本篇論文將使用金奈米粒子當作基質材料，對其修飾上不同分子，再運用金奈米粒子聚集前後的顏色變化、及其具有高消光係數與寬吸收譜帶等光電特性，發展出功能性金奈米粒子並選擇性地對溶菌酶和碘物種進行方便且快速的偵測。
第一部份、以血清蛋白修飾之金奈米粒子感測溶菌酶：本研究中，我們利用水溶性之金奈米粒子（Gold nanoparticles，AuNPs）共價鍵結上人體血清蛋白（Human serum albumin，HSA），並且將其用來檢測溶菌酶（Lysozyme，Lys）。當加入高pI點之蛋白質於HSA 修飾之AuNPs（HSA-AuNPs）時，由於靜電作用力使兩者互相吸引，進而導致NP聚集，例如Lys、α-Chymotrypsinogen A與Conalbumin皆可觀察到此現象的發生。相反地，當加入低pI點之蛋白質，如Ovalbumin、Bovine serum albumin和α-Lactalbumin，溶液中的HSA-AuNPs則依然保持分散的狀態。透過基質輔助雷射脫付游離法（Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry），我們證明HSA-AuNPs和Lys之間確實存在著作用力，且發現HSA-AuNPs聚集程度與HSA濃度相關。相當有趣地，HSA-AuNPs對於Lys的選擇性可藉由調控緩衝溶液的pH值來獲得改善。在最佳化之pH與HSA濃度條件下，可利用HSA-AuNPs於高鹽類溶液中感測到Lys，既使有其他蛋白質的pI值非常接近於Lys也不會受到干擾；此偵測系統最低可以偵測到Lys的濃度為50 nM。最後，我們藉由HSA-AuNPs定量分析雞蛋蛋白中的Lys來證明此方法的實用性。
第二部份、使用螢光試劑Fluorescein-5-Isothiocyanate修飾之金奈米粒子作為碘離子偵測器：本研究是於金奈米粒子表面，修飾上螢光分子──Fluorescence-5-isothiocyanate（FITC），利用螢光恢復的方式來選擇性地偵測溶液中「總碘離子」的濃度。FITC分子在鹼性溶液中會呈現出高強度的螢光，但當其使用Isothiocyanate官能基吸附在金奈米粒子表面時，則會使螢光被削弱。依據上述特性，當FITC-AuNPs溶液中有碘離子（I－）存在時，由於I－也會吸附於金奈米粒子上，所以會促使原先吸附於金奈米粒子上之FITC分子被迫與金奈米粒子分離，而釋放到溶液中，使得螢光被釋放出來。相較於其他鹵素族陰離子（F－、Cl－、Br－）而言，I－與金奈米粒子表面的鍵結親和力較強，因此FITC-AuNPs對陰離子來說有較好的選擇性。此外使用Ascorbic acid將IO3－還原成I－後，也成功地使用FITC-AuNPs進行偵測；在最適化的條件下，分別對I－與IO3－進行定量分析，其可偵測到的最低濃度分別為10.0和50.0 nM。此方法除了具有容易製備、選擇性高、靈敏度高、低成本的優點外，還可應用於海水中的總碘離子的偵測。

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目錄
摘要I
目錄Ⅲ
圖目錄Ⅴ
表目錄IX
縮寫對照表X
第一章、以血清蛋白修飾之金奈米粒子感測溶菌酶
壹、前言1
貳、實驗部分5
一、藥品與溶液配製5
二、儀器裝製7
三、HSA-AuNPs之合成方法9
四、以HSA-AuNPs抓取Lysozyme9
五、樣品製備10
參、結果與討論11
一、Lysozyme誘發HSA-AuNPs聚集現象的機制探討11
二、研究Lys與HSA-AuNPs之間的相互作用15
三、HSA-AuNPs的選擇性的探討22
四、HSA-AuNPs的偵測靈敏度探討及其真實樣品應用27
肆、結論34
伍、參考文獻35
第二章、使用螢光試劑Fluorescein-5-Isothiocyanate修飾之金奈米粒子作為
碘離子偵測器
壹、前言44
貳、實驗部分48
一、藥品與溶液配製48
二、FITC-AuNPs之製備48
三、儀器裝製49
四、樣品配製與前處理50
參、結果與討論52
一、AuNPs使FITC之螢光淬熄現象54
二、FITC-AuNPs偵測溶液中的I離子57
三、AuNPs濃度與pH值的影響64
四、FITC-AuNPs對陰離子選擇性的探討67
五、FITC-AuNPs對I之偵測靈敏度探討及其 真實樣品應用70
肆、結論76
伍、參考文獻77

第一章 以血清蛋白修飾之金奈米粒子感測溶菌酶
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第二章 使用螢光試劑Fluorescein-5-Isothiocyanate修飾之金奈米粒子作為碘離子偵測器
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