本文為討論利用雙環桑克架構組成兩個互易的馬赫-詹德干涉儀，而此兩個互逆方向的干涉儀同時都受到物理場的擾動，也同時有PZT調制信號，最後會有四組光在輸出作干涉，這會使干涉出來的訊號有增強的現象。一般雙馬赫-詹德干涉儀只有一級干涉儀用來感測物理場，另一級則是作其它補償用途，而本文所提出的架構利用雙環桑克拓樸的性質使得兩級干涉儀都同時感測物理場訊號，形成一干涉儀架構有兩干涉儀作用。雙環部份同時順時和逆時方向是馬赫-詹德干涉儀型式，而內環順時和外環逆時方向也是馬赫-詹德干涉儀型式，利用馬赫-詹德干涉儀兩臂不等長來感測出水下聲波所造成聽音器內光纖導光相位變化，最後的四道干涉光利用PGC相位載波電路來解調出聲波訊號。

This paper reports a reciprocal Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a dual Sagnac ring configuration, and one of two arms in Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used for underwater optic fiber hydrophone. Two Mach-Zehnder interferometers operated in opposite sense are simultaneously induced from the underwater acoustic wave and the PZT phase modulation. Thus, at the output, four interferometric beams occur such that the intensity of interferometric beams will enhance. In general, one stage of a double Mach-Zehnder interferometer is just used as a sensor, another one for compensation. Specially, this paper presents two stages of a double Mach-Zehnder interferometer sense the measurand at the same time due to the topology structure of Sagnac ring pairs. In the other words, the characteristic is to win the affection of two beauties at the same time. Two rings in the same direction make a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Besides, the inner ring in the clockwise direction and the outer one in the counterclockwise direction also make a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. So as to the unbalanced arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the underwater acoustic wave induces the light beam phase difference in optic fiber hydrophone interrogator to demodulate the acoustic wave signal by PGC circuit.

頁次
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
符號表 xiii

第一章 簡介
1.1 研究背景與文獻回顧 1
1.2 研究動機 4
1.3 論文結構 4
第二章 感測原理分析及各元件特性介紹
　　2.1 光纖感測 6
2.1.1感測原理 6
2.1.2光彈效應與長度效應 8
2.2解調目的 10
2.2.1解調作用 10
2.2.2 PGC 解調運算 12
2.3光纖感測系統各零組件介紹 14
2.3.1光源部份 15
2.3.1.1 ASE寬頻光源 15
2.3.1.2光纖循環器 15
2.3.1.3單模光纖 16
2.3.1.4布拉格光纖光柵 17
2.3.2 感測部份 19
2.3.2.1光纖耦合器 19
2.3.2.2 PZT相位調制器 19
2.3.2.3 水下聽音器 21
2.3.3 訊號解調部份 21
2.3.3.1 檢光器 21
2.3.3.2 PGC相位載波解調電路 22
2.3.3.3偏振控制器 23
第三章 干涉式水中聽音系統之設計及分析
3.1水中聽音器 24
3.1.1水中聽音器之設計 25
3.1.2水中聽音器之靈敏度估算 27
3.2理論分析 29
3.2.1 光路原理分析 30
3.2.2 干涉訊號強度之數學分析 31
3.2.3 光路偏振態分析 36
3.2.4 轉移函數 41
3.3水下量測環境分析 44
3.3.1 水下回音之分析 46
3.3.2 水下互易校正法原理 50
3.3.3 水下校正法之一:脈波法 53
3.3.4 水下各校正法之比較 54
第四章 實驗與結果討論
4.1系統中各元件的量測 56
4.1.1 ASE寬頻光源之量測 56
4.1.2光纖循環器之量測 59
4.1.3光纖耦合器之量測 63
4.1.4 PZT相位調制器之量測 64
4.2干涉式水中聽音系統的量測 65
4.2.1 水中感測頭於空氣中之量測 65
4.2.2 水中感測頭於水中之量測 68
4.2.2.1 雙馬赫-詹德水下干涉系統之量測 68
4.2.2.2 偏振控制器於系統之量測 71
4.2.2.3 內外環桑克干涉訊號之實驗 72
4.2.2.4 單馬赫-詹德水下干涉系統之量測 74
4.3實驗的檢討與討論 75
4.3.1 系統校正之限制 76
4.3.2 系統動態範圍之另一定義 76
4.3.3 聽音器之靈敏度計算 77
第五章 結論與未來展望
5.1 結論 81
5.2 未來展望 82
5.2.1 系統性能的改善 82
5.2.2 未來期許 83

參考文獻 85
附圖 90
附表 129
附錄 156
中英文對照表 159
作者簡歷 162

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