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博碩士論文 etd-0717108-160454 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0717108-160454
論文名稱
Title
模式測試:測試路徑建構方法論
Model Testing: A Methodology for Test-Paths Construction
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
91
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2008-06-20
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2008-07-17
關鍵字
Keywords
統一塑模語言、測試路徑、模式測試
Test Path, Model-Based Testing, UML
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
軟體測試為軟體開發過程中重要的一部分,它可以用來達到確保品質、評估可靠性與驗證正確性之目的。然而,軟體測試需要花費非常高的成本與時間,舉例來說,先前研究指出在軟體開發的過程中軟體測試需花費一半以上的成本。在系統分析與設計的工作中,採用統一塑模語言 (Unified Modeling Language, UML)與模式驅動架構的方法逐日增加,模式測試 (Model-Based Testing)因而被加以探討,它是上述軟體測試問題的重要解決方案。本研究提出一套方法論用來找出測試路徑,這個測試路徑更進一步可決定在模式測試中如何產生測試案例。針對所提出的方法論,我們採用三個由業界提供的真實案例進行可用性測試,其內容包含方法論的概念、應用與所創造的優勢。採用此方法後,在系統分析與設計的階段能找出軟體中的錯誤,可減少軟體測試的成本與提高系統開發的效率。
Abstract
Software testing is a vital part of the software development process and is used for the purposes of quality assurance, reliability estimation and verification and validation. However, software testing is extremely costly and time consuming. For instance, prior research indicated that more than 50% of the software development cost is devoted to testing. Due to the increased use of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and model driven architecture approach in systems analysis and design, Model-Based Testing has been discussed as a prominent solution for software testing to address the above problems. This study presents a methodology for determining the test path which can then be further used to determine the test case for Model-Based Testing. Three real-world cases are used to test the usability (including the concepts, application, and advantages) of the proposed methodology. With this approach, software errors can be found at the systems analysis and design stage and thereby reduce the cost of software testing and enhance the efficiency of system development.
目次 Table of Contents
目錄

第一章、緒論...........................................................................................1
第一節、研究背景與動機.......................................................................1
第二節、研究目的與範圍.......................................................................2
第三節、論文架構...................................................................................3
第二章、文獻探討...................................................................................4
第一節、軟體測試...................................................................................4
第二節、模式測試..................................................................................11
第三節、統一塑模語言與循序圖..........................................................15
第四節、IRCFG資料結構與圖形表示法..............................................23
第五節、有向圖資料結構與圖形表示法..............................................30
第三章、研究方法..................................................................................33
第一節、軟體工程研究法......................................................................33
第一節、研究流程..................................................................................34
第四章、建構測試路徑之方法論.........................................................39
第一節、從FCFG中建構測試路徑......................................................40
第二節、表達物件與操作之有向圖......................................................48
第五章、可用性測試................................................................................52
第一節、公司簡介..................................................................................52
第二節、實施測試的項目與過程..........................................................53
第三節、個案一 - 查詢包裝線進料鋼捲.............................................54
第四節、個案二 - 前儲區儲位產生規則..............................................61
第五節、個案三 - 包裝線preset........................................................68
第六節、觀察與評估..............................................................................74
第六章、結論..........................................................................................77
第一節、研究成果...................................................................................77
第二節、研究貢獻...................................................................................78
第三節、未來研究方向..........................................................................78
參考文獻..................................................................................................80
中文參考文獻..........................................................................................80
英文參考文獻..........................................................................................80

