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博碩士論文 etd-0714100-101608 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0714100-101608
論文名稱
Title
6061/SiC鋁基複合材料之高能量束銲接性質研究
Characterization of high energy beam welding of 6061/SiC aluminum matrix composites
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
115
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-06-28
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-07-14
關鍵字
Keywords
潤濕性、孔洞、機械性質、銲道微組織、電子束、鋁基複合材料、雷射束
aluminum matrix composite, laser beam, electron beam, wettability, cavity, microstructure, mechanical property
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5735 次,被下載 2901
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5735 times, has been downloaded 2901 times.
中文摘要
本研究主旨在探討超塑性之鋁基金屬複合材料,經高能量束銲接後之性質,
以及合金與不同SiC含量複合材料之銲接性質差異。本研究的實驗結果顯示,
以電子束銲接6061Al/20%SiCw複合材料,熔融區由於SiC鬚晶的影響,流動性
極差,再加上電子束持續打擊材料,會產生材料噴濺損失,形成無法回填的
凹槽,銲接性不佳。以雷射束接合20%SiCw複合材料,由於局部產生高熱,
銲道中心的SiC鬚晶多數分解,與鋁反應生成脆性鋁碳化合物,銲道兩側因急
速熱膨脹形成裂隙,銲後機械性質測試顯示銲道脆化為性質劣化的主因,也
因此喪失超塑性質。以雷射測試合金與複合材料的銲接性質差異方面,合金
具有強的反光性質,因此對雷射能量吸收不佳,複材則因SiC具有較佳的能量
吸收能力,在1~20%SiC含量範圍內,含量越多可增加能量吸收率。而強化相
的形狀會影響鋁碳化合物的生成量,顆粒狀強化相因相對表面積較小,反應
多在顆粒表面,鬚晶則因形狀細長,表面積較大,容易分解反應。潤濕性實
驗結果發現,SiC含量會影響熔融材料的潤濕性與流動性,SiC含量越多,相
同溫度下的潤濕性及流動性都會越差,並需要在更高溫度下,潤濕性質才會
好轉。但是當SiC含量高達20%且為鬚晶形式時,潤濕性及流動性即使在高溫
下都不易好轉,對於銲接回填有不好的影響。
Abstract
The current thesis was designed to examine the welding characteristics of laser and electron beam
welding of the superplastic metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with 1~20% SiC and to
differentiate the difference between the 6061 aluminum alloy and 6061/SiC composites.
The 6061/20%SiCw MMC was found to exhibit poor welding characteristics under electron beam
welding. This was because that the SiC whiskers would induce poor fluidity of molten Al matrix and
the electron beam continuously bombared the MMC resulting in material loss through sputtering, and
this effect induced an "V" groove formed at the center of the fusion zone. The laser beam welding of
the 20% SiCw MMCs caused the decomposition of the SiCw into Al4C3 platelets at the center region
of the fusion zone, as well as cavities along the outer region due to thermal expansion differences.
The post-weld tensile test results showed that the brittle weld zone lead to the degradation of strength,
and the 6061/20%SiCw MMC after welding would lose superplastic properties. There were some
differences between the 6061 alloy and MMC upon subjected to laser beam welding. The absorption
of laser energy by the MMC was better than that by the alloy; the absorption of laser energy increased
with increasing SiC content. The shape of the reinforced material could also influence the quantity of
Al4C3 formed. The total surface area of SiC particles was smaller than that of the SiC whiskers under
equal volume fraction, therefore more SiC whiskers were decomposed. In the wetting experiment, the
wettability and fluidity of molten material was observed to decrease with increasing SiC volume fraction
at the same temperature. The wettability could be improved at higher temperatures. For the
20%SiCw MMC, the wettability and fluidity could not be sufficiently improved even at a high
temperature of 1300℃, which appeared to be the cause for the lack of feeding in the central fusion zone.
目次 Table of Contents
目 錄 頁次

中文論文提要………………………………………………………………I
英文論文提要………………………………………………………………II
誌謝…………………………………………………………………………IV
目錄…………………………………………………………………………V
表目錄………………………………………………………………………VIII
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………IX


一、前言……………………………………………………………………1
1.1金屬基複合材料簡介……………………………………………………1
1.2銲接性質…………………………………………………………………2
1.3高能量束銲接……………………………………………………………8
1.3.1 電子束銲接……………………………………………………………9
(A)電子束銲接原理……………………………………………………9
(B)電子束銲接之優缺點………………………………………………10
1.3.2 雷射束銲接……………………………………………………………11
(A)雷射銲接原理………………………………………………………11
(B)雷射銲接之優缺點…………………………………………………13
1.4 熔池表面張力對銲道的影響…………………………………………14
1.5本研究之規劃…………………………………………………………16

二、實驗方法………………………………………………………………18
2.1實驗材料…………………………………………………………………18
2.2材料製程…………………………………………………………………18
2.2.1混粉製程………………………………………………………………19
2.2.2冷壓成形………………………………………………………………19
2.2.3真空熱壓燒結…………………………………………………………19
2.2.4熱擠形製程……………………………………………………………20
2.2.5滾壓製程………………………………………………………………20
2.3試片處理及實驗流程……………………………………………………21
2.4電子束銲接………………………………………………………………22
2.5雷射束銲接………………………………………………………………22
2.6熔融材料潤濕性測試……………………………………………………22
2.7拉伸試驗…………………………………………………………………23
2.8光學顯微鏡………………………………………………………………24
2.9掃瞄式電子顯微鏡………………………………………………………24

三、實驗結果………………………………………………………………25
3.1電子束銲接………………………………………………………………25
3.1.1 6061鋁合金電子束銲接………………………………………………25
3.1.2 6061/20%SiCw複合材料電子束銲接…………………………………25
3.2 雷射銲接…………………………………………………………………28
3.2.1 6061鋁合金雷射銲接…………………………………………………28
3.2.2 6061/1%與5%SiCp複合材料雷射銲接………………………………29
3.2.3 6061/20%SiCw複合材料雷射銲接……………………………………30
3.3 潤濕性測試結果…………………………………………………………32
3.4 機械性質測試……………………………………………………………34

四、實驗結果討論…………………………………………………………36
4.1 電子束與雷射銲接6061合金之差異……………………………………36
4.2 電子束與雷射銲接6061/20%SiCw複合材料之差異…………………37
4.3 不同材質間的雷射銲接性差異………………………………………38
4.3.1 雷射吸收率差異………………………………………………………38
4.3.2 孔洞分佈差異…………………………………………………………41
4.3.3 鋁碳化合物生成量差異………………………………………………43
4.4潤濕性的影響……………………………………………………………43
4.5機械性質的差異…………………………………………………………45

五、結論……………………………………………………………………47

六、參考文獻………………………………………………………………49

表……………………………………………………………………………53-64

圖……………………………………………………………………………65-115

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