摘 要

本研究使用靜態接點試驗機加裝真空設備及氣體供應系統，針對常用之銀電氣接點，藉由改變不同惰性氣體、供應電壓及電極間隙等參數，進行實驗探討各個參數對銀接點電蝕之影響。實驗結果顯示在氦氣中的放電門檻電壓比在氬氣或空氣中高。另外觀察陽極損傷表面並對損傷面積與體積計算與分析，其結果為在氦氣中的損傷面積和體積都比在氬氣或空氣中小。由SEM照片上可觀察出，在氦氣中電蝕孔周圍金屬噴濺比在氬氣或空氣中小。期望以上結果可以提供國內電氣接點製造業界相關參數與改善接點研發技術，以及超精密加工環境—無塵室之塵粒污染相關設計之參考。

Abstract

In this study, a static electric contact tester with a vacuum system and gas supply system is used to investigate the effects of experimental parameters, such as inert gas kind, supply voltage, and the gap between the contacts, on the electric-arc characteristics and the erosion type for the electric contacts of silver. The experimental results show that chargeable threshold voltage in helium is higher than that in argon or air. In addition, the erosion surface of anode is observed, and the erosion area and volume are calculated and analyzed. Results show that the erosion area and volume in helium are smaller than that in argon or air. According to the observation of SEM photomicrographs, metal sputtering of the erosion hole in helium is smaller than that in argon or air. It is expected to provide the domestic electrical contact manufacturer in improving the research and development technique of the electrical contacts, and the design reference related to ultra-precision machining using a clean room.

總目錄 i
圖目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
符號說明 viii
中文摘要 ix
英文摘要 x

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 放電現象發生與種類 4
1.3 氣體放電原理 6
1.3.1 電漿的形成 7
1.3.2 電子的放射 11
1.3.3 電弧的形態 12
1.3.4 間隙與電弧形態 14
1.4 惰性氣體介紹 13
1.5 文獻回顧 17
1.5.1 接點特性 17
1.5.2 電極間隙對電弧放電的影響 18
1.5.3 環境氣壓對電弧放電的影響 20
1.5.4 環境氣氛對電弧放電的影響 21
1.6 本論文重點 23
1.7 本論文架構 24

第二章 試驗機設計原理及實驗方法 25
2.1 實驗設備 25
2.1.1 靜態接點試驗機系統 26
2.1.2 間隙控制機電系統設計 30
2.1.3 真空系統 32
2.1.4 量測及資料收集處理系統 35
2.1.5 氣體供應系統 37
2.2 實驗材料 38
2.2.1 接點試片尺寸及其材料特性 38
2.2.2 試片處理 40
2.3 實驗條件 42
2.4 實驗步驟 43

第三章 實驗結果與討論 46
3.1 參數符號說明 46
3.2 電弧電壓與電流波型 50
3.3 放電門檻脈衝電壓 50
3.3.1 陽極銀試片放電門檻脈衝電壓 51
3.4 不同氣體與間隙效應對電弧放電的影響 53
3.4.1 不同氣體與間隙效應對電弧特性的影響 53
3.5 不同氣體下電氣接點的電蝕損傷情況 61
3.5.1 不同氣體下對陽極銀試片電蝕損傷 61
3.5.2 不同氣體下對電蝕孔金屬噴濺 71
3.6 電極試片間的材料轉移機制 75
3.6.1 鐵元素的分析 75
3.6.2 間隙效應對材料轉移機制 79

第四章 結論 84

參考文獻 86

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