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博碩士論文 etd-0719105-112030 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0719105-112030
論文名稱
Title
制度共和主義:自由主義之外的扥克維爾
Institutional Republicanism:Alexis de Tocqueville beyond Liberalism
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
90
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2005-07-06
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2005-07-19
關鍵字
Keywords
宗教、托克維爾、制度、共和主義、民主政治、政治自由
religion, Alexis de Tocqueville, political liberty, republicanism, democracy, institution
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
中文提要

十八世紀無疑是人類歷史上驚心動魄的一個年代,先是美國獨立運動造就了世界上第一個新興民主國家,而後法國大革命所產生的巨大政治效應更是遍及歐洲,不僅撼動封建體制的大廈,同時揭示民主時代的到來;托克維爾身處歷史劇變之際,對於民主此一沛然莫之能禦的洪流有著深刻的體察與省思。自由的概念在托克維爾的理論體系中佔居極重要的位置,當民主浪潮衝破封建貴族的老舊體制卻同時導致人民趨於同化甚至庸俗化時,為避免再度面臨被宰制與奴役的命運,托克維爾主張公民必須更積極地實踐自由,培養參與公共事務的習性與精神。因此,美國傳統中的「鄉鎮制度」(township)與陪審團機制,以及私人通過行會途徑組織次級公民團體等活動皆為托克維爾賦予甚高的民主意涵;由此看來,托克維爾對於自由所抱持的高度期盼與契約論傳統自由主義所主張的「個人享有免於被干涉的自由」之間實存在根本性的差異,而與共和主義推崇公民「行動性」(agency)之傳統理念相互契合;但是,這樣的自由內涵並非意味著毫無章法的衝撞,而是在穩健的政治制度之架構下,進行理性與節制的公民政治參與,如此則又與新羅馬共和傳統重視制度(institution)的精神相互呼應。結合前述兩個面向,我們稱之為「制度共和主義」式(institutional republicanism)的自由概念。本文即試圖體現托克維爾的理論內涵中所延續的共和主義價值,期望對其思想定位進行更寬廣的闡釋。
Abstract
Abstract

The eighteenth century is doubtlessly an astonishing chapter in human history. Following America’s independence that brought the first new democratic country to the world, the French Revolution further aroused tremendous political effects all over Europe, shocked the foundation of feudalism, and announced the advent of democratic era. Confronted with all these historical impacts, Tocqueville has achieved profound understanding and retrospection on the inevitable prevalence of democracy. The concept of liberty plays a very important role in Tocqueville’s theory. As the wave of democracy crashed outmoded institution of feudalism, it also caused people to grow assimilated, or even philistine. In light of this, Tocqueville proposed that, in order to preclude domination and slavery, people should more actively grasp their liberty and develop the habitude and spirit of participating public affairs. Therefore, township and jury system in American tradition, as well as individual activities of organizing secondary civil groups through gilds, are highly regarded by Tocqueville with democratic connotation. From this viewpoint, Tocqueville’s great expectation on liberty is essentially different from “human’s liberty from interference” of contractarian liberalism but is in harmony with the conventional idea of people’s “agency” in republicanism. This connotation of liberty, however, doesn’t imply clashes without limit but suggests reasonable and restrained political participation within the schema of stable political institution. Thus, the concept echoes the conventional appreciation upon institution in roman republicanism. The researcher regards the integration of the aforementioned two aspects as “liberty of institutional republicanism”. This research intends to embody the republicanism value in Tocqueville’s theory with an expectation to broaden the definition of his thought.
目次 Table of Contents
目次

一、托克維爾的共和主義面貌 1

象牙塔外的哲學家
參考文獻 References
參考文獻

托克維爾著作

1985 Selected Letters on Politics and Society. Edited by Roger Boesche, translated by
James Toupin and Roger Boesche. Berkeley: University of California Press.
2000 Democracy in America. Translated by George Lawrence, edited by J. P. Mayer.
NY: HaperCollins.
1994《舊制度與大革命》,馮棠譯,香港:牛津大學出版社。
1994〈1789年前後法國社會政治狀況〉,收錄於前書附錄。
1997《舊制度與大革命》,馮棠譯,北京:商務印書館。
1997《論美國的民主》,董果良譯,北京:商務印書館。
2000《民主在美國》,秦修明等譯,台北:貓頭鷹出版社。
2004《托克維爾回憶錄》,董果良譯,北京:商務印書館。


