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博碩士論文 etd-0715110-162043 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0715110-162043
論文名稱
Title
低碳鋼於物理性磁能及循環水流作用下形成碳酸鈣及氧化鐵垢層的微觀組織與機制
Microstructure and formation mechanism of the calcium carbonate/iron oxide scale on low carbon steel upon magnetic water treatment
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
138
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2010-06-08
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2010-07-15
關鍵字
Keywords
磁力淨水處理、超晶格、碳酸鈣奈米顆粒
magnetic water treatment, superstructure, TEM
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
  本研究是關於碳鋼管和碳鋼平板試片經過磁力淨水處理(magnetic water treatment 簡稱MWT)所得碳酸鈣與氧化鐵垢層粉末結晶之微觀結構形態與光譜分析。MWT之原始水溶液為400 ppm CaCl2,每天添加50 ppm NaHCO3,持續操作一個月,酸鹼值變化在七與八之間,而碳鋼管中心之磁場強度為400 G,磁場作用時間為0.1 s/cycle,循環流速為0.5 m/s。此垢層粉末經由x-光繞射儀(XRD),電子顯微鏡和振動光譜分析,在鈉離子、氯離子、氫氧根離子和磁流動(magnetohydrodynamic)力影響下,硬質結晶方解石(calcite)、軟質結晶霰石(aragonite)和磁鐵礦(magnetite)晶粒大小和形狀。方解石為奈米顆粒具有聚片雙晶,同時依特定{11-20}或{10-1 4}晶面聚簇成長成優選取向,此外有平行於(0-114)晶面之三倍週期之一維整齊超晶格(1-D commensurate superstructure);霰石則偶爾形成菱面體假形,主要形成具有發達(01-1)晶面的長條狀,依[100]方向延伸幾微米長,而且有三倍於(01-1)晶面週期之一維整齊超晶格;而磁鐵礦是以(011)與(100)晶面為主,(111)晶面為輔的次微米級顆粒所組成,且可形成雙晶。由拉曼與紅外光譜分析凝聚物之離子配位情況,得知方解石、霰石和磁鐵礦晶格有明顯吸附OH-基,而其各自之特徵峰波數與天然礦物略有偏差,應該是動態磁力淨水處理誘發晶格之缺陷與局部錯位與失序所造成。動態磁力淨水處理製程使方解石、霰石和磁鐵礦晶粒拋錨沉積成具有平面缺陷結晶垢層,且為陰陽離子共存晶面。洛倫茲力(Lorentz force)和預先凝結綜合效應影響下,方解石依特定(hkil)晶面聚簇,霰石依板條狀快速成長,形成較大粒徑而易被水沖刷去除。
Abstract
none
目次 Table of Contents
摘要 I
目錄 III
圖目錄 V
附錄目錄 IX
補充資料目錄 XI

第一章 概論 1
第二章 實驗方式 4
2-1 樣本製作及實驗步驟 4
2-1-1 樣本製作 4
2-1-2 實驗步驟(如附錄1c) 6
2-2 量測設備簡介 6
2-2-1 慢速切割機 6
2-2-2 x-光繞射儀(X-ray diffraction, XRD) 6
2-2-3 偏光顯微鏡(Polarized Optical Microscope, POM) 7
2-2-4 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM) 7
2-2-5 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscopy, TEM)……………….. 7
2-2-6 微光致螢光/拉曼光譜儀(MicroRaman/PL+cold Stage) 8
2-2-7 霍氏轉換紅外光譜儀(Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer) 9
第三章 實驗結果 11
3-1 X-光繞射儀(XRD)、光學顯微鏡和掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM).11
3-2 穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM) 13
3-2-1 低碳鋼管壁上之垢層粉末 13
3-2-2 低碳鋼平板試片上之垢層粉末 13
3-3 振動光譜 15
第四章 實驗討論 17
4-1 方解石沿優選取向成核並且依照特定{HKIL}晶面聚簇成長 17
4-2 霰石之成長晶癖面 20
4-3 磁鐵礦立方八面體和(011)晶面之成核與生長 22
4-4 工業磁能防垢應用與相關自然現象 23
第五章 結論 26
參考文獻 28
參考文獻 References
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