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博碩士論文 etd-0707114-154947 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0707114-154947
論文名稱
Title
大型太陽能熱水系統具臥式儲熱槽之系統性能研究
Numerical Simulation Study for the Performance of a Large Solar Hot Water System with Horizontal Storage Tank
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
111
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2014-06-27
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2014-08-07
關鍵字
Keywords
熱分層、臥式儲熱槽、大型太陽能熱水系統、數值模擬
Solar hot water system, numerical simulation, thermal stratification, horizontal storage tank
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5664 次,被下載 794
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5664 times, has been downloaded 794 times.
中文摘要
為了解決溫室效應與環境汙染問題,開發再生能源成為主要議題,其中以太陽能源應用最受矚目,但礙於現今太陽能應用科技能力尚未成熟到能取代石化燃料與核能,故如何提升能源運用效率減少能源消耗成為首先需面對的問題;大型太陽能熱水系統相關文獻多數只考慮儲熱槽本身並未考慮整體系統效能,相關實驗研究數據又有條件限制,影響廠商設計參考依據,因此本研究以數值模擬整體大型太陽能熱水系統,供相關產業研究與參考。
本研究使用ANSYS-CFX模擬三維臥式儲熱槽內部流場與溫度分布,並結合TRNSYS以台灣地區(台北、台中、高雄)之氣象資料進行模擬整體大陽能熱水系統之運作,探討儲熱槽內部加裝隔板數量、型式與直立式和臥式不同,計算太陽能月負荷比(f)與太陽能年負荷比(F)。藉此比較因儲熱槽設計參數不同對於整體系統效能影響。
本模擬研究結果發現太陽能月負荷比及年負荷比隨著隔板數增加而上升,並且使儲熱槽內部具有熱分層效果。而臥式與直立式儲熱槽之比較,由模擬數據顯示:擺放方式並非影響系統性能的主要原因。有助於改善太陽能熱水系統之性能,提高系統之效率,減少碳排放。
Abstract
For solving the problems of global warming and environmental pollution, renewable energy has become the most important issue in recent years, especially the solar energy. Improving the efficiency of the solar energy application technology is imperative.
This research addresses the effects of the storage tank design parameters on the performance of a large-scale solar water heating system. Most literatures only considered the stratification performance of the thermal storage tank itself instead of considering the overall system performance. Also, there is lack of experimental research data available for the design purpose. Therefore, this study employs a numerical simulation technique to study the design parameters effect of a horizontal thermal storage tank on the performance of a large-scale solar water heating system.
In this study, the ANSYS-CFX program is employed to calculate the flow and temperature distributions inside horizontal thermal storage tank. Then the inlets and outlets of the tank are combined with the TRNSYS program to simulate the entire system performance under the weather of three representative cities of Taiwan, (Taipei, Taichung and, Kaohsiung) the results of the present study indicate that the stratification baffles in the tank have important effects on system performance improvement. Quantitative increase of solar fraction of the total load is obtained. The comparison with the system with vertical storage tank is provided.
The results of the present study can provide important reference for the large solar hot water system design in improving system efficiency.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 x
符號說明 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1-1. 前言 1
1-2. 太陽能熱水系統 2
1-3. 文獻回顧 3
1-4. 研究動機與目標 6
第二章 系統原件之理論分析與數學模式 12
2-1. 基本假設與研究方法 12
2-2. 物理模型 12
2-3. 儲熱槽之基本假設 13
2-4. 儲熱槽之統御方程式 13
2-5. 平板集熱器 15
2-6. 邊界條件 16
2-7. TRNSYS集熱板系統設計條件 17
2-8. 模擬軟體之運算方法 17
第三章 數值方法 27
3-1. 網格測試 27
3-2. SIMPLEC 數值方法 27
3-3. 太陽能負荷比(Solar Fraction) 28
3-4. TRNSYS16動態系統程式簡介 29
3-5. TMY2 (台灣平均氣象年資料) 30
第四章 結果與討論 33
4-1. 臥式儲熱槽取負荷時間與隔板數量、型式測試計算 33
4-2. 隔板數量影響熱水進入儲存槽之比較 34
4-3. 隔板數量影響冷水進入儲存槽之比較 35
4-4. 隔板數量與多個儲存槽對太陽能之月負荷比之影響 36
4-5. 因地區天氣型態之儲存槽系統模擬 36
4-6. 儲熱槽對太陽能年負荷比影響 37
4-7. 臥式儲存槽與立式儲存槽之系統模擬 37
第五章 結論與未來展望 93
5-1. 結論 93
參考文獻 95
參考文獻 References
[1] Yaïci, W., Ghorab, E., Entchev, E. and Hayden, S. "Three-dimensional unsteady CFD simulations of a thermal storage tank performance for optimum design." Applied Thermal Engineering60,1 (2013): 152-163.
[2] Castell, A., Medrano, M., Solé, C. and Cabeza, L.F. "Dimensionless numbers used to characterize stratification in water tanks for discharging at low flow rates." Renewable Energy 35,10 (2010): 2192-2199.
[3] Savicki, D. L., Vielmo, H. A. and Krenzinger, A. "Three-dimensional analysis and investigation of the thermal and hydrodynamic behaviors of cylindrical storage tanks." Renewable Energy 36,5 (2011): 1364-1373.
[4] Johannes, K., Fraisse, G., Achard, G. and Rusaouën, G. "Comparison of solar water tank storage modelling solutions," Solar Energy, vol. 79 (2005), pp. 216-218.
[5] Shah, L. J. and Furbo, S. "Entrance effects in solar storage tanks," Solar Energy, vol. 75(2003), pp. 337-348.
[6] Altuntop, N., Arslan, M., Ozceyhan, V. and Kanoglu, M. "Effect of obstacles on thermal stratification in hot water storage tanks," Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 25 (2005), pp. 2285-2298.
[7] Rhee, J., Campbell, A., Mariadass, A. and Morhous, B. "Temperature stratification from thermal diodes in solar hot water storage tank," Solar Energy, vol. 84 (2010), pp. 507-511.
[8] Gao, W., Liu, T., Lin, W. and Luo, C. "Numerical Study on Mixing Characteristics of hot Water inside the Storage Tank of a Solar System with Different Inlet Velocities of the Supply Cold Water, "Procedia Environmental Sciences, vol. 11 (2011), pp. 1153-1163

[9] Shue, N. S. "Numerical simulation of Large Solar Hot Water system in storage tank," NSYSU, Master Thesis (2012).
[10] Kuan, Y. C. "Numerical simulation study for the performance of a multi-tank large solar hot water system" NSYSU, Master Thesis(2013).
[11] Su, C. Y. " Numerical simulation study for the performance of a Large Solar Hot Water System with a Stratification Storage Tank for Various Load time" NSYSU, Master Thesis (2013).
[12] Quasching, V. "Technology Fundamentals Solar Thermal Water Heating" Renewable Energy World, vol. 6 (2003),pp. 109-113.
[13] 國立成功大學能源中心-財團法人成大研究發展基金會. http://solar.rsh.ncku.edu.tw/t01_kind.php
[14] 黃文雄, 太陽能之應用與理論,協志工業叢書,(2000).
[15] 經濟部能源局. http://web3.moeaboe.gov.tw/.
[16] Patankar, S. V. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow (1980).
[17] Duffie, J. A. and Beckman, W. A. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes (2006).
[20] National Solar Radiation data Base, http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/
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