海洋保護區是國際上公認，對於維護生物多樣性及挽救瀕臨絕種生物的一項重要性措施，並可以管制人類活動干擾，如過度開發及污染行為等。海洋資源在受到人類活動的影響，已逐漸枯竭，設立海洋保護區，可落實海洋生物棲地保護的工作，使生活其間之生態族群有修生養息之處，還可以維持生物多樣性，此即為「永續管理」(sustainable management)的理念。然而如何劃設一個有效的保護區，則仍然是一個値得研究的議題。
本研究以美濕地保護區劃設為範例，首先利用地理資訊系統之空間差補工具，也就是克利金法，取得研究區域內不足之生物資料量，並採取整數規劃(Integer programming, IP)建立三種空間分析模式，三種模式皆可保證獲得全域最佳解。利用量化之方式劃設保護區，比起一般使用質化方式而言較有效率，不但能在有限之空間下保育最大的生態資源，還能提供明確數據給決策者作為參考。另外，模式可根據不同地區、不同環境影響因子進行修正，使模式符合使用者需求。本研究以高美濕地保護區劃設為範例，但所建構的空間分析模式也可以應用於陸域保護區之設置。

It is an internationally acknowledged that marine protected area (MPA) is an important measure for maintaining biodiversity and rescuing endangered species. MPA can also effectively inhibit human interferences such as development and pollution discharge. The establishment of MPA is possible to fulfill the goal of sustainable management, which is to conserve marine habitat for an integrative ecosystem and a higher biodiversity. However, how to design an effective MPA remains an important research issue to be explored.
In order to grasp the spatial distribution of the ecological data in the study area, the current research uses spatial interpolation tool, Kriging, provided by the Geographic information system (GIS) software. Then three spatial analytical models have been developed based on integer programming techniques. It is guarantee that all three models can find the global optimal solutions for the best protective area partitions. This quantitative approach is more efficient and effective compared to the qualitative methods in many aspects. The models are able to preserve the maximum ecological resources under the limited spatial area. Besides, the model formulation can be adjusted from different environmental impact factors to fulfill the requirements of users. The case study of the research is to design a MPA for Kaomei wetland. However the spatial analytical models developed in this research can also be applied to protected area design in land area.

目錄 I
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 研究範圍 2
1.4 研究流程 4
第二章　文獻回顧 5
2.1海洋保護區之重要性 5
2.2 生物資料及多樣性之空間插捕模式 11
2.3 保護區規劃模式 14
2.4 演算法比較 17
第三章　研究方法 21
3.1 採樣資料整理 21
3.2 克利金法 26
3.2.1 克利金法概念 26
3.2.2 常見之半變異圖模式 28
3.2.3 空間結構 30
3.3保護區規劃模式 30
3.3.1 最小面積模式 32
3.3.2 最大生物多樣性模式 32
3.3.3 周長與生物多樣性之trade-off模式 33
第四章　研究成果 35
4.1 克利金插補結果 35
4.1.1 半變異元模式 35
4.1.2 空間分布克利金模擬推估圖 37
4.2 模式劃設結果 43
4.2.1最小面積模式劃設結果 45
4.2.2最大生物多樣性模式劃設結果 48
4.2.3周長與生物多樣性之trade-off模式劃設結果 56
4.3 考量環境因子影響 58
4.3.1 土壤壓密 58
4.3.2 金色鍊黴菌(Arcobacter sp.) 60
4.3.3 土壤壓密加金色鏈黴菌 62
4.4 模式結果探討 64
第五章 結論與建議 67
5.1 結論 67
5.2 建議 69
參考文獻 71
附錄一　保護區規劃模式選取結果 81
附錄二　環境因子影響之選取結果 95

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