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博碩士論文 etd-0712113-100419 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0712113-100419
論文名稱
Title
結合系統動力學與平衡計分卡評估高雄港務公司發展策略
Combining System Dynamics and Balance Scorecard to evaluate the development strategies for Port of Kaohsiung
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
169
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2013-07-19
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2013-08-12
關鍵字
Keywords
高雄港、系統動力學、平衡計分卡、策略地圖、SWOT分析
Port of Kaohsiung, System Dynamics, Balanced Scorecard, Strategic Map, SWOT analysis
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5775 次,被下載 137
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5775 times, has been downloaded 137 times.
中文摘要
全球航港體制已逐漸趨向「政企分離」之型態,其成立港務集團公司自主經營管理,免去冗長行政程序,迅速掌握航港市場訊息,及時提出因應措施,才能有效的執行與發揮計劃所帶來之預期效益,以更具彈性及競爭力之組織型態。臺灣的航港體制也朝此方向邁進,分別設立「航港局」,專責航政及港政公權力業務,及將各港務局改制成立「臺灣港務股份有限公司」,專營港埠經營業務,並於2012年3月1日掛牌成立。本研究將針對高雄港務分公司進行策略發展分析之研究。
本研究以高雄港務公司為研究對象,利用SWOT分析法檢視高雄港務公司內部的優勢、劣勢以及外部的機會、威脅,從中尋找提升高雄港整體績效的主要策略,接著利用策略地圖與平衡計分卡,將公司營運的流程策略分成財務、顧客、內部流程以及學習成長四個構面,並分別給予衡量策略執行成效之關鍵指標,並使用系統動力學的軟體 STELLA 來建構模式模擬現況。
本研究發現,如果希望從港口硬體設施來改善高雄港營運成果,則建議承租貨櫃碼頭業者可以優先投入在改善貨櫃碼頭每一艘船可以作業的吊桿數,其次則是提高吊桿每小時可以裝卸的貨櫃量,最後才考慮擴建貨櫃碼頭船席的數量。若是就改善高雄港務公司內部以提升高雄港營運成果,則建議如果希望保有較佳的資金收益情況,可以採取彈性獎金策略,希望有較多的貨櫃裝卸量,則可以採取彈性人力策略。
Abstract
In order to reduce lengthy administrative procedures, worldwide navigation administrations and their ports systems have progressively been privatized. They stand now as independent, more flexible and competitive companies, able to grasp market information quicker and respond to it in briefer delays.
In Taiwan, the move has been done in March 2012, with the establishment of the “Maritime Port bureau” which is the public sector for navigation and aviation and “Taiwan International Ports Corporation Ltd.” for the operation of harbors. This study focuses on the strategic development of the port of Kaohsiung.
We first use the SWOT analysis to identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in order to improve its efficiency. Secondly, we use strategic maps and balanced scorecard to depict the company’s strategies in four dimensions: financial, customer, internal processes and learning and growth. Key performance indexes are built for measuring the effectiveness of any strategy. Finally, a system dynamics model is built in order to simulate the development of the port of Kaohsiung in time.
Our results show that there are several ways to improve the operation of the port of Kaohsiung: by adding hardware (increase the number of derricks at container terminals or increase the number of terminals); by improving the internal operation of the company (adopt flexible bonus policies to obtain better gains or adopt flexible labor policies to obtain higher throughput of containers).
目次 Table of Contents
1 續論..............................................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機...........................................1
1.2 研究目的......................................................1
1.3 研究流程與方法................................................2
1.4 研究限制......................................................4
2 文獻回顧與研究方法................................................5
2.1高雄港SWOT分析相關文獻.......................................5
2.2平衡計分卡與策略地圖.........................................11
2.2.1 平衡計分卡............................................11
2.2.2 策略地論..............................................17
2.2.3 策略地圖與平衡計分卡應用相關文獻.......................20
2.3 系統動力學...................................................23
2.3.1 系統動力學建模之主要元件...............................23
2.3.2 系統動力學建模程序.....................................24
2.3.3 系統動力學應用相關文獻.................................27
2.3.4 系統動力學檢視平衡計分卡之文獻.........................28
3 高雄港之營運管理.................................................30
3.1 高雄港現況...................................................30
3.2 高雄港務公司概況.............................................31
3.2.1 組織架構...............................................32
3.2.2 高雄港務公司經營概況...................................33
3.2.3 港務公司現行評估指標...................................36
3.3 高雄港務公司策略之展開.......................................39
3.3.1 使命陳述...............................................39
3.3.2 SWOT 分析..............................................40
3.3.3 策略地圖與平衡計分卡之展開.............................45
4 系統動力學建模...................................................54
4.1 直線式思考建模...............................................54
4.1.1 因果關係圖.............................................54
4.1.2 直線式思考線流圖.......................................54
4.1.3 描述直線式思考線流圖...................................55
4.1.4 模擬結果分析與討論.....................................57
4.2 系統式思考建模...............................................58
4.2.1因果關係圖.............................................58
4.2.2因果關係間的變數描述...................................59
4.2.3 描述系統式思考線流圖...................................61
4.3 模型測試.....................................................76
4.3.1 單位一致性測試.........................................77
4.3.2 行為再生測試...........................................77
4.4 系統行為分析.................................................80
5 情境模擬與分析...................................................83
5.1內部策略對資金與貨櫃裝卸量的影響.............................84
5.1.1 彈性獎金策略...........................................84
5.1.2彈性人力策略...........................................86
5.1.3高雄港務公司內部策略比較...............................89
5.2彈性獎金與硬體策略對資金與貨櫃裝卸量的影響...................90
5.2.1 貨櫃碼頭數26座........................................90
5.2.2 貨櫃碼頭數27座........................................91
5.2.3 吊桿每小時裝卸量53 TEU/每小時..........................93
5.2.4 吊桿每小時裝卸量58 TEU/每小時..........................94
5.2.5 每船開工吊桿3桿,碼頭使用率65%.........................95
5.2.6 每船開工吊桿4桿,碼頭使用率50%.........................97
5.2.7彈性獎金策略與硬體策略分析.............................98
5.3彈性人力與硬體策略對資金與貨櫃裝卸量的影響..................100
5.3.1 貨櫃碼頭數26座...........................................................100
5.3.2 貨櫃碼頭數27座.......................................101
5.3.3 吊桿每小時裝卸量53 TEU/每小時.........................103
5.3.4 吊桿每小時裝卸量58 TEU/每小時.........................104
5.3.5 每船開工吊桿3桿,碼頭使用率65%........................105
5.3.6 每船開工吊桿4桿,碼頭使用率50%........................107
5.3.7 彈性人力策略與硬體策略分析............................108
5.4 模擬結果總結................................................110
6 結論與建議......................................................112
6.1 結論........................................................112
6.2 未來研究建議................................................113
參考文獻..........................................................117
附錄一:高雄港務公司SWOT分析問卷................................121
附錄二:模型二之線流圖方程式說明.................................127
附錄三:採內部策略之資金和貨櫃裝卸量比較表.......................144
附錄四:高雄港務公司歷年的營業收支表..............................145
附錄五:針對模型中部分資金問題修正結果............................146
口試委員意見回覆表................................................155
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