圖目錄

圖2-1、軟體開發過程中修正錯誤成本的示意圖......................................................1
圖2-2、軟體測試的過程..............................................................................................9
圖2-3、軟體測試與模式測試對照圖........................................................................15
圖2-4、UML 2.0圖形分類...........................................................................................19
圖2-5、循序圖範例....................................................................................................20
圖2-6、框架內容........................................................................................................21
圖2-7、循序圖與其對應之IRCFG…........................................................................24
圖2-8、IRCFG中三種元素之示意圖........................................................................24
圖2-9、循序圖訊息、條件與控制焦點之示意圖......................................................26
圖2-10、完整IRCFG示意圖.....................................................................................29
圖2-11、發牌系統循序圖範例...................................................................................31
圖2-12、有向圖範例..................................................................................................32
圖3-1、軟體工程研究法流程圖................................................................................34
圖3-2、可用性測試評估流程....................................................................................37
圖4-1、模式測試流程圖............................................................................................39
圖4-2、以框架表示發牌系統的操作........................................................................41
圖4-3、以框架表示系統預設執行的操作................................................................41
圖4-4、循序圖的多選一框架表示法........................................................................42
圖4-5、循序圖的自由選擇框架表示法....................................................................43
圖4-6、循序圖的迴圈框架表示法............................................................................44
圖4-7、循序圖的巢狀結構框架表示法....................................................................45
圖4-8、發牌系統循序圖與FCFG對應圖................................................................47
圖4-9、巢狀結構下的循序圖與FCFG對應圖........................................................47
圖4-10、循序圖、有向圖與FCFG之對照圖…......................................................49
圖4-11、文字格式有向圖範例..................................................................................51
圖5-1、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲之活動圖....................................................................56
圖5-2、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲之循序圖....................................................................57
圖5-3、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲之循序圖框架表示法................................................58
圖5-4、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲之FCFG......................................................................59
圖5-5、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲的m2框架有向圖表示法.........................................60
圖5-6、前儲區儲位產生規則之活動圖....................................................................63
圖5-7、前儲區儲位產生規則之循序圖....................................................................64
圖5-8、前儲區儲位產生規則之循序圖框架表示法................................................66
圖5-9、前儲區儲位產生規則之FCFG......................................................................67
圖5-10、前儲區儲位產生規則的m2框架有向圖表示法........................................68
圖5-11、包裝線preset之活動圖..............................................................................70
圖5-12、包裝線preset之循序圖..............................................................................71
圖5-13、包裝線preset之循序圖框架表示法..........................................................72
圖5-14、包裝線preset之FCFG ..............................................................................73
圖5-15、包裝線preset的m4框架有向圖表示法...................................................74

表目錄

表1-1、各章節內容描述..............................................................................................3
表2-1、白箱測試的準則..............................................................................................7
表2-2、黑箱測試的準則..............................................................................................8
表2-3、類別圖測試準則............................................................................................12
表2-4、循序圖測試準則............................................................................................13
表2-5、UML 2.0圖形種類及說明.............................................................................17
表2-6、IRCFG中的三種元素內容............................................................................25
表2-7、m1的RCFG繪製步驟說明與圖例..............................................................27
表2-8、m2的RCFG繪製步驟說明與圖例..............................................................28
表2-9、有向圖之文字格式........................................................................................31
表3-1、評估準則........................................................................................................36
表4-1、流程圖之元件................................................................................................46
表4-2、轉換FCFG的規則與步驟............................................................................46
表4-3、測試路徑表....................................................................................................48
表4-4、轉換文字格式有向圖的規則與步驟............................................................50
表5-1、實施測試的項目與內容................................................................................53
表5-2、第三章所擬定之評估準則............................................................................54
表5-3、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲之使用個案................................................................55
表5-4、查詢包裝線進料鋼捲之測試路徑表............................................................60
表5-5、前儲區儲位產生規則之使用個案................................................................61
表5-6、前儲區儲位產生規則之測試路徑表............................................................67
表5-7、包裝線preset之使用個案.............................................................................69
表5-8、包裝線preset之測試路徑表.........................................................................73
表5-9、A鋼鐵公司工程進度報告表........................................................................75
表5-10、採用建構測試路徑方法論前後的差異......................................................76
參考文獻 References
參考文獻

中文參考文獻
吳仁和,「物件導向系統分析與設計:結合MDA 與UML」,二版,智勝,台北,2007年。
陳聖現,「以物件限制語言結合電腦輔助軟體工程工具強化企業邏輯表達之研究」,中山大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文,2008年6月。
許令信,「模式測試整合方法論之研究」,中山大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文,2008年6月。

英文參考文獻
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