本研究是以海軍艦艇為研究主體，來探討在此一環境背景中導入知識管理可行方法與策略。藉由對我國海軍某特定現有艦艇，以個案研究方式深入瞭解其平日運作所需的知識內容及現有的知識管理方式，以初步瞭解當今我國海軍艦艇從事知識管理所面臨的問題與困難，並針對專家進行深入訪談，根據訪談的結果並參酌國內外相關的文獻與作法，以歸納並建議出未來可行的知識管理方式與策略，以期為未來海軍艦艇之專業知識經驗的保存、累積、傳承、與創新，提供可以依循的運作架構。希望能透過架構的提出，策略與方法的擬定，能建立一套完整的知識管理的體系，以使得海軍艦艇的新一代兵力能夠發揮最大的戰力。
本論文除了第一章緒論之外，尚包含以下幾個章節，以下就其內容大綱作簡要的說明：

第二章：文獻探討。主要針對與本論文主題有關的過去研究成果，作一廣泛且深入的探討。本章共分成三節，第一節為『組織知識相關理論』，主要探討知識的定義、知識之類型及知識創新，並且針對組織的專業智慧與智慧資本，作一深入的探討。第二節為『學習相關理論』，主要針對組織學習理論，以及個人學習與組織學習之間的關係，作深入的探討。第三節則是『組織知識管理的議題』，主要是針對知識管理的定義、策略、組織內知識管理的新角色進行討論，另外，企業的知識貯存所也包含在探討的內容中。
第三章：研究架構與方法。在第一節『研究架構』中，本章首先將知識管理分成四個觀察的項目，包括知識流通、創造、蓄積與擴散，再依據其操作性定義，提出本研究之研究架構。而在第二節『研究方法』中，我們將說明本研究在方法上屬於何種研究方法以及研


究進行的步驟。最後，第三節與第四節將分別介紹本研究之資料
蒐集程序、研究對象及範圍。
第四章：個案分析與討論。本章第一節為『個案組織背景介紹』，主要就研究對象的組織發展演進歷史、環境背景、與其它組織之隸屬關係，作一初步的說明。第二節為『艦艇實施知識管理之動機與目的』，此一部份將說明海軍艦艇部隊推動知識管理的主要動機與目的。至於第三節則是『知識種類與來源』，此節將透過人員編制、職掌的說明，以導出研究對象在執行任務時所需之知識種類與來源。而第四節則是『知識管理機制與實務』，此節將以艦上人員與艦上任務為分析切入點，來探討艦艇部隊現行的知識管理實務。
第五章：知識管理的導入。本章的目的在於針對艦艇導入知識管理，提出可行的方案。目前企業組織常用的知識管理工具包括：資訊科技、電子化、知識診斷問卷、知識策略地圖、知識流程圖、專家分布圖、知識庫設計要訣、知識入口網站設計、知識社群經營要訣、學習性組織等。在眾多的知識管理解決方案中，本章將分為四方面論述艦艇如何導入知識管理：第一是組織內新角色的建置，第二是艦艇知識管理的發展策略，第三是艦艇從事知識管理時，資訊技術可以提供的支援與應用型態，第四則是本論文所提出的知識管理導入策略架構。
第六章：結論與建議。本章的第一節將對本研究作一總結，而第二節中，將對於本研究之進行所遭遇到的困難與限制作一說明，最後，依據上述的結論與限制，本研究將針對未來的研究發展方向，提出可行的建議。

This essay is focused on naval vessels as its main research aspect. It tries to find out in that area possible methods and strategies of applying knowledge management by probing into certain naval vessels for thorough comprehension of the knowledge content and ongoing ways of knowledge management needed for daily operations of each ship as a single case. In addition to the information obtained from ROC navy vessels concerning the problems and difficulties they are encountering when dealing with knowledge management, opinions consulted from experts and relative publications are combined to give suggestions of applicable knowledge management modes and strategies for the future.
It is our expectation that through this research a reliable operation framework can be set up so as to keep, accumulate, transfer, and even create professional knowledge for our navy. It is our hope that the framework together with the modes and strategies will help to build up an intact system for knowledge management so as to render the utmost combat capability to our second-generation naval forces.
Chapter 1 of this essay is the introduction. The content of the other chapters are briefly described as follows:
Chapter 2. Essay study
This chapter puts the emphasis on past study achievements concerning the objection of this essay. 3 sections are included. Section 1 is “organization knowledge relative theories.” It includes the definition of knowledge, types of knowledge, knowledge innovation, organizational professional intellect and intellect capital. Section 2 is “learning relative theories.” It includes organizational learning theories and the relation between personal learning and organizational learning. Section 3 is “discussion of organization knowledge management.” It includes the discussion on definition and strategies of knowledge management, new roles of knowledge management in an organization, and, furthermore, the location to store up knowledge in an enterprise.
Chapter 3. Research framework and methods
In the first section “research framework”, knowledge management is
divided into 4 observation items such as knowledge transfer, creation, accumulation, and expansion. The research framework is then set up in accordance to the operational definition. In the second section “research methods”, research methods and procedure of this essay will be described. In section 3 and 4, information gathering process, research targets and category will be introduced.
Chapter 4 Target case analysis and discussion
Section 1 is ”organization background introduction of target case” which describes the developing history of research target organization, its background, and its subordinate relations with other organizations. Section 2 is “motive and objective of knowledge management aboard naval ships” which describes the main purpose and reason naval ships apply knowledge management for. Section 3 is “types and sources of knowledge” which reveals the types and sources of knowledge needed for carrying out tasks on ships by understanding their personnel arrangement and duties. Section 4 is “ function and practical operation of knowledge management” which probes into the present practical operation of knowledge management by analyzing the personnel and tasks on ships.
Chapter 5 Recommendation of knowledge management
This chapter is to suggest applicable program of recommending knowledge management onto ships. Present knowledge management tools often used by enterprise organizations consist of as follows: information technology, computerization, questionnaire of knowledge diagnosis, knowledge strategy map, knowledge process chart, expert location chart, essentials of designing knowledge bank, knowledge entrance website design, essentials of knowledge society management, organizations for learning etc. Among the many solving programs of knowledge management, this chapter will discuss how to recommend knowledge management onto ships through the following 4 aspects:
1. Assigning new roles in organization
2. Strategy of developing knowledge management on ships
3. Support and practical patterns which information technology can provide
4. Strategy framework of recommending knowledge management
Chapter 6 conclusion and suggestions
Section 1 is the conclusion. Section 2 describes the difficulties and limitations this research has encountered. Finally, applicable suggestions for further developing are proposed according to the difficulties and limitations mentioned above.

