近年來，海洋垃圾問題逐漸受到全世界重視，越來越多的海洋垃圾不僅會造成景觀上的影響，隨著海浪潮汐將這些垃圾帶到海洋中，對海洋生物和環境影響深遠。海洋垃圾中以塑膠類為大宗，這些塑膠垃圾顏色鮮豔、形狀特別，更容易造成海洋生物被纏繞和誤食，導致死亡。隨著工業革命的發展，物品被自動化大量製造，經常使用後即丟棄，形成線性經濟的模式，在過程中資源不斷消耗，為打破這樣的經濟形式，循環經濟的概念被提出，期望將被視為廢棄物之物品做為原料再製新產品。因此在面臨海洋垃圾的困境上，本研究提出了將海洋垃圾回收循環再製的概念，將海中塑膠垃圾透過淨灘或其他方式收回後再造成為新產品，使廢棄物能再重新利用。
本研究探討海洋垃圾回收再製導入循環經濟之概念，首先以文獻回顧配合專家訪談方式，分析因素之間的回饋關係並導入循環經濟思考角度之策略，建立海洋垃圾回收循環經濟之模型，並以蒙地卡羅模擬多重組合政策，結合決策樹分析，探討影響發展海洋垃圾回收之重要政策組合。研究結果顯示可以從提高民眾環境意識及鼓勵研發創新收集海洋垃圾的工具，並輔以塑膠限制及廢棄物管理措施，最後加強綠色產品設計，達到減少海洋垃圾目標同時創造收益讓循環能長遠發展，循環經濟的構想得以實現。

The issue of marine debris has been getting more attention around the world recently. The rapid growth of marine debris not only cause visual impact on landscape but also affect marine environment and ecology profoundly. Plastics are mostly found in marine debris worldwide, due to industrialization of plastic products production and easy disposal without careful management. Such “take-make-dispose” step plan of using plastic products is the traditional linear economy which impact marine environment. Nowadays, the new concept of circular economy, which is to reuse waste as raw material for new products, is emerging. To shift from linear economy to circular economy can avoid resource depleting and environmental impact. This study proposes a circular economy channel of managing marine debris such that plastic waste in marine environment are reusable and thus reduced.
We conducted literature review and expert interviews to realize the characteristics of current plastic recycling and reuse system. In consequence, the feedback relations between key factors within such circular economy system are realized. Then, we applied the technique of system dynamics to model the circular economy of marine plastic debris recycling and reuse processes. The system dynamics model was integrated with the Monte-Carlo simulation and the decision tree analyses to identify the important policies of developing circular economy. The result indicates that the authority should enhance people’s environmental conscious, restrict plastic production, improve the efficiency of waste management, and encourage well design of green products. The implementation of these policy combination can therefore decrease marine debris and create profit for the involved stakeholders. In the long term, the vision of circular economy for dealing with the problem of marine plastic debris can be fulfilled.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究流程 4
1.4 研究邊界及限制 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 海洋垃圾 6
2.1.1 海洋垃圾定義 6
2.1.2 海洋垃圾之來源 7
2.1.3 海洋垃圾之種類 10
2.1.4 海洋垃圾之危害 13
2.2 海洋垃圾之處理 15
2.2.1 解決垃圾問題方案 15
2.2.2 垃圾回收再利用 16
2.3 循環經濟與系統動力學 18
2.3.1 循環經濟 18
2.3.2 系統動力學應用於循環經濟 19
第三章 研究方法 21
3.1 訪談法 21
3.2 系統動力學 22
3.2.1 系統動力學模型建立程序 23
3.2.2 因果回饋圖繪製 24
3.2.3 系統動力學組成元件 26
3.2.4 系統動力學結合蒙地卡羅 28
3.3 決策樹分析 29
第四章 模型建置 31
4.1 訪談綜整 31
4.2 因果回饋圖 35
4.3 線流圖 36
4.4 海洋垃圾回收子系統 39
4.4.1 資料蒐集 44
4.4.2 模型設置 45
4.5 綠色產品供應鏈子系統 50
4.5.1 模型設置 53
第五章 結果與討論 56
5.1 模型檢驗 56
5.1.1 模型結構測試 58
5.1.2 單位一致性測試 59
5.1.3 敏感度測試 60
5.2 模擬情境與分析 63
5.2.1 零方案 64
5.2.2 蒙地卡羅法模擬多重政策組合方案 65
5.2.3 決策樹建立 69
5.2.4 決策樹分析與探討 73
5.2.5 系統外生變數調整討論 77
第六章 結論與建議 79
6.1 結論 79
6.2 建議 81
參考文獻 82
附錄一 88
附錄二 94
附錄三 96

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