光學量測是現今科技重要一環，為準確性量測大都以光學干涉作為方法，本論文是研究液晶層之光電特性，應用於相位偏移干涉儀來提高量測的準確性。
一般的干涉儀必須呈現清晰的干涉條紋圖形、數目、間距、中心條紋，近幾年發展出改良型干涉儀-相位偏移干涉儀，此種干涉儀不需計算條紋間距、數目與整個中心條紋的出現，目前干涉儀的參考相位反射鏡大都是以機械式方法來做推移，本文中以液晶層來取代機械裝置，再加入電壓來控制液晶層，利用電壓控制液晶層所造成之誤差遠小於機械式造成的誤差，因此大幅提高量測的正確性。
本文研究，不同厚度液晶層在交流與直流的情況下的液晶層光學特性，以及何種條件下液晶層表現會比較穩定，適合應用於干涉儀中。

Optical measurement is a very important science in present times. Generally, optical interference is applied in precise measuring. In this thesis, we use the opto-electric properties of liquid-crystal layers and the phase-shifting shearing interferometer will be applied.

Clear patterns should be figured when measuring optical properties traditional interferometers. A new interferometer called phase-shifting shearing interferometer was developed recently. It is not necessary to appear clear patterns in measurements.

In application to this interferometer, the phase information got by way of shifting the reference lens that can control phase differences. Phase controlled in thus method is mostly by the step motor or the PZT installation. Now we replace this installation by liquid-crystal layers since the accuracy of liquid-crystal layers controlled by voltage is better than the mechanical installation. The measuring precision is improved wide.

In this paper, we study the optical properties under the application both DC and AC voltage to a series of thickness of the liquid-crystal layer, and the suitable condition of liquid-crystal layers to apply to the phase-shifting shearing interferometer.

中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
圖目錄
表目錄
第一章 導論-----------------------------------------------1
1-1 動機----------------------------------------------1
1-2 液晶簡介------------------------------------------2
1-2-1液晶由來與發展-------------------------------2
1-2-2 液晶狀態與分類-------------------------------2
1-2-3 分子排列的秩序參數--------------------------7
1-3 干涉儀簡介----------------------------------------9

第二章 原理----------------------------------------------11
2-1 相位偏移干涉儀原理-------------------------------11
2-2 液晶物理-----------------------------------------13
2-2-1 液晶光學各方異向性-------------------------13
2-2-2 外加場對液晶的影響-------------------------16
2-3 實驗原理-----------------------------------------19

第三章 實驗裝置------------------------------------------23
3-1 材料介紹-----------------------------------------23
3-2 樣品製作-----------------------------------------24
3-3 實驗裝置與步驟-----------------------------------28
第四章 實驗結果與分析------------------------------------30
4-1 ITO穿透率----------------------------------------30
4-2 在交流電下液晶層的變化(正入射)--------------------------------31
4-3 在交流電下液晶層的變化分析(正入射)----------------90
4-4 在直流電下液晶層的變化(正入射)--------------------96

第五章 結論與未來發展------------------------------------97
5-1 結論---------------------------------------------97
5-2 未來發展----------------------------------------100

參考文獻------------------------------------------------103

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