Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0719113-131916 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0719113-131916
論文名稱
Title
論資助小額集資的動機──以台灣為例
Motivations for Contributions to Crowdfunding in Taiwan
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
85
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2013-07-24
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2013-08-19
關鍵字
Keywords
社交網絡、資助、小額集資、內在與外在動機、臺灣
Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation, Social Network, Crowdfunding, Taiwan, Contributions
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5739 次,被下載 1115
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5739 times, has been downloaded 1115 times.
中文摘要
近年來、小額集資已經成為臺灣創業家取得資本的一種方式。臺灣線上小額集資的平台也愈來愈茁壯。本研究著眼於臺灣小額集資的資助者參與資助創業計劃的動機。由內在與外在動機的角度,分析臺灣小額集資的資助者的資助動機類型和社交網絡的關係。希望藉此提升小額集資平台的經營者及參與小額集資的創業家對資助者決策過程的暸解。
Abstract
The development of crowdfunding as an option for entrepreneurs to obtain start up capital has reached Taiwan. In recent years, crowdfunding platforms have established an online presence, primarily through Taiwanese endeavors. This paper looks at the motivations behind crowdfunder participation via contributions to projects. From the perspective of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, this paper analyzes the Taiwanese crowdfunder in relation to contribution class and social network. As such, it hopes to provide insight into the crowdfunder decision process. This research defines contribution class, from the perspective of Miller and Sullivan, as crowdfunders attributing the desire to participate on financial, hedonistic, or altruistic motivation; as well as on/off line social networks. An online questionnaire was distributed to active crowdfunders in Taiwan or from other geographical locations. Analysis of the data implies that Taiwanese crowdfunders identify primarily with hedonistic motivations, expecting at least a product or service in lieu of participation. Furthermore there is a strong bond to promote domestic projects, as the most influencial aspect of the social network was the country of origin of a project.
目次 Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 3
2.1 Crowdsourcing 3
2.1.1 Definition and Development 3
2.1.2 Examples of Crowdsourcing 6
2.1.3 What Crowdsourcing is not 9
2.2 CROWD-FUNDING 12
2.2.1 Capital Acquisition 17
2.2.2 Pre-production marketing 21
2.2.3 Access to the Crowd 25
2.2.4 Crowdfunding in Taiwan 29
3 METHODOLOGY 32
3.1 METHODS 37
3.2 LANGUAGE AND PILOT STUDY 40
4 DATA ANALYSIS 41
4.1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS 42
4.1.1 Demographics 42
4.1.2 Motivations 44
4.1.3 Social Networks 47
4.2 BIVARIATE ANALYSIS 50
4.2.1 Motivation 50
4.2.2 Social Networks 51
4.2.3 Motivations and Social Networks 52
4.3 INDEPENDENT SAMPLES T-TEST 54
5 CONCLUSION 57
5.1 CONCLUSION 57
5.2 SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 57

REFERENCES 61
APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE (ENGLISH AND MANDARIN) 64 APPENDIX 2: RESPONDENT DATA 66
參考文獻 References
Bhide, A. and Stevenson H. (1999) `Attracting Stakeholders,`The EntrepreneurialVenture,
2nd edition, W. Sahlman and H. Stevenson, eds. Boston: Harvard Business School
Publications.

Bonaccorsi, A. and Rossi, C. (2004) Altruistic Individuals, Selfish Firms? The Structure of Motivation in Open Source Software. First Monday, 9 (1-5).

Brace, Ian. (2004). Questionnaire Design: How to Plan, Structure and Write Questionnaire Material for Effective Market Research. Kogan

Brabham, D.C. (2008) “Crowdsourcing as a Model for Problem Solving: An Introduction and Cases,“ The International
Journal of Research into New Media Technologies (14:1), p. 75-90.

Bryman, A. (2008). Social Research Methods 3rd ed. Oxford University Press.

Carman, K.G. (2003) Social Influences and the Private Provision of Public Goods: Evidence from Charitable Contributions in the Workplace. Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research

Chesbrough, H.W. (2003) `Open innovation. The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology.` Harvard Business School Press, Boston, Mass

Dana, J.D. (1998) `Advance Purchase Discounts and Price Discrimination in Competitive Markets` Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 106, No. 2, pp. 395-422.

DiNucci, Darcy (1999). "Fragmented Future" (pdf). Print 53 (4): 32.

Hars, A. and Ou, S. (2002) `Working for Free? Motivations for Participating in Open Source Projects`, International Journal of Elctronic Commerce 6: 25-39.

Harrison, R.T. and Mason, C.M. (1992) `International Perspectives on the Supply of Informal Venture Capital`, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 459-475.

Hertel, G., NIedner, S. and Hermann, S. (2003) `Motivation of Software Developers in the Open Source Projects: An Internet-Based Survey of Contributors to the Linux Kernel`, Research Policy 32(7): 1159-77.

Holbrook, M. B. (1986) `Aims, Concepts, and Methods for the Representation of Individual Differences in Esthetic Responses to Design Features`, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 13 (December), pp. 337-347.

Ibrahim, D.M. (2008), `The (Not So) Puzzling Behaviour of Angel Investors`, Vanderbilt Law Review, Vol. 61, No. 5, pp. 1405-1452.

Kim, J., Natter, M. and Spann, M. (2009) `Pay What You Want: A New Participative Pricing Mechanism`. Journal of Marketing: Vol. 73, No. 1, pp. 44-58.

Kappel, T. (2009) `Ex Ante Crowdfunding and the Recording Industry: A Model for the U.S.?` Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review 29 (3), 375-385.

Kleeman, F., Voss, G., and Rieder, K. (2008) `Un(der)paid Innovators: The Commercial Utilization of Consumer Work through Crowdsourcing`. Science, Technology and Innovation Studies. Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 5-26.

Lambert, T., and Schwienbacher, A. (2010) An empirical analysis of crowdfunding. Louvain–la–Neuve: Louvain School of Management, Catholic University of Louvain. Retrieved from: SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1578175

Lakhani, K.R. and Wolf, R.G. (2003) `Why Hackers Do What They Do: Understanding Motivation and Effort in Free/Open Source Software Projects`. Working paper series. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=443040

Lakhani, K.R., Jeppsen, L.B., Lohse, P.A. and Panetta , J.A. (2007) `The Value of Opennes in Scientific Problem Solving` (Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 07-050)

Lawton, K. and Marom, D. (2010) `The crowdfunding revolution: social networking meets venture financing`. thecrowdfundingrevolution.com

Leimeister, J.M., Huber, M. Bretschneider, U. and Krcmar, H. (2009) `Leveraging Crowdsourcing: Activation-Supporting Components for IT-Based Ideas Competition`. Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 197–224.

LePage, D