十九世紀西方音樂在浪漫主義思潮的推動下，作曲家在創作中傾向自我意識的探求，並紛紛跳脫傳統曲式的束縛，「性格變奏」成為此時期最具特色的變奏手法。在《交響練習曲》中，舒曼將變奏的想法放進其練習曲中，根據一個主題，利用性格變奏的方式加以發展，使每段變奏皆兼具不同的練習技巧，並充滿創意與幻想力，呈現出作曲家的獨特風格。
此外，為了呈現出曲題中的「交響」特性，曲中多使用對位織度，以厚重的和絃營造出有如管絃樂團般多彩豐富的層次效果。整體而言，此曲不管是從主題的和聲織度、調性的轉換，及音色的變化上，都可以窺見舒曼慣用的創作手法與成熟的變奏技巧。因而此曲不僅充滿舒曼本身獨特的音樂語言特質，更將浪漫派練習曲的藝術價值發展至高峰。
本文除了前言與結論外，共分為三個章節。第一章針對樂曲的創作背景為主，特別對於曲中「變奏曲」與「練習曲」的結合上作詳細的探討。第二章則深入探討在作品中所使用的創作手法，包含節奏、和聲、旋律織度與音響效果四方面作分析整理。最後在第三章中，則針對變奏特色，及特殊鋼琴技巧作出一系列的整理與歸納。

In 19th century, the western music was propelled by the romanticism. Composers leaned toward the seeking of self-consciousness, and left away from the constraints of the traditional music form. Therefore, the “character variation” became the most distinguished method of variations in this period. In the Symphonic Etudes, Schumann put the idea of variations into his etudes. Based on one subject, he developed it by using the technique of character variation to make each variation not only shows virtuoso practicing, but also keeps it full of creativity and imagination, in which showed his unique composing style.
On the other hand, in order to show the “symphony” character, lots of counterpoint textures were applied in op. 13, along with the application of massive chords in order to create the colorful gradation effect just like an orchestra. Therefore, in Symphonic Etudes op. 13, no matter you are looking at it from its harmonic texture of subject, switch of tonality, and the tone color change, one can see that Schumann used his unique composition writing and the mature techniques of variation. Therefore op. 13 is not only filled with Schumann’s personal music language, but also the artistic value of the romantic etude.
This thesis is divided into three chapters in addition to the preface and the conclusion. Chapter one is to focus on the background of op. 13, in which the combination of “Variation”, and “Etude” is explained in detail. Chapter two is to thoroughly investigate the composition method in op. 13, in which divided into four sections for analysis, including rhythm, harmony, melody texture, and orchestral effects. The final chapter is to make a summary based on the variation characters, and the special piano techniques.

前言------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1


第一章 創作背景
第一節 舒曼的音樂風格與特色----------------------------------------------------- 3
第二節 《交響練習曲》之創作背景與出版過程-------------------------------- 8
第三節 變奏曲與練習曲之結合----------------------------------------------------14



第二章 《交響練習曲》之創作手法
第一節 節奏------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
第二節 和聲------------------------------------------------------------------------------29
第三節 旋律------------------------------------------------------------------------------33
第四節 音響色彩------------------------------------------------------------------------37



第三章 《交響練習曲》之作品特色
第一節 作品十三中的音樂傳承----------------------------------------------------41
第二節 變奏特色探討-----------------------------------------------------------------49
第三節 特殊技巧探討-----------------------------------------------------------------61


結語-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------68

參考書目-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------70

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