台灣四週海域水文環境十分複雜，東部海域終年有黑潮由南而北流過，西南海域則隨著季風消長而受到南海水及黑潮支流交替影響，這些水團的季節變化均會影響海域生物的分布。本研究於2013年7月至2015年10月期間，分別在台灣東部西北太平洋海域及台灣西南海域進行毛顎類組成及時空分布之研究，並探討其與水文環境之關聯。研究期間共發現有毛顎類3科11屬23種，西北太平洋海域發現有毛顎類3科11屬20種，平均豐度及種歧異度(H’)分別為1234 ± 251 ind./100m3及2.43 ± 0.12；台灣西南海域發現有毛顎類3科11屬21種，平均豐度及種歧異度分別為2509 ± 410 ind./100m3及2.21 ± 0.10。西北太平洋海域毛顎類豐度較台灣西南海域低，但西北太平洋海域物種多樣性相對較高。兩海域共同優勢物種有Flaccisagitta enflata, Ferosagitta ferox及Aidanosagitta neglecta，比較兩海域間有顯著差異的物種當中，F. enflata及Aidanosagitta crassa於台灣西南海域豐度顯著較高，而Serratosagitta pacifica, Flaccisagitta hexaptera及Sagitta bipunctata於東部海域豐度顯著較高。毛顎類豐度主要與溫度及橈足類豐度呈顯著正相關，物種數及歧異度則與環境因子較無明顯相關性。由本研究結果顯示，毛顎類群聚及豐度受到水團及橈足類豐度的季節性消長而呈現明顯的季節與空間變化。

The waters around Taiwan are relatively complex. The Kuroshio Current flow northward along the east coast of Taiwan all year round, and the South China Sea Current and Kursoshio Branch Current, driven by seasonal monsoons, interactively invade the southwestern waters off Taiwan Seasonal changes of these currents influence the distribution of marine organisms. This study investigates the temporal and spatial distribution of chaetognaths in relation to hydrography in the southwestern and eastern waters of Taiwan of the western North Pacific Ocean from July 2013 to October 2015. In total, 23 species of chaetognaths belonging to 3 families and 11 genera were recognized in this study. Among them, 20 species in 3 families and 11 genera were recorded in the waters off eastern Taiwan, with the average abundance and diversity (H’) of 1234 ± 251 ind./100m3 and 2.43 ± 0.12, respectively. Twenty-one species of chaetognaths in 3 families and 11 genera were found in the waters off southwestern Taiwan, with the average abundance and diversity of 2509 ± 410 ind./100m3 and 2.21 ± 0.10, respectively. The waters off eastern Taiwan had lower chaetognaths abundance but higher species diversity of chaetognaths than those in the southwestern waters of Taiwan. Among the predominant species, Flaccisagitta enflata, Ferosagitta ferox and Aidanosagitta neglecta were dominant in both areas. F. enflata and Aidanosagitta crassa were significantly abundant in the southwestern waters of Taiwan, while Serratosagitta pacifica, Flaccisagitta hexaptera and Sagitta bipunctata were significantly abundant in the waters off eastern Taiwan. The abundance of chaetognaths was significantly positive correlated with temperature and the abundance of copepods, while species number and species diversity were not clearly correlated with environmental factors. Results of this study implied that chaetognath assemblage and abundance were influenced by the seasonal succession of waters masses and the abundance of copepods, and have apparent seasonal and spatial differences in distribution.

論文審定書…………………………………………………………………………….i
謝辭…………………………………………………………………………………....ii
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………...iii
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………….iv
目錄……………..……………………………………………………………………..v
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………..vii
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………...ix
附錄目錄……………………………………………………………………………..xii
壹、前言......................................1
1-1. 台灣周遭水文環境.........................1
1-2. 毛顎類簡介...............................1
1-3. 台灣鄰近海域毛顎類相關文獻回顧...........5
1-4. 研究目的.................................6
貳、材料與方法................................7
2-1. 樣本採集.................................7
2-2. 資料統計分析.............................8
(一)環境因子..................................8
(二)毛顎類群聚之時空分布......................9
(三)水文對毛顎類群聚分布之影響探討...........10
參、結果.....................................11
3-1. 環境因子................................11
(一)西北太平洋海域...........................11
(二)台灣西南海域.............................12
3-2. 毛顎類群聚之時空分布....................13
(一)西北太平洋海域...........................13
(二)台灣西南海域.............................15
(三)西北太平洋海域與台灣西南海域間之差異性...17
3-3. 環境因子對毛顎類群聚分布之影響探討......18
(一)西北太平洋海域...........................18
(二)台灣西南海域.............................18
肆、討論.....................................19
4-1. 環境因子................................19
(一)西北太平洋海域...........................19
(二)台灣西南海域.............................19
(三)西北太平洋海域與台灣西南海域間之差異性...20
4-2. 毛顎類群聚之時空分布....................21
(一)西北太平洋海域...........................21
(二)台灣西南海域.............................24
(三)西北太平洋海域與台灣西南海域間之差異性...25
4-3. 水文對毛顎類群聚分布之影響探討..........29
4-4. 毛顎類研究困難..........................30
伍、結論.....................................32
陸、參考文獻.................................33

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