本研究利用在南沖繩海槽西端沈積物收集器所採集之半
年時序樣本，沈積物岩心以及水樣，供釙-210與鉛-210母
子核種的分析，藉由其分佈及其母子核種之不平衡現象來
探討此海域之顆粒特性。
錨碇測站T18(24°45'N 122°18'E)在半年間(1999年2月1999年8月)所得之表觀顆粒通量之時序變化，顯示高顆粒通量出現在2月至4月，其值界於16至56 g/m2/d之間。
鉛-210的活性時序變化呈遞增的趨勢，約由80增至100
dpm/g，且上層顆粒之鉛-210活性大都高於下層。與鉛-
210之趨勢相同，上下兩深度的釙-210活性皆隨時間遞
增，約由接近0增至27 dpm/g。測站T18之沈降顆粒與其附
近表層沈積物之鉛-210活性差異很大(前者平均約為
85~90 dpm/g，而後者只約為11 dpm/g)，且粒徑與元素分
佈亦不相同，因此下方之沈積物並非直接由其上方之沈降
顆粒所提供。除T4岩心15公分以下及T19岩心外，其釙/鉛
比值變化極大，由0至0.7，釙-210均呈不足現象而其釙-
210與鉛-210活性都遠低於沈降顆粒之活度。T19岩心在表
層4公分內釙-210及鉛-210均由120 dpm/g降至60 dpm/g，
兩者大玫平衡，與其他測站岩心截然不同。
由測站T17、T18水體中釙/鉛活性比發現，T17測站的比
值約0.6，700公尺以下只有0.3，即釙-210活性呈明顯不
足，而T18測站的比值在水深100至300公尺間約為1.3，即
呈超量，而400公尺以下則約為0.6~0.7，再呈不足現象。
此等觀測顯示此二測站之水柱均有層化現象，可能係由側
向傳輸所形成。由釙/鉛比值得知，相對於顆粒清除作
用，釙-210在各水層之平均駐留時間介於3至16個月間。

In this study, the settling particulates
collected by time-series sediment traps, sediment
cores, and seawater samples taken in the western
South Okinawa Trough were analyzed for 210Pb and
210Po in order to understand the characteristics
of the particulates and sediments based on the
distribution of these two nuclides and the extent
of their radioactive disequilibrium.
Two sediment traps were deployed at T18 (24°45'N 122°18'E, about 300m and 100m above bottom)
from February to August 1999. The results show
that higher mass fluxes were observed from
February to April, ranging between 16 and 56
g/m2/d. The 210Pb activity increases
systematically with time from about 80 to 100
dpm/g, and the upper trap has slightly higher
values. Similar to 210Pb, the 210Po activity
also increases, but from near zero to only 27
dpm/g for both traps, much lower than the
corresponding 210Pb activity.
The 210Pb activities are quite different
between the settling particulates collected by
traps at T18 and the surface sediment taken
nearby (the former have a mean activity of about
85 to 90 dpm/g; the latter has a value of only 11
dpm/g). The size distribution and elemental
composition are also different between the
trapped particulates and the sediment. Thus the
underlying sediments were not directly derived
from the overlying trapped particulates. Except
for T4 core below 15cm and T19 entire core, the
210Po/210Pb activity ratio in the sediments
varies greatly, from near zero to 0.7, indicating
deficiency of 210Po. Both 210Po and 210Pb
activities are much lower in the sediments than
in the settling particulates. A T19 both 210Po
and 210Pb activities in the core decrease steeply
from 120 dpm/g at surface to 60 dpm/g at 4 cm,
indicating radioactive equilibrium. This is
entirely different from the cores taken at other
stations.
The total 210Po/210Pb activity ratio in the
water column at T17 is nearly constant at about
0.6, but drops to 0.3 below 700m, i.e. 210Po
activity is deficient in the entire water
column. At T18, the activity ratio is about 1.3
between 100m and 300m, indicating a 210Po excess
in this layer. Below 400m, the ratio is about
0.6 to 0.7, showing 210Po deficit again. These
observations indicate that the water columns at
T17 and T18 are stratified, probably due to
lateral transport. Based on the 210Po/210Pb
activity ratio the mean residence time of 210Po
with respect to particulate scavenging ranges
from 3 to 16 months.

致謝……………………………………………………………Ⅰ
摘要……………………………………………………………Ⅱ
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………Ⅲ
目錄……………………………………………………………Ⅴ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………ⅥII
表目錄…………………………………………………………Ⅸ
一、緒論………………………………………………………1
1-1海洋中鉛- 210及釙- 210母子核種的來源……………1
1-2鉛- 210與釙- 210母子核種於海洋中的應用…………1
1-3研究目的、地形、水文背景及採樣區域………………3
　　1-3.1研究目的…………………………………………3
1-3.2地形及水文背景………………………………………4
1-3.3採樣區域………………………………………………4
二、樣品處理…………………………………………………7
　2-1沈降顆粒的處理………………………………………7
2-2岩心的處理………………………………………………7
2-3水樣的處理………………………………………………8
2-4共沈澱……………………………………………………8
2-5燒失量(L.O.I.)…………………………………………8
2-6釙-210活性分析方法……………………………………9
2-7鉛-210活性分析方法……………………………………9
2-7.1以測釙-210活性的方法偵測鉛-210的活性…………11
2-7.2以測鉍-210活性的方法偵測鉛-210的活性…………11
三、活性修正方法……………………………………………13
　3-1釙-210與鉛-210活性修正方法………………………13
3-1.1表觀釙-210之計算……………………………………13
3-2鉛-210之不同分析方法的比較…………………………15
四、結果與討論………………………………………………17
4-1 測站T18之表觀顆粒通量………………………………17
4-2沈降顆粒之釙-210與鉛-210活性分佈…………………22
4-2.1 測站T18釙-210與鉛-210活性之時序變化…………22
4-2.2 釙-210和鉛-210之活性及其通量與顆粒通量及粒徑
的相關性………………………………………………22
4-2.3 釙-210及鉛-210之活性與燒失量(L.O.I.)的相關性24
4-2.4 鉛-210與釙-210的不平衡關係………………………31
4-3 岩心之釙-210與鉛-210活性分佈………………………32
4-3.1 有機質及含水率的變化………………………………32
4-3.2 釙-210之活性分佈……………………………………35
4-3.3 鉛-210活性分佈與沈積速率…………………………40
4-3.4 鉛-210與釙-210之活性不平衡關係…………………42
4-4 水樣中溶解態及顆粒態之釙-210與鉛-210活性分佈…47
4-4.1 溫度與鹽度剖面………………………………………47
4-4.2 懸浮顆粒濃度(TSM) …………………………………50
4-4.3 釙-210之活性分佈……………………………………50
4-4.4 鉛-210之活性分佈……………………………………57
4-4.5 水柱中鉛-210與釙-210的不平衡關係………………57
4-4.6 分佈係數 Kd 與 F……………………………………61
4-5 綜合討論…………………………………………………65
五、結論………………………………………………………67
參考文獻………………………………………………………69
　中文部分……………………………………………………69
英文部分……………………………………………………70

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