在全球化及知識經濟時代之發展下，雖時空距離縮小，社經活動阻隔降低，但區域空間是否已如預期呈現空間無差異現象？區域空間因素對經濟發展的重要性是否改變？許多經濟活動特別是研發創新活動，至今仍需賴面對面溝通，空間之鄰近性仍有助於技術分享及交易成本降低。而觀察知識經濟所依賴的創新活動仍高度強調空間鄰近性、地方化學習網絡與面對面互動等特性，均使得相關高科技產業群聚現象的戲碼仍在世界各地不斷上演。
本研究為解答以上疑惑，除對產業聚集經濟理論及實證研究進行回顧與檢討外，並以台灣地區各縣市為空間分析單元，以近二十年來發布之工商與服務業普查資料，進行實證分析，以探究科技產業廠商群聚與創新之關係。本研究先以文獻研究及OLS方法探討科技產業群聚之可能影響因素及其創新成效影響變數。另在科技產業聚集度可能影響產業創新及也可能受創新產出的影響之假設下，即假設台灣科技產業的群聚與創新產出兩變數間並非互相獨立而是相互影響之內生變數，採二階段最小平方法（2SLS）以探討台灣地區科技產業的群聚與創新產出之間的關係。實證結果顯示科技產業群聚與創新產出間，確實呈顯著且互為正向影響關係，隱示科技產業之聚集因存在聚集經濟利益，導致此聚集現象之形成，而科技產業群聚復因有助於產業創新成效，致有加速產業群聚之效果。
本研究實證結果並發現，台灣地區科技產業有顯著之MAR專業化動態外部經濟存在，隱含地區科技產業越是專業化聚集，愈有助於該地區科技產業之就業成長。科技產業有顯著之Porter地方競爭動態外部經濟效果，科技產業的競爭越激烈越可以帶動地方科技產業的成長。科技產業同時存在顯著的人力資本動態外部經濟現象，顯示地區內人口平均教育程度愈高，或愈接近科研單位 (中心) 及學術研究基地，愈有助於地區科技產業之發展與成長。
顯然產業群聚之聚集經濟力量，一方面是都市形成或經濟活動之空間集中的主要原因，它同時是促進產業創新加速都市發展的動力，基此，本研究建議政府的空間規劃應如何順勢利用此空間聚集力量，以擴大群聚效果，加速區域知識資本累積，應是未來都市產業空間規劃的重要議題。

With globalization and knowledge economy, although distance between spaces and obstacles to social and economic activities are reduced, does variation of space not exist in regional space anymore? Has effect of regional space on economic development changed? Many economic activities, especially research and development, still rely on face-to-face communication, but geographical link is still beneficial to technology sharing and decrease in cost. It’s observed that research and development that knowledge economy relies on still emphasizes geographical link, localization of learning networks, and face-to-face communication, so clustering of high-tech industry is still popular in the world.
In order to solve the abovementioned questions, this research reviews and discusses the theory and research of clustering economy, and analyzes the relationship between clustering of high-tech industry and innovation on the basis of Taiwan’s cities or counties with last twenty’s survey of industrial, business, and service industries. This research discusses effect on clustering of technology industry and its innovative variants. In addition, it’s hypothesized that clustering level of technology industry and innovation of industry are interfacing with each other, in other words, it’s hypothesized that variants as Taiwan’s technology industry and innovation are interfacing with each other instead of being independent. The relationship between clustering of Taiwan’s technology industry and innovation is investigated by 2SLS. The result shows that clustering of technology industry and innovative production have positive correlation, that is to say, clustering of technology industry is beneficial, and it’s also beneficial to innovation of industry, so clustering of industry speeds up.
Results of this research show that technology industry on this island has notable MAR professional dynamic external economics, implying that the more professional clustered one region’s technology industry is, the more beneficial to one region’s professional growth of technology industry is. The more noticeable Porter regional competitive dynamic external economic effect on technology industry is, the more competitive a technology industry is, and the more prevalent one region’s technology is. Technology industry has noticeable human resource dynamic external economics, showing that the better educational background of one region’s population is, the more growth of one region’s technology industry will be.
Clustering industry of agglomeration economy is the primary reason of formation of cities or space centering of economic activities, and it motivates innovation of an industry and development of a city. This research suggests that government should take advantage of clustering knowledge capital of space to multiply effect of clustering and knowledge capital to do space management in terms of future urban space management.

第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.1.1 研發創新的重要性 1
1.1.2 產業聚集創新現象與其重要性 2
1.1.3 產業聚集創新對地區發展之影響 3
1.2 研究目的 5
1.3 研究範圍 7
1.3.1 空間分析單元 7
1.3.2 實證研究期間界定 8
1.4 研究方法與內容 9
1.4.1 研究方法 9
1.4.2 研究內容與流程 10
第2章 文獻回顧 15
2.1 產業聚集創新外部效果相關理論探討 15
2.1.1 產業聚集經濟理論 16
2.1.2 產業聚集創新外部效果 18
2.1.3 小結 24
2.2 科技產業群聚影響因素探討 25
2.2.1 產業群聚理論發展 26
2.2.2 科技產業群聚現象與成因 29
2.2.3 小結 34
2.3 區域創新氛圍理論 36
2.3.1 創新的定義與範圍 36
2.3.2 產品創新之衡量指標及量化標準 38
2.3.3 地區環境因素對區域創新成效影響因素之探討 41
2.3.4 小結 47
第3章 台灣地區科技產業空間發展與區域創新分析 51
3.1 本研究科技產業定義與說明 51
3.1.1 科技產業之定義 51
3.1.2 台灣對科技產業定義之演變過程 56
3.1.3 科技產業之定義範圍 59
3.2 台灣科技產業空間結構分布與變遷 66
3.2.1 台灣科技產業的空間分布與變遷 66
3.2.2 台灣科技產業的空間發展型態與變遷 71
3.3 科技產業創新產出及區域創新環境結構分析 78
3.3.1 台灣地區科技產業創新產出分析 78
3.3.2 台灣地區技術創新環境與設施因素 85
3.4科技產業群聚分析發展與衡量 92
第4章 科技產業聚集與創新關係模式建立 101
4.1 模型建立 101
4.1.1 科技產業聚集創新外部效果模型 101
4.1.2 科技產業聚集影響因素 108
4.1.3 影響區域創新成效之因素 112
4.2　研究方法說明 116
第5章 實證結果分析與討論 123
5.1 科技產業聚集創新動態外部性實證分析 123
5.2 科技產業群聚影響因素實證分析 128
5.3 區域創新產出影響因素實證分析 132
5.4 重要變數特性分析 137
第6章 結論與建議 143
6.1 結論 143
6.2 建議 147
6.3 研究限制與後續研究建議 151
參考文獻 153
附錄一 研究模型變數代號與定義………..………………….….……..……………165
附錄二 索引……………………………..………………….………..……………….166

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