近數十年來，海岸地區防護不再以完全防禦波浪越波為目的，改以允許適量越波配合堤後排水改善海岸溢淹，因此越波量為海堤設計之重要指標。往昔學者積極研究海堤越波，進行大量水槽實驗，並依照各自的海堤斷面提出不同的經驗公式，以估算越波量，做為海堤規劃設計之重要依據。但實驗的波浪條件大多是在固定週期下以不同波高討論不同出水高與波高比對越波量的影響，往往忽略現場合理大波高伴隨長週期的情況、惡劣波浪條件及週期因素。此外，往昔學者大多以直立式海堤或單一斜面式海堤為研究對象。極少探討具有胸牆之濱台式海堤的越波行為。
本研究以南星計畫遊艇產業專區的西海堤為模型斷面，以光滑面、及五種不同被覆層及消波配置執行越波實驗，使用兩種水位與四種重現期颱風波浪條件探討越波量之異同，並將實驗結果與往昔學者模式比對。在推倒新的無因次出水高及越波參數後，應用於具有胸牆之濱台式海堤的越波量估算經驗式。研究發現10年重現期颱風波浪在最高高潮位時，在高雄南星計畫西堤越波量幾乎相當於50年重現期颱風波浪在朔望平均高潮位引致的越波。

In the last few decades, the purpose of coastal protection is no longer in forbidding overtopping, but allowing appropriate amount of wave overtopping with drainage facilities to mitigate the likely flooding. Therefore, the amount of wave overtopping is an important indicator in the seawall design. There were numerous scholars who studied wave overtopping, performed extensive hydraulic flume experiments, and proposed empirical formulas to predict overtopping. However, the wave conditions employed were having mostly different wave heights with the same wave period, in order to investigate the effect between the height of freeboard and wave heights on overtopping. Due to the fact that larger wave height may often associated with longer wave period, so the wave period must be included in the empirical formulas for wave overtopping. In addition, previous studies were mostly aimed at vertical and single slope seawalls, seldom considered the behavior of the bermed seawalls with crown wall.
The purpose of this study is to perform laboratory experiments on the overtopping at the western seawall at Kaohsiung Nan-Sing Marina Industrial Park, subject to storm waves with 4 types of return period and 2 types of high water level, together with 6 kinds of wave absorbing arrangement. The data obtained are then compared using empirical formulas and the new parameters developed in this study to predict the overtopping over the bermed seawall. Our results reveal that the wave overtopping amount caused by 10-year-return-period storm waves at HHWL could equal to a 50-year-return-period storm waves at HWL on the bermed seawall in Kaohsiung area.

目錄
謝誌 i
中文摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 越波與容許越波量 3
1.3 本文結構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 直立式海堤 7
2.2 斜面式海堤 8
第三章 實驗設計 11
3.1 實驗佈置 11
3.2 實驗設備 12
3.3 實驗步驟 15
3.4 實驗條件 17
3.5 海堤被覆層及消波機制種類 22
第四章 實驗數據及分析 24
4.1 入射波測試 24
4.2 越波水位計算 25
4.3 實驗數據彙整 26
4.4 被覆層及消波機制影響 32
第五章 實驗結果與討論 35
5.1 越波經驗模式 35
5.1.1 Owen (1980) 經驗式 36
5.1.2 van der Meer (1995) 經驗式 40
5.1.3 Aminti (1988) 經驗式 42
5.1.4 Pedersen (1992) 經驗式 43
5.1.5 越波經驗式比較 45
5.2 實驗驗證 46
5.2.1 Owen (1980) 經驗式 46
5.2.2 van der Meer (1995) 經驗式 48
5.2.3 Aminti (1988) 經驗式 49
5.2.4 Pedersen (1992) 經驗式 51
5.2.5 Goda (1975) 查表 52
5.2.6 越波數據驗證 53
5.3 新無因次參數及經驗式的應用 55
5.3.1 新無因次越波參數推導 55
5.3.2 消波塊被覆層的影響 56
5.3.3 比較不同消波配置的越波量 60
5.3.4 水位高與雙層消波塊整齊排列對越波影響 66
5.3.5 水位高與離岸潛堤對越波的影響 68
第六章 結論與建議 70
6.1 結論 70
6.2 建議 72
參考文獻 73

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