目　　　　　　錄
第一章、 緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．1
第一節 研究動機與背景．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
第二節 研究目的．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3
第三節 研究方法與發展流程．．．．．．．．．．．5
第四節 論文結構與內容．．．．．．．．．．．．．7
第二章、 文獻探討．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．9
第一節 組織知識相關理論．．．．．．．．．．．．9
第二節 學習相關理論．．．．．．．．．．．．．23
第三節 組織知識管理的議題．．．．．．．．．．．31
第三章、 研究架構與方法．．．．．．．．．． ．．44
第一節 研究架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．44
第二節 研究方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．47
第三節 資料蒐集方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．51
第四節 研究對象與範圍．．．．．．．．．．．．54
第四章、 個案分析與討論．．．．．．．．．． ．．56
第一節 個案組織背景介紹．．．．．．．．．．．56
第二節 艦艇實施知識管理之動機與目的．．．．．60
第三節 知識種類與來源．．．．．．．．．．．．64
第四節 知識管理機制與實務．．．．．．．．．．67
第五章、 知識管理的導入．．．．．．．．．． ．．77
第一節 組織內的新角色．．．．．．．．．．．．77
第二節 艦艇知識管理的發展策略．．．．．．．．81
第三節 艦艇知識管理與資訊科技．．．．．．．．88
第四節 艦艇知識管理之導入架構．．．．．．．．96
第六章、 結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．100
第一節 結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．100
第二節 研究限制與困難．．．．．．．．．．．．103
第三節 未來發展方向．．．．．．．．．．．．．104
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．105

圖 2-1 資料、資訊與知識的差別．．．．．．．．．．11
圖2-2 知識總匯的成長圖．．．．．．．．．．．．．12
圖 2-3 Hedlund之知識創新模式．．．．．．．．．．17
圖 2-4 完整的學習循環．．．．．．．．．．．．．．29
圖 2-5 Cowan新組織學習觀念圖．．．．．．．．．．30
圖 2-6 知識管理策略形成的過程．．．．．．．．．．38
圖3-1 研究架構：艦隊知識之分類．．．．．．．．．44
圖 3-2 IBM 之知識管理模式．．．．．．．．．．．．45
圖 3-3 研究架構：知識管理之觀察項目．．．．．．．46
圖 4-1 單一部門內知識傳遞模式．．．．．．．．．．74
圖 4-2 跨部門任務之知識傳遞模式．．．．．．．．．75
圖 5-1 知識地圖模式．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．82
圖 5-2 艦艇活動的知識地圖．．．．．．．．．．．．84
圖 5-3 知識工作者的知識入口．．．．．．．．．．．89
圖 5-4 艦長的知識入口示意圖．．．．．．．．．．．91
圖 5-5 知識管理系統的功能與發展時程．．．．．．．93
圖 5-6加入新角色後的艦艇組織架構圖．．．．．．．96
圖 5-7 艦艇部隊知識管理導入策略之架構圖．．．．．97
表 2-1 學者對知識定義之彙整．．．．．．．．．．．13
表 2-2 學者對知識類型之彙整．．．．．．．．．．．17
表 2-3 四種知識創新模式的內涵．．．．．．．．．．19
表 2-4 組織學習相關理論彙整．．．．．．．．．．．26
表 2-5 知識市場的三個角色．．．．．．．．．．．．34
表 2-6 知識管理的策略類型．．．．．．．．．．．．36
表 2-7 知識管理策略與學派的分類架構．．．．．．．39
表 2-8 知識管理員工的工作任務．．．．．．．．．．40
表 3-1 知識管理的四個觀察項目．．．．．．．．．．45
表 3-2 知識管理項目之操作性定義．．．．．．．．．46
表3-3 個案訪問過程總整理．．．．．．．．．．．．54
表 5-1 知識管理員工的工作任務．．．．．．．．．．78
表 5-2 知識管理系統 (KMS) 實作之行動建議．．．．．94

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