本文旨在研究奈米複合材料APC-2積層板在高溫環境中承受等應力振幅之拉伸-拉伸(T-T)疲勞作用後的機械特性與壽命之探討。從基本測試中已證明了最佳的SiO2二氧化矽奈米微粒添加於積層板層間之含量比例為總重量的1%。首先進行單一方向疊序之最佳化奈米複材積層板之相關實驗，包括[0]16、[30]16、[45]16、[60]16及[90]16之靜態拉伸實驗，以及[0]16、[45]16及[90]16之室溫疲勞實驗，所得到極限強度及彈性模數等實驗結果，均有明顯之改進，之後嘗試以複合材料力學之理論基礎：混合理論(Rule of Mixtures)與實驗結果作比較，如此計算所得之十字疊與類似均向疊之理論預測值，其與實際結果之誤差最多在25％以下，對於具非等向性、基材與加強纖維強度差距大的複合材料而言，如此的結果應屬尚可接受；另外對於十字疊及類似均向疊的高溫疲勞實驗，將所得之實驗數據繪製成應力與疲勞振次之關係圖，縱軸為施於試片之最大應力除以室溫下的極限強度之比值，即無因次化的應力座標，橫軸為疲勞振次之對數值。結果所得之擬合S-N曲線圖皆依溫度從室溫(RT)增加至150oC的順序由上到下排列。但是若將圖形中縱軸座標改為以施於試片之最大負載應力除以該溫度下之極限強度的比值來表示時，則S-N圖形之趨勢恰為相反，變為從室溫(RT)增加至150oC的順序由下到上排列。此結果具有重大意義為奈米複合材料積層板的此兩種疊層，在高溫環境中抗疲勞特性皆會有明顯的增強。

The fatigue response of mechanical properties and life due to constant stress amplitude tension-tension(T-T)cyclic loading at elevated temperature in nanocomposite APC-2 laminates was investigated. From the basic testing the total amount of 1% by weight of SiO2 spreaded in the interfaces was proved optimally. Related experiments on unidirectional nanocomposite APC-2 laminates were completed, including static tension tests in [0]16、[30]16、[45]16、[60]16 and [90]16 and T-T cyclic tests in [0]16、[45]16 and [90]16 specimens at room temperature. After obtaining experimental data, such as ultimate strength and elastic modulus, which were found improved significantly, and then comparing with the basic theory of mechanics of composites, rule of mixtures was adopted to estimate the properties of cross-ply and quasi-isotropic nanocomposite APC-2 laminates and found the largest errors were within 25%. In the consideration of heterogeneous and anisotropic properties of the matrix and the reinforced fibers in nature, the results are reasonably acceptable. On the other hand, the S-N curves according to the experimental data of the fatigue tests were plotted. The vertical axis shows the nondimensional stress level, i.e., the applied maximum stress normalized by ultimate strength at room temperature, and the horizontal axis represents the logarithm of applied cycles. The S-N curves at room and elevated temperatures were also expressed by curve fitting from top to bottom as temperature increasing from RT to 150℃ for both cross-ply and quasi-isotropic nanocomposite laminates. However, when applied maximum stress was normalized by the corresponding ultimate strength, the positions of S-N curves were reverse, i.e., the curves were shown from bottom to top as temperature increasing from RT to 150℃. That strongly hints us the resistance to fatigue at elevated temperature in both lay-ups of nanocomposite laminates is indeed significantly improved.

目錄 ………………………………………………………………..I
表目錄 ………………………………………………………………III
圖目錄 ………………………………………………………………Ⅴ
摘要 …………………………………………………………………X
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………ΧI
第一章 緒論 ……………………………………………………….1
1-1前言 …………………………………………………….1
1-2材料簡介 ……………………………………………….2
1-2-1 複合材料概述 …………………………………….2
1-2-2 奈米材料性質簡介 ……………………………….2
1-2-3 奈米複合材料簡介 ……………………………….4
1-3 研究方向 ………………………………………………4
1-4 文獻回顧 ………………………………………………6
1-5組織與章節 …………………………………………….7
第二章 實驗工作 ………………………………………………….10
2-1實驗材料簡介 ………………………………………….10
2-2 儀器設備 ………………………………………………10
2-3 奈米複材積層板之製程 ………………………………11
2-3-1 熱壓前複材預浸布之處理過程 ………………...11
2-3-2 將複材預浸布熱壓成積層板 …………………...12
2-4 試片製作與分組 ……………………………………....13
2-5 拉伸與疲勞實驗 ……………………………………....14
2-6 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡實驗……………………………….15
第三章 實驗結果 …………………………………………………25
3-1靜態拉伸實驗 …………………………………………..25
3-2疲勞實驗 ………………………………………………..27
3-3電子顯微鏡觀察 ………………………………………..30
3-4破壞機制觀察 …………………………………………..30
第四章 分析與討論 ………………………………………………69
4-1 SiO2奈米微粒對複材機械性能之影響 ………………..69
4-1-1在極限強度與彈性模數方面 ……………………...69
4-1-2在疲勞強度方面 …………………………………...72
4-2破壞模式之探討…………………………………………74
第五章 結論與未來展望…………………………………………..79
5-1結論 ……………………………………………………..79
5-2建議 ……………………………………………………..80
5-3未來展望 ………………………………………………..81
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………82