其他參考文獻

一、英文文獻
Allen, A. L. & Regan, M. C. eds.
1998 Debating Democracy’s Discontent: Essays on American Politics, Law, and Public Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Alulis, Joseph
1992 “The People and the Great: Tocqueville and Machiavelli on the Art of Being Free” in Liberty, equality, democracy, eds. by Eduardo Nolla, NY: New York University Press, pp.37-54.
Berlin, Isaiah
1969 Four Essays on Liberty. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Boesche, Roger
1996 Theories of Tyranny from Plato to Arendt. The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Commager, Henry
1993 Commager on Tocqueville. Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press.
Drolet, Michael
2003 Tocqueville, Democracy and Social Reform. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mayer, J. P.
1966 Alexis de Tocqueville: A Biographical Study in Political Science. Gloucester, Mass: Peter Smith.
MacIntyre A.
1984 After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory. London: Duckworth.
Muhall, S.& Swift, A.
1992 Liberals and communitarians. Oxford: Blackwell.
Kahan, Alan S.
1992 Aristocratic Liberalism: The social and Political Thought of Jacob Burckhardt, John Stuart Mill, and Alexis de Tocqueville. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kelly, George A.
1992 The human comedy: Constant, Tocqueville, and French Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lambert, Jean-Claude
1989 Tocqueville and the two democracies. Translated by Arthur Goldh-ammer. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Laski, Harold J.
1967 “Alexis de Tocqueville and Democracy” in The Social & Political Ideas of Some Representative Thinkers of the Victorian Age. Edited by F. J.C. Hearnshaw. NY: Barnes & Noble.
Mitchell, Joshua
1995 The Fragility of Freedom. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Mouffe, Chantal
1993 The Return of the Political. London:Verso.
Pettit, Philip
1997 Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1998 “Reworking Sandel’s Republicanism” in Debating Democracy’s Discontent: Essays on American Politics, Law, and Public Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp.40-59.
Schleifer, James
1992 “ How Many Democarcies ? ” in Liberty, equality, democracy. edited by Eduardo Nolla, NY: New York University Press, pp.193-206.
Skinner, Quentin
1998 Liberty before Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2002 Visions of Politics. Volume2: Renaissance Virtues. Cambridge:Ca-mbridge University Press.
Welch, Cheryl
2001 DE TOCQUEVILLE. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wolin, Sheldon S.
2001 Tocqueville between two worlds: the making of a political and theoretical life. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Zetterbaum, Marvin
1967 Tocqueville and the Problem of Democracy. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Zuckert, Catherine
1992 “The Role of Religion in Preserving American Liberty-Tocqueville’s Analysis 150 Years Later” in Liberty, equality, democracy. edited by Eduardo Nolla, NY: New York University Press, pp.21-36.


二、中文文獻
Becker, Carl
2002《十八世紀哲學家的天城》,何照武譯,台北:左岸文化。
Constant, Bejamin
2003《古代人的自由與現代人的自由—康士坦政治論文選》,閻克文等譯,上海:人民出版社。
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2004〈共和主義的政治理論〉,載於《知識份子論叢第二輯:共和、社群與公民》,許紀霖主編,南京:江蘇人民出版社,頁84-110。
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2001《現代性之隱憂》,程煉譯,北京:中央編譯出版社。
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曾國祥
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2004a〈制度共和主義:托克維自由觀之重塑〉,發表於東吳大學政治系主辦「政治哲學研究生論文發表會」,5月29日。
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2003〈基進民主理論的政治思辯〉,發表於中研院社科所主辦「人民主權與憲政學術研討會」,12月17-18日。
錢永祥
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蕭高彥
1998〈多元文化與承認政治論〉,蕭高彥、蘇文流主編,《多元主義》,台北:中研院社科所,頁487-509。
2002a〈共和主義與現代政治〉,江宜樺主編,《政治與社會哲學評論》創刊號,台北:巨流,頁85-116。
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