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論文名稱 Title |
虱目魚、大鱗 Study on the oxygen tolerance of milkfish (Chanos chanos), mullet (Liza macrolepis) and Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
63 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2003-06-19 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2003-07-19 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
愛河、半致死時間、大鱗、吳郭魚、低溶氧、半致死濃度、虱目魚 LT50, Liza macrolepis, Oreochromis mossambicus, 48h LC50, low DO, Chanos chanos, Love River |
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統計 Statistics |
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中文摘要 |
探討魚類因水中溶氧不足而死亡的現象為進行河川魚類復育不可或缺的關鍵因子,因此本研究即針對台灣河川整治首例的愛河中常見的三種魚類進行低溶氧致死研究,以做為河川水質改善及魚類生態復育管理之基礎。 本研究於2002年1月至2003年4月間,選擇大鱗 |
Abstract |
Dissolved oxygen (DO) level is a critical factor for the survival of fishes and sustainable management of an aquatic ecosystem. This study aims to investigate the lethal thresholds of three major fish species in the Love River, Kaohsiung, S. W. Taiwan, in an attempt to provide ecological points of view for the further improvement of the river-water quality, as well as for the restoration of its fish community. Laboratory tolerance experiments of fish fries, including mullet (Liza macrolepis), milkfish (Chanos chanos) and tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), exposed to low levels of dissolved oxygen were conducted in the period of January 2002 to April 2003. At water temperature of 23℃, median lethal times (LT50) and 48 hours median lethal concentrations (48h LC50) at the salinity of 10‰, 20‰ and 30‰ were determined, respectively. We also carried out a lethal DO experiment to mullet fry in a sudden drop of salinity from 30‰ to 20‰, which is always the case when the sewage gate of the Love River interception system is opened to avoid flooding after heavy rainfall. Under the condition of 20‰ salinity, the tolerance of low dissolved oxygen for the three species of fish fries were significantly different. Among them, milkfish was found to be the most sensitive species, followed by mullet, whereas tilapia was the most tolerant species. The 48h LC50s of milkfish, mullet and tilapia were 15.7, 8.6 and 7.8% air saturation, respectively, which were 1.16, 0.63 and 0.57 mg/l at 23℃. Similarly, the LT50s also showed species-specific differences. At DO level of 0.52 mg/l, the LT50s were 77.9 minutes for milkfish, 245.7 minutes for mullet and over 1000 minutes for tilapia. The changing of salinity affecting the tolerance of low dissolved oxygen in fish fries was species depending. The DO lethal concentrations of mullet fry increased with the decrease of salinity, but not the case for milkfish fries. The 48h LC50 of mullet fries in 30‰ saline water was 11.5% air saturation (0.8 mg/l), which was higher than those in 10‰ and 20‰ saline water. However, no significant difference in 48h LC50 was found between milkfish kept in 10‰ and 20‰ saline water. The 48h LC50 for the former was 14.9% air saturation while the latter was 15.7%. Both are equivalent to 1.16 mg/l at water temperature of 23℃. A rapid change of salinity reduced the low Do tolerance of fish fry. When mullet fry were introduced to 20‰ saline water from acclimated salinity of 30‰, its 48h LC50 raised significantly (13.9% air saturation; 1.02 mg/l). Under the DO concentration of 0.52 mg/l, the LT50 also dropped to 7.6 minute. It means that the opening of sewage interception gate largely challenges the survival fish fry. Based on the results of current study, the DO level of Love River is suggested to be maintained beyond 2.19 mg/l (28 % air saturation, 48h LC50 of milkfish at 10‰ salinity and 23℃ water temperature), in order to achieve a sustainable environment for the present fish community. In case of that DO occasionally fall to the above level, it is strongly recommended that a manual aeration system should be operated within 100 minutes. |
目次 Table of Contents |
中文摘要---------------------------------------------------------I 英文摘要-------------------------------------------------------III 目錄-------------------------------------------------------------V 圖目錄---------------------------------------------------------VII 表目錄----------------------------------------------------------IX 附錄目錄--------------------------------------------------------XI 謝辭-----------------------------------------------------------XII 壹、前言-------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.1 緣起-------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.2 魚種之選定與溶氧耐受性試驗---------------------------------- 3 1.3 研究目的---------------------------------------------------- 4 貳、材料與方法-------------------------------------------------- 6 2.1 試驗生物的採集---------------------------------------------- 6 2.2 試驗生物的馴養---------------------------------------------- 6 2.3 低溶氧先前試驗與溶氧的控制---------------------------------- 6 2.4 低溶氧致死試驗---------------------------------------------- 7 2.4.1 實驗設計-------------------------------------------------- 7 2.4.2 實驗條件-------------------------------------------------- 8 2.4.3 實驗步驟-------------------------------------------------- 8 2.4.4 水質監測-------------------------------------------------- 8 2.5 資料分析---------------------------------------------------- 8 參、結果------------------------------------------------------- 10 3.1 實驗用稚魚之基本生物資料----------------------------------- 10 3.2 溶氧的控制------------------------------------------------- 10 3.3 鹽度20 ‰ 下不同魚種之低溶氧致死實驗------------------------ 10 3.4 不同鹽度下之低溶氧致死實驗--------------------------------- 11 3.4.1 大鱗 |
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