本論文利用Polyvinylcarbazole(PVK)摻雜C60之光導電膜在照射激發光後，所引致放電並減低內部電場屏蔽效應之特性，以垂直配向負型液晶，並搭配近似高斯分佈之激發光源照射此光導電膜，使得光導電膜產生圓對稱的導電率梯度。在施加電壓下，液晶樣品內的電場強度呈現梯度分佈，因此液晶層折射率便產生梯度變化因而形成梯度折射率透鏡。
藉由改變供給樣品的直流電壓或改變激發光源的強度梯度分佈，便能調整液晶層的作用範圍及折射率的分佈，使液晶層的排列方式有所變化以達成光控或電控液晶透鏡焦距的效果。

The thesis presents the study of a liquid crystal lens based on photoconductive layer which is fabricated by Polyvinylcarbazole(PVK) thin film doped with C60.
With the pump beam irradiating on a photoconductive layer, the conductivity will be increased and directly proportional to the intensity of the pump beam. By changing the distribution of the pump beam intensity or varying the applied dc voltages, it will be able to affect the active areas of driven liquid crystals and the gradient refractive index of liquid crystal layer. Through the above approaches to alter the arrangement of the liquid crystals, an optically and electrically tunable liquid crystal lens can be obtained.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖次 viii
表次 xii
第一章 簡介 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 液晶簡介 2
1-2-1 何謂液晶 2
1-2-2 液晶的分類 3
1-3 液晶物理 6
1-3-1液晶分子排列的秩序參數 6
1-3-2液晶的光學異向性(Optical Anisotropic) 7
1-3-3 液晶的介電異向性( dielectric anisotropic, Δε ) 9
1-3-4液晶的彈性連續體理論 10
第二章 基本理論 12
2-1 GRIN Lens 導論 12
2-2 GRIN Lens 種類 13
2-3 GRIN Lens 理論推導 16
2-4 光導體與光敏感劑作用理論 22
2-4-1 光導電性(photoconductivity) 22
2-4-2 聚乙烯咔唑(Polyvinylcarbazole, PVK) 22
2-4-3 摻雜C60之聚乙烯咔唑光導體 24
2-4-4 聚乙烯咔唑與C60的相互作用機制 24
2-4-5 光引致導電高分子之導電機制 27
2-5 聚光干涉術(Conoscopy) 29
第三章 樣品製作與實驗架設 32
3-1 材料介紹 32
3-1-1 液晶材料參數 32
3-1-2 PVK材料參數 33
3-1-3 光敏劑(C60) 33
3-1-4 垂直配向膜(DMOAP) 34
3-2 藥品配置及樣品製作 35
3-2-1 玻璃基板的裁切及清洗 35
3-2-2 PVK摻C60(99.9:0.1wt%)之配置 35
3-2-3 DMOAP垂直配向液之配置 36
3-2-4 樣品製作流程 36
3-3 實驗架設 38
3-3-1 液晶盒厚度量測 38
3-3-2 液晶透鏡焦距量測 39
3-3-3 聚光干涉環影像圖量測 39
3-3-4 穿透光強與電壓之關係量測 41
第四章 實驗結果與討論 42
4-1 PVK摻C60之光引致導電材料應用於液晶透鏡之研究 42
4-2 有摩擦配向之光導膜應用於液晶透鏡之應用 44
4-2-1 液晶透鏡之電壓控制焦距之研究 45
4-2-2 液晶透鏡之激發光控制焦距之研究 47
4-2-3 液晶透鏡之干涉環影像圖 49
4-2-4 液晶透鏡之偏振依賴性 51
4-2-5 穿透光強與外加電壓之關係量測 52
4-3 無摩擦配向之光導膜應用於液晶透鏡之研究 53
4-3-1 液晶透鏡之激發光控制焦距之研究 53
4-3-2 液晶透鏡之偏振依賴性 54
第五章 總結與未來展望 57
5-1 總結 57
5-2 未來工作與展望 57
參考文獻 59

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