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博碩士論文 etd-0711101-182403 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0711101-182403
論文名稱
Title
大鵬灣碳及營養鹽之生地化作用及通量研究
Biogeochemical Processes and Fluxes of Carbon and Nutrients in the Tapong Bay
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
156
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2001-05-29
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2001-07-11
關鍵字
Keywords
通量、初級生產力、營養鹽、碳、生地化作用、大鵬灣
nutrients, fluxes, Tapong Bay, primary production, carbon, biogeochemical processes
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
本研究在於探討台灣西南沿岸大鵬灣碳及營養鹽之生地化作用及其通量研究,以了解其在近岸海域之生地化循環中所扮演之角色以及陸源輸入對潟湖生態環境之影響程度。由於大鵬灣是一半封閉性的囊狀潟湖,承受緊臨地區污水排放,以及灣內養蚵及箱網養殖的人為影響且只有一出海口,灣內外水體的交換能力差,平均滯留時間約為10.6天。因此內灣底水經常呈現低氧狀況,與台灣另一潟湖—七股潟湖呈現明顯對比。本研究結果顯示大鵬灣碳及營養鹽及其他水文化學參數之季節性變化甚大,其水體中氮、磷含量高且似為一磷過剩之水體。因此藻類生長的季節性變化,主要受到水溫、日射量及透光度影響,而未受限於氮、磷含量。另由顆粒態有機碳氮比得知大鵬灣有機碳主要應由生物源所提供。由於水體分層明顯,沈積物釋出營養鹽亦是水體中營養鹽的重要來源,由大鵬灣沈積物孔隙水擴散進入底層水之通量估算出DIN約佔平均輸入量的7.6%,DIP約佔1.0%。而大鵬灣水體具有明顯鈣化現象
,顯示牡蠣養殖造成大鵬灣碳循環的改變。利用生地化模式推演大鵬灣內物質之通量顯示大鵬灣全年平均淨有機碳生成量約5.80 mole C m-2 yr-1,為自營性系統且是碳的貯匯場所。短期24小時連續觀測之淨有機碳生成量(-ΔDICo)約為6.65 mole C m-2 d-1,與系統中估算出之NEP(Net Ecosystem Production)約為 6.29 mole C m-2 d-1結果相近。 因此在觀測期間大鵬灣為一自營性系統,而大鵬灣之固氮作用較脫氮作用顯著,全年淨固氮量(nfix-denit)約為1.30 mole m-2 yr-1。由大鵬灣與七股潟湖之生地化作用、營養鹽與碳通量等之比較,結果顯示兩者之差異甚大,顯示陸源輸入與海水交換良劣影響潟湖生態環境甚巨。
Abstract
This study aims to understand the role of the Tapong Bay on carbon biogeochemical cycle in the coastal zone and the influence of terrigenous inputs on ecosystem functioning in the Tapong Bay. The Tapong Bay is a semi-enclosed lagoon, occupied largely by fish farming cages and oyster culture racks. There is only one tidal inlet for exchanging water between the Tapong Bay and Taiwan Strait, which results in a low water exchange rate and oxygen deficient condition in the bottom water of the inner bay. The annual mean of water exchange time is about 10.6 days that is much longer than that in the Chiku Lagoon (5.8 days). Experimental results show that biological activity and variations of hydrochemistry primarily control the distributions of carbon and nutrients. Excess of DIP likely occurred in the Tapong Bay. Seasonal variations of primary productivity are apparently controlled by temperature, solar radiation and turbidity. The regression slope between particulate organic carbon and nitrogen approaches the Redfield ratio, indicating that organic carbon is derived primarily from biological production. The stratification of water column in the Tapong Bay was observed throughout the year. Diffusion from sediment may thus contribute significantly to nutrient distributions in bottom water. Diffusion flux estimated from porewater to bottom water is about 7.6% of annual mean input for DIN and is about 1.0% for DIP. Calcification process was observed in the Tapong Bay indicating that the oyster culture would affect the carbon budget in the bay. The annual mean production rate of organic carbon estimated from the biogeochemical model is about 5.80 mole C m-2 yr-1, implying that the Tapong Bay is an autotrophic system. The net ecosystem production (NEP) derived from diel observation is about 6.29 mmole C m-2 d-1 that is closed to 6.65 mmole C m-2 d-1 estimated from the biogeochemical modeling. The annual nitrogen fixation exceeds the annual denitrification [(nfix-denit)=1.30 mole m-2 yr-1] in the Tapong Bay. Carbon biogeochemical fluxes and budgets differ significantly between the Tapong Bay and the Chiku Lagoon, which may be arisen from pronounced difference in terrigenous inputs and seawater exchange rates.
目次 Table of Contents
誌謝…………………………………………………………………I
中文摘要……………………………………………………………II
英文摘要……………………………………………………………III
目錄…………………………………………………………………IV
圖目錄………………………………………………………………V
表目錄………………………………………………………………VI
第一章 前言……………………………………………………1
第二章 研究區域………………………………………………4
2-1 地理環境特徵…………………………………4
2-2 人文環境特徵…………………………………4
第三章 材料及方法……………………………………………8
3-1 採樣位置及方法………………………………8
3-2 實驗方法………………………………………9
3-3 大鵬灣內物質之進出通量……………………21
第四章 結果與討論……………………………………………30
4-1 大鵬灣基本水文資料之分佈及季節變化……30
4-2 大鵬灣之滯留時間及海水交換量……………39
4-3 營養鹽之分佈及季節變化……………………39
4-4 總懸浮顆粒物質濃度與顆粒態有機碳、氮之
分佈及季節變化………………………………55
4-5 營養鹽、葉綠素a、顆粒態有機碳及總懸浮
顆粒物質濃度與基本水文特性之關係………60
4-6 溶解態有機碳、氮、磷之分佈及季節變化…64
4-7 溶解態無機碳與總鹼度之關係………………66
4-8 大鵬灣之日夜變化機制………………………74
4-9 大鵬灣沈積物孔隙水中與底層水中之進出
通量……………………………………………78
4-10 大鵬灣碳、氮、磷之輸出入通量及有機碳
淨生成量……………………………………88
4-11 大鵬灣與七股潟湖之比較…………………95
第五章 結論……………………………………………………102
參考文獻……………………………………………………………104
中文部分………………………………………………104
英文部分………………………………………………105
附錄一 ……………………………………………………………109
附錄二 ……………………………………………………………115
附錄三 ……………………………………………………………121
附錄四 ……………………………………………………………139
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