1.周森, ”複合材料-奈米、生物科技”, 全威出版社, 2002年.
2.M. H. Jen, Y. C. Tseng, C. H. Wu “Manufacturing and Mechanical Response of Nanocomposite Laminates”, Composite Science and Technology, Vol.65, 2005, p.775-779.
3.J. Sandler, P. Werner, Milo S.P. Shaffer, V. Demchuk, V. Altstadt, and A.H. Windle “Carbon-nanofibre-reinforced poly (ether ether ketone) composites”, Composites Part A, Vol. 33, 2002, p.1033-1039.
4.J. Zeng, B. Saltysiak, W.S. Johnson, David A. Schiraldi, S. Kumar “Processing and properties of poly (methyl methacrylate) carbon nano fiber composites”, Composites Part B, Vol.35, 2004, p.173-178.
5.Q.H. Wang, J. Xu, W. Shen, ”The effect of nanometer SiC filler on the tribological behavior of PEEK ”,Wear, Vol.209, 1997, p.316-321.
6.Q.H. Wang, J. Xu, W. Shen, W. Liu, ”An investigation of the friction and wear properties of nanometer Si3N4 filled PEEK”, Wear, Vol.196, 1996, p.82-86.
7.Q.H. Wang, Q.J. Xue, W.M. Liu, J.M. Chen ”Tribological characteristics of nanometer Si3N4 filled poly(ether ether ketone) under distilled water lubrication” Journal of Appiled Polymer Science, Vol.79,p.1394-1400.
8.Q.H. Wang, Q. Xue, W. Shen, J. Xu, ” The effect of particle size of nanometer ZrO2 on the tribological behavior of PEEK”,Wear,Vol.198,1996,p.216-219.
9.Q.H. Wang, Q. Xue, W.M. Liu,J. M. Chen,”The friction and wear characteristics of nanometer SiC and polytetrafluoroethylene filled polyetheretherketone”,Wear,Vol.243,2000,p.140-146.
10.Q.J. Xue, Q.H. Wang, “Wear mechanisms of polyetheretherketone composites filled with various kinds of SiC”, Wear, Vol.213,1997,p.54-58.
11.Kim, K.H., “Study of Fiber/Matrix Interface in SiC Fiber Reinforced Calcium Aluminosilicate Matrix Composites”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1993.Hussain, M., Nakahira, A., Niihara, K., Mechanical Property Improvement of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites by Al2O3 Filler Dispersion, Materials Letter, Vol. 26, No. 3, p. 185, 1996.
12.A. Yasmin, J.L. Abot, I. M. Daniel, “Processing of clay/epoxy nanocomposites by shear mixing” Scripta Materialia, Vol.49, 2003, p.81-86.
13.Hussain, M., Nakahira, A., Niihara, K., Mechanical Property Improvement of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites by Al2O3 Filler Dispersion, Materials Letter, Vol. 26, No. 3, p. 185, 1996.
14.Hussain, M., Niihara, K., Control of Water Absorption and Its Effect on Interlaminar Shear Strength of CFRC with Al2O3 Dispersion, Materials Science and Engineering, A, Vol. 272, p. 264, 1999.
15.Lin, J., Synthesis and Phase Behavior Investigation of Inorganic Materials in Organic Polymer Solid Matrices, Ph. D. Dissertation, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 1992.
16.Qi, Z., Synthesis of Conducting Polymer Colloids, Hollow nano-particles, and nanofibers, Ph. D. Dissertation, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Canada, 1993.
17.Li, T., Fabrication and Characterization of Nanometer-sized Metal and Semiconductor Particles and Nano-sized Composites. Ph. D. Dissertation, Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Florida, 1996.
18.J.S. Shelley, P.T. Mather, K.L.DeVries, “Reinforcement and environmental degradation of nylon-6/clay nanocomposites” Polymer, Vol.42, 2001, p.5849-5858.
19.李傳華, 1998, " 複合材料積層板疲勞強度與壽命預測及層間應力分析 ", 國立中山大學機械所博士論文.
20.彭聖森, 1999, " 碳纖維/聚醚醚酮複合材料積層板溫度效應對疲勞破壞行為之影響 ", 國立中山大學機械所碩士論文.
21.張熙超, 1999, " 碳纖維/聚醚醚酮複合材料積層板鑽孔及溫度效應之破壞機制與機械性質分析 ", 國立中山大學機械所碩士論文.
22.曾育鍾, 2000, ” 中央鑽孔碳纖維/聚二醚酮複材積層板之高溫疲勞探討 ”, 國立中山大學機械所碩士論文.
23.蔡健民, 2003, ” 以奈米粉體強化之高性能高分子PEEK製程與機械性質分析 ”, 國立中山大學材料科學所碩士論文.
24.吳俊憲, 2004, “ 石墨纖維/聚醚醚酮奈米複材積層板之研製與機械性能探討 ”, 國立中山大學機電所碩士論文.
25.R. F. Gibson, Principles of Composite Material Mechanics, Mcgraw-Hill, Inc., 1994.
26.徐國財、張立德, “ 納米複合材料 ”, 化學工業出版, 2002年.
27.張玉發、李長德, “ 奈米技術與奈米塑料 ”, 中國輕工業出版, 2002年.
28.張志德、牟季美 著, “納米材料和納米結構”, 應用物理學叢書, 科學出版社, 2001年2月.
29.郭文法,”奈米複合材料加工應用”,工業材料雜誌,125期,1997年5月.
30.任明華, 林偉煌, 1996 “ 多功能油壓夾頭構造 “, 中華民國專利, 新型第118763號.