「社會資本」是繼傳統的三種智慧資本（包括人力資本、組織資本與顧客資本）後，所被提出並被認為是在網路經濟下對組織而言非常重要的另一種新的智慧資本。因為21世紀是講求團隊合作、策略聯盟的競爭時代，任何組織很難靠單打獨鬥或獨善其身來與對手集團抗衡，因此企業除了強化本身的核心競爭能力外，更要廣泛、快速、有效地與顧客、策略夥伴、供應商、學術研究單位甚至競爭對手共同營造出一個觸角廣、合夥關係好、知識充分交流的關係網路，才能在變遷快速的產業環境中存活。而了解組織之社會資本如何影響其創業契機的掌握能力，應是21世紀組織競爭中最重要的課題。
本研究主要藉由Nahapiet & Ghoshal(1998)所提出之組織社會資本架構，從三個不同構面來探討組織所擁有的社會資本架構如何影響其創業契機的發現、創造、評估和利用，這三個構面包括(1)結構構面：包含網路連結度與網路組態 (2)認知構面：包含共享的語言、符號與故事 (3)關係構面：包含信任、規範、義務感與認同感。另外本研究認為組織除了經由廣大的人脈關係網路可快速有效的擷取新資訊與知識外，其本身對於新知識的學習能力，以及過去所累積的相關知識基礎，亦會影響其精確掌握契機的能力，因此本研究在模式中加入吸收能力理論(Cohen & Levinthal, 1990)及現有知識基礎兩個變數，以便共同探討影響組織契機掌握能力之不同因子。
本研究使用問卷調查法來收集國內企業之社會資本等相關資料，並採用路徑分析法對研究架構進行檢驗。研究結果發現，影響組織創業契機掌握能力最重要之社會資本構面為結構構面，而組織知識的吸收能力則受到社會資本結構構面及關係構面的影響；另外，組織之創業契機掌握能力及知識吸收能力皆具有非常顯著的路徑相依性。本研究共提出九項假說，其中有五項假說獲實證結果支持。

Besides the three traditional ICs(Intellectual Capital) including Human Capital, Structural Capital and Customer Capital, Social Capital(SC) has been recognized as a forth critical IC of an organization in the network economy. In the 21st century, various kinds of collaborations among organizations such as strategic alliance or virtual organization play a major role in the global competition marketplace; no one can do their business alone. Therefore, only an inter-organizational collaborative team with strong relationships and network ties among the members can more efficiently and effectively discover, evaluate and exploit the emerging entrepreneurial opportunities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a firm’s social capital on its capabilities to discover, evaluate and exploit the entrepreneurial opportunities.
Three dimensions of a firm’s social capital are canalized. (Nahapiet & Ghoshal, 1998) (1)structural dimension: includes network ties and network configurations (2)cognitive dimension: includes shared codes, languages and narratives (3)relational dimension: includes trust, norm, obligations, and identifications. Moreover, since a firm’s absorptive capability of new knowledge and its past related knowledge base also influence the effectiveness of its exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunity, Absorptive Capability Theory (Cohen & Levinthal, 1990) and current knowledge base of a firm are also used as two variables in the research model to increase the integrity of the model.
An empirical survey methodology is applied to test the research model and hypotheses proposed in this study. Five out of nine hypotheses are validated in our research model with Path Analysis. The research result reveals that the structural dimension of a firm’s social capital has the most impact on its abilities of entrepreneurial opportunities; on the other hand, a firm’s absorptive capability of knowledge is affected by the structural and relational dimensions of social capital. Furthermore, the result validates that both absorptive capability and the abilities of entrepreneurial opportunities of a firm exhibit significant path dependency. This result will be useful to both the academic and business particularly in its advocacy of the cultivation of the structural dimension of a firm’s social capital.

第壹章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機
第二節 研究目的
第三節 研究流程

第貳章 文獻探討
第一節 組織掌握創業契機的能力
第二節 社會資本理論
第三節 吸收能力理論與路徑相依

第參章 研究模式與研究方法
第一節 研究模式
第二節 研究假說
第三節 研究變數定義
第四節 研究設計方法

第肆章 資料分析結果
第一節 問卷回收與樣本特徵
第二節 效度與信度檢驗
第三節 研究假說檢定
第四節 組織變數之統計分析
第五節 總結：研究發現

第伍章 結論與建議
第一節 結論
第二節 建議
第三節 研究貢獻與研究限制

參考文獻

附錄一：問卷
附錄二：殘差分佈圖、直方圖
附錄三：問卷的收斂效度

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