本論文使用無壓燒結下研究非計量式組成(TiO2過剩)之鈦酸鋇的微結構發展。利用XRD分析材料結晶相，藉由採用掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)和穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)等分析材料微結構特性。
根據鈦酸鋇材料在低溫燒結下(< 1332oC)可經由雙晶邊界(twin-plane reentrant edge, TPRE)、液相形成(liquid film)和部份差排(partial dislocation)，三種方式促使{111}雙晶面成長而晶粒異常變大(AGG)。在實驗中主要針對前人所提出部份差排造成雙晶面成長模式進行探討。
在無壓燒結過程中升溫至1250oC進行三種不同燒結持溫時間分別為1、4和50小時，主要在於探討{111}雙晶面最初成長階段部份差排所扮演角色。此外在持溫4小時下也針對差排存在於{111}雙晶面上之異常晶粒，和異常晶粒(具有{111}雙晶特性)與正常晶粒之界面處差排存在情形。
在實驗過程中發現具有卜格向量&#8249;110&#8250;與&#8249;112&#8250;兩種形式存在{111}雙晶面上，而並未找到卜格向量&#8249;111&#8250;。對於向量&#8249;110&#8250;而言可藉由塑性變形得到完整差排形式，也可經由向量&#8249;100&#8250;分解得到兩個向量1/2&#8249;110&#8250;部份差排形式。相對地，對於向量&#8249;110&#8250;而言可由量&#8249;110&#8250;分解得到兩個向量1/2&#8249;110&#8250;部份差排形式，即Shockley type部份差排。此外向量&#8249;112&#8250;也可由一個完整排差&#8249;112&#8250;分解得到三個部份差排1/3&#8249;112&#8250;。此外對於燒結持溫50小時下階梯狀微結構(macroscopic step)，了解當Shockley或Frank部份差排存在時晶粒成長模式。
實驗結果說明並未找到任何具Shockley或Frank部份差排形式於{111}雙晶面上，得知此類差排不易從實驗的試片中被找到。

Pressureless-sintering of non-stoichiometric barium titanate (BaTiO3) powder of TiO2-excess compositions has been investigated. Crystalline phases were analysed by X-ray diffractometry. Attention has been paid to the analysis of the corresponding sintered microstructure by adopting scanning and transmission electron microscopy.
Large plate-like grains grown abnormally containing {111} double twin lamellae are commonly found in low-temperature (1332oC) sintered BaTiO3, by presence of a liquid phase, or by twinning, or as discussed in this experiments by partial dislocations.
Samples were sintered in air at 1250oC for 1、4 and 50 h. In this respect, the emphasis is discussed about the role of the partial dislocations in the early stage of twin formation. Both analytic dislocations exist on the {111} double twin lamellae within abnormal grain and the interface between abnormal grain and normal grain.
In the experimental process, dislocation type with the Burgers vector &#8249;110&#8250; and &#8249;112&#8250; has been found except for the &#8249;111&#8250;. For the Burgers vector &#8249;110&#8250; in the perovskite structure, it is possible to envisage that edge dislocations with [100] Burgers vector can be dissociated in their climb plane ([100] → 1/2[101] + 1/2[10 ]). Moreover, the perovskite structure has been deformed form &#8249;110&#8250; dislocation (perfect dislocation). Oppositely, the [112] Burgers vector has been formed both partial dislocation type and perfect dislocation type. For sintering at 50 h, we can conjecture the grain growth mold by Shockley or Frank partial dislocation affect on the macroscopic step.
Experimental results show that Shockley and Frank partial dislocations have not been found on the {111} double twin lamellae.

論文摘要.................................................I
目錄....................................................III
圖目錄...................................................VI
表目錄...................................................XI
第 1 章 簡介 1
第 2 章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 鈣鈦礦陶瓷結構與特性 3
2.1.1 遲滯曲線(Hysteresis Loop) 6
2.2 鈦酸鋇結晶結構 7
2.2.1 正方體(tetragonal)鈦酸鋇結構 8
2.3 BaO-TiO2系統之相平衡圖 12
2.3.1 Ba6Ti17O40相 16
2.4 燒結驅動力 16
2.4.1 具{111}雙晶面晶粒成長(abnormal grain growth)機制 17
第 3 章 實驗步驟 34
3.1 BaTiO3粉末 34
3.2 BaTiO3試片的製備 35
3.3 微結構觀察和分析 35
3.3.1 x-ray繞射分析 35
3.3.2 光學顯微鏡(OM) 37
3.3.3 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡(SEM) 37
3.3.4 穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM) 38
第 4 章 實驗結果 40
4.1 X-ray繞射分析 40
4.1.1 鈦酸鋇材料的X-ray分析 40
4.2 微結構觀察 41
4.2.1 光學顯微鏡觀察 41
4.2.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察 42
4.2.3 穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察 47
第 5 章 結果討論 86
5.1雙晶面上差排扮演角色 86
5.1.1 燒結持溫4小時 87
5.1.2 燒結持溫1小時 92
5.1.3 燒結持溫50小時 93
5.2晶粒成長中TPRE扮演角色 99
第 6 章 結論 101
第 7 章 未來工作 102
參考資料 103
附錄 106
附錄1 實驗中所研究結構於JCPDS-ICDD卡之相對資料 106
附錄2 型號3010 AEM之量測規格 110
附錄3 正方相鈦酸鋇結構由[100]方向上所得立體投影圖 111
附錄4 正方相鈦酸鋇結構之標準Kikuchi電子繞射圖 112
附錄5 藉由電腦模擬所得標準繞射電子圖 113

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