為提升含風力機組微電網倂聯容量及供電可靠度，本文針對含風力發電機之台電實際配電系統，考慮兩種可行之併聯方案：ㄧ是於固定轉速風力發電機組輸出端倂聯靜態同步補償器(Static Synchronous Compensator, STATCOM)，用以維持配電饋線端電壓，以探討當鄰近配電饋線發生故障時，STATCOM之補償效益；另ㄧ則是利用Matlab/Simulink內建之雙饋式風力發電機模擬其孤島運轉之可行性，並且根據風機及敏感性負載之低電壓容忍曲線及其故障臨界清除時間，決定此饋線與配電系統之解聯時機，以確保風力發電機不致因系統故障而導致跳脫，找出一套適應性卸載策略，針對當時風速及饋線負載量進行卸載，使風機轉速能夠迅速恢復正常運轉，並維持饋線孤島運轉。為驜證所提方法對於改善含風機之配電系統孤島運轉之解聯時機與卸載策略，本論文選擇台電實際配電系統進行電腦模擬，確認配電系統發生故障後，藉由STATCOM及解聯與適應性卸載系統保護電譯之設定，可避免風力機組及主要負載於系統故障時，造成跳機現象，而有效提升配電系統供電可靠度。

To increase the allowable capacity of wind generation and system reliability of distribution system for islanding operation, an actual Taipower feeder has been selected for computer simulation. The voltage enhancement of distribution feeders with fixed speed wind generator has been obtained by using the static synchronous compensator(STATCOM). The model of
Doubly-Fed induction generator(DFIG) in Matlab/Simulink has also been applied in the feasibility study of islanding operation for Taipower feeder. The critical clearing time of fault contingency is solved by considering the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of wind generators (WG) and the CBEMA curve of sensitive loads. In this way, feeder circuit breaker(CB) can be tripped in time to achieve islanding operation of distribution feeders without causing the tripping of WG due to voltage disturbance for the system fault contingency. To restore the stable operation of distribution feeders after being isolated from the rest of the power system, an adaptive load shedding scheme has been presented to disconnect the proper amount of system loading to achieve the balance of wind power generation and load demand according to the variations of feeder load profile and wind speed. It is found that system voltage sag problem due to severe fault contingency can be mitigated effectively by using the STATCOM for the support of low voltage ride through capability of WG. With the proper design of protection relay settings for feeder CB tripping and load shedding scheme, the WG and critical loads can be prevented from tripping during transient disturbance to ensure the successful islanding operation of distribution system.

論文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 x

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景動機與目的 1
1.2 研究概要與章節簡述 3
第二章 分散式電源 5
2.1 分散式電源對電力系統之影響 6
2.2 風力發電發展現況 13
2.3 風能轉換系統 18
2.3.1 風力發電原理 21
2.3.2 葉片轉子 23
2.3.3 傳動鏈、變速箱 26
2.4 固定轉速風力發電機組 27
2.5 雙饋式風力發電機組 32
2.5.1 雙饋式風力發電機運轉原理 33
2.5.2 轉子側電力轉換器之控制 35
2.5.3 電網側電力轉換器之控制 37
2.5.4 葉片角度控制系統 38
第三章 靜態同步補償器 39
3.1 彈性交流輸電系統(FACTS) 39
3.2 靜態同步補償器(STATCOM) 43
3.2.1 STATCOM工作原理 43
3.2.2 STATCOM數學模型 44
3.2.3 STATCOM控制模型 48
3.2.4 STATCOM V-I特性曲線 50
第四章 含風力發電機組之配電饋線運轉分析 52
4.1 配電饋線系統架構 52
4.2 配電饋線解聯時機 55
4.2.1 風機低電壓忍受曲線 55
4.2.2 風力發電機組之故障臨界清除時間 56
4.3 敏感性負載之電壓驟降忍受能力 63
第五章 含風力發電機組之配電饋線孤島運轉分析 65
5.1 配電饋線卸載策略 65
5.2 含固定轉速風力發電機之配電饋線孤島運轉分析 67
5.3 含雙饋式風力發電機之配電饋線孤島運轉分析 71
第六章 結論及未來研究方向 76
6.1 結論 76
6.2 未來研究方向 78
參考文獻 79

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