研究弱勢族群的人口特徵和空間分佈特性可以提供社會政策參考，以資料探勘技術分析解釋社會人口特徵的關聯現象，同時也以地理資訊系統技術解釋社會人口特徵的空間分佈現象。研究提出以地理資訊系統視覺化的空間分析技術來表示資料探勘分析的規則結果分析模式，使原來並不具空間意涵的資料探勘技術也產生具有空間分佈意義的結果。
弱勢族群人口普查資料探勘分析顯示出以下幾點結果:一、高雄市獨居老人較多數集中在左營區，但空間關聯規則分析卻顯示左營區的獨居老人較少鄰近醫療照護中心，顯見左營區需要加強增設醫療照護的資源。二、台北市屬於資源密集分佈的大型都會區，獨居老人分佈較為密集的地區都可以鄰近醫療安養中心，顯示台北市的獨居老人比較能夠有妥善的醫療安養中心照護。三、台北市女性戶長單親家庭，女性戶長年齡大於47歲，教育程度是國小，多數是因配偶死亡。而年齡小於37歲的女性戶長單親家庭，教育程度是大專，況多數是未婚狀態。四、洛杉磯地區的貧窮與家戶類別關係顯示貧窮已經不再是女性單親家庭的宿命。貧窮反而較多發生在雙親戶長家庭，貧窮人口也呈現聚集的型態，明顯聚集在洛杉磯中南部地區。五、洛杉磯地區的貧窮與種族關係的探討方面，貧窮人口較多比例出現在西班牙裔，空間分佈則呈現聚集的程度。

This article offers the results of creative research: (1) Suggestions on a research structure for data mining visulization with GIS. (2) A search for the distribution of various population groups in society using the census 2000 as research background.
In single-parent families, aborigines and the elderly have long been considered disadvantaged social classes, and their widening problems will have a tremendous impact and influence on society. This study aims to apply data mining techniques to investigate the demographic features of socially disadvantaged groups in Taipei, Kaohsiung and Los Angeles County by using population data collected in the 2000 census to provide reference for social welfare decision makers in understanding these groups and forming policy. The demographic features, marital features and educational attainment of the heads of household in single-parent families and poverty lives were investigated. The demographic features, educational attainment and marital status of aborigines were analyzed. The marital features, educational attainment, care and life patterns of the elderly were studied.

目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 2
第三節 研究程序 5
第二章 文獻探討 7
第一節 人口普查 7
一、 美國人口普查 7
二、 台灣人口普查 8
第二節 資料探勘技術 9
一、群集分析 10
二、關聯規則探勘 11
三、多層式關聯規則探勘 14
第三節 空間資料探勘 19
一、地理資訊系統與時空分析模式的結合 20
二、空間關聯規則探勘 21
三、空間資料探勘系統 25
第三章 研究設計與方法 27
第一節 研究範圍與對象 27
一、 單親家庭 28
二、 原住民 29
三、 老年人口 29
四、 貧窮人口 31
第二節 研究設計 32
一、資料庫設計 32
二、分析流程 34
三、研究模式 37
第三節 研究方法 38
一、 主成分分析 38
二、 關聯網分析 39
三、多層次關聯規則探勘 40
四、空間自相關分析 45
第四章 結果與討論 49
第一節 獨居老人 49
一、 台北市獨居老人 49
二、 高雄市獨居老人 58
第二節 單親家庭 66
一、 台北市男性戶長單親家庭 66
二、 台北市女性戶長單親家庭 73
三、 高雄市男性戶長單親家庭 81
四、 高雄市女性戶長單親家庭 87
第三節 原住民 93
一、 台北市原住民 93
二、 高雄市原住民 98
第四節 貧窮人口 102
一、貧窮與家庭結構分佈關係 107
二、貧窮與種族分佈關係 114
第五章 結論與建議 121
第一節 研究結論 121
第二節 研究建議 122
參考文獻 124
英文部分 124
中文部分 130
附錄一、人口普查資料欄位 131
附錄二、資料庫查詢語言 135
附錄三、人口普查資料編碼表 137
附錄四、醫療安養照護機構 139

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