羅丹明B介紹.....................................................................................................16
1-6 研究動機.............................................................................................................17
第二章 儀器原理........................................................................................................19
2-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡 ( Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM ) .........................19
2-1-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡.......................................................................................19
2-1-2 原理...............................................................................................................19
2-1-3 使用儀器與設定參數...................................................................................20
2-2 X光繞射分析儀 ( X-ray diffraction, XRD ) ....................................................20
2-2-1 X光繞射分析................................................................................................20
2-2-2 原理...............................................................................................................21
2-2-3 使用儀器與設定參數...................................................................................22
2-3 X光光電子光譜 ( X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS ) ...........................22
2-3-1 X光光電子光譜.............................................................................................22
2-3-2 原理...............................................................................................................22
2-3-3 使用儀器與設定參數...................................................................................24
2-4 感應耦合電漿質譜儀 ( Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,
ICP-MS ) ...........................................................................................................24
2-4-1 感應耦合電漿質譜儀...................................................................................24
2-4-2 原理...............................................................................................................25
2-4-3 使用儀器與設定參數...................................................................................26
2-5 拉曼光譜儀 ( Raman Spectrometer ) ...............................................................27
2-5-1 原理...............................................................................................................27
2-5-2 使用儀器與設定參數...................................................................................27
第三章 合成銀/聚多巴胺/氧化鋅材料並應用表面增強拉曼散射感測羅丹明B...28
3-1 前言.....................................................................................................................28
3-2 實驗部分.............................................................................................................29
3-2-1 實驗藥品.......................................................................................................29
3-2-2 實驗基板.......................................................................................................29
3-2-3實驗流程........................................................................................................30
3-2-3-1 氧化鋅基材 ( ZnO@GMF )之樣品製備................................................30
3-2-3-2 聚多巴胺還原銀於氧化鋅基材 ( Ag/PDA/ZnO@GMF )之樣品製備...
..................................................................................................................30
3-2-3-3 聚多巴胺還原銀奈米粒子在玻璃纖維濾紙 ( Ag/PDA@GMF )之樣品
製備..........................................................................................................31
3-2-3-4表面增強拉曼光譜作偵測極限測試.......................................................31
3-2-3-5表面增強拉曼光譜監測羅丹明B的反應變化........................................32
3-2-3-6 ICP-MS樣品製備.....................................................................................33
3-3 結果與討論.........................................................................................................34
3-3-1 氧化鋅基材的結構鑑定...............................................................................34
3-3-2 聚多巴胺還原銀於氧化鋅基材...............................................................37
3-3-3 表面增強拉曼散射實驗...............................................................................46
3-3-4 偵測極限測試...............................................................................................51
3-3-5 光催化降解反應...........................................................................................59
3-4 結論.....................................................................................................................78
第四章 結論................................................................................................................78
第五章 未來展望........................................................................................................79
參考文獻......................................................................................................................80

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