因應近年智慧城市與IoT概念的興起，各式裝置的連網需求大幅增加，卻也因此衍生出許多相關問題，為解決現有IoT無線聯網技術所遇到的問題與缺點，如ZigBee傳輸速度較慢、NB-IoT與LoRa等採用星狀拓撲的無線傳輸技術，需倚賴基地台訊號，訊號的涵蓋率將會是順利聯網與資料傳輸的重大關鍵。Chiu and Wang提出的應用於資料蒐集無線網路之具蟲洞串鏈式路由演算法，該演算法提出了低碰撞的無線路由協定與節點斷裂的修復方式，以小功率的節點進而串連為資料收集網，符合經濟且彈性化的應用需求。
因此本論文針對串鏈式拓撲架構提出在物聯網中用於資料收集之Wi-Fi串鏈式網路演算法，本演算法承接串鏈式架構低碰撞的優點，並解決多節點無法同時開機建網以及能利用訊號強度作為節點建網鏈結的依據，確保在訊號涵蓋範圍內的節點皆能穩定聯網，不會因少數節點出問題而讓整個系統中斷傳輸。而本演算法也修正了串鏈式網路建網與節點斷裂回復流程，並加上封包訊號強度佇列機制，使其多節點能快速建構出網路鏈，當有節點因故當機則會自動更改路由資訊使傳輸不致中斷，而當機節點恢復後，將會被其他節點救援而重新回到網路鏈中。本論文以CC3220MODA Wi-Fi SoC模組建構出一測試平台來驗證及實現Wi-Fi串鏈式網路演算法，同時將之用以電器監測控制系統中，實際佈建在不同環境實測，量測傳輸時間與節點遺失率，並與AODV在資料收集的時間相比較，從結果中可以確認本論文的可行性，並提供演算法中影響整體系統效能關鍵的相關參數的設定目標函數，以供使用者日後在實際建設物聯網資料收集系統時當成進行設定參數的參考。我們希望未來利用此無線串鏈式網路在資料收集上的優勢，進而解決物聯網多裝置連網需求，建構出穩定可靠且高速的資料收集系統。

In response to the concept of Smart City and Internet of Things (IoT) being prevailed in recent years, networking requirements for various devices have increased significantly, however, many related problems have arisen. To solve the problems and shortcomings of the existing IoT wireless networking technologies, for example, the data rate of ZigBee is slow and the wireless networking technologies which uses star topology like NB-IoT and LoRa is rely on the signal of base station, if the node is at communication deadzone, it will not be able to successfully transmit data. Therefore, this thesis proposes an Adaptive Linked-List Mechanism For Wi-Fi Wireless Network, this algorithm takes advantage of the low-collision of the linked-list architecture and solves the problem that multiple nodes cannot be started at the same time, moreover, the nodes are able to use signal strength as the basis for constructing a linked-list network that ensure that the nodes within the signal coverage can be stably connected, and the entire system will not be interrupted due to a problem with a few nodes. The algorithm also modifies the linked-list network construction and broken node recovery process, and adds the packet signal strength queue mechanism, so that multiple nodes can quickly construct the network chain. Furthermore, we design a Wi-Fi control board which is based on CC3220MODA and implement our algorithm on it, finally, after testing in different environment, we offer two objective function for two important arguments. We hope to take advantage of this wireless linked-list network in data collection network in the future, and then solve the multi-device networking requirements, and build a stable, reliable and high-speed data collection network for IoT.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
圖次 viii
表次 xi
第1章 簡介 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 論文架構 2
第2章 背景知識與相關研究 3
2.1 應用於物聯網相關無線網路技術 3
2.1.1 NB-IoT 3
2.1.2 Sigfox 5
2.1.3 LoRa 7
2.1.4 ZigBee 10
2.1.5 Thread 11
2.1.6 Wi-SUN 13
2.1.7 總結 14
2.2 相關無線網路路由策略 16
2.2.1 主動式路由–OLSR 16
2.2.2 回應式路由–AODV 17
2.3 具蟲洞之串鏈式無線網路 18
第3章 適用於物聯網資料收集之Wi-Fi串鏈網路 22
3.1 適用於物聯網資料收集之Wi-Fi串鏈網路架構 22
3.1.1 整體架構 22
3.1.2 節點定義 23
3.1.3 網路鏈封包傳遞方式 24
3.2 建網相關機制 26
3.2.1 Lock Flag機制 26
3.2.2 多節點同時建網 27
3.2.3 單節點插入建網 31
3.2.4 Unlock All機制 34
3.2.5 訊號強度佇列機制 35
3.2.6 開機流程 38
3.3 封包傳輸相關機制 39
3.3.1 Auto Unlock機制 39
3.3.2 資料跳躍機制 40
3.3.3 Critical CMD（指令）機制 43
3.3.4 不定間隔重送機制 44
3.4 節點救援機制 45
3.4.1 Keep Alive機制 45
3.4.2 重新建網（救援）機制 46
3.5 封包格式 47
3.6 總結 50
第4章 實現成果與驗證 52
4.1 目標函數（Objective Function） 52
4.1.1 Keep Alive時間間隔 53
4.1.2 Active Time逾時時間 54
4.2 實測結果 54
4.2.1 封包大小對傳輸時間關係 55
4.2.2 遺失率（Lost Ratio）與回復時間 57
4.2.3 節點數量對總傳輸時間關係 58
4.2.4 AODV傳輸資料時間分析比較 63
4.3 實現成果 64
4.3.1 實際測試場域拓撲 65
4.3.2 控制板硬體 66
4.4 總結 68
第5章 總結 70
參考文獻 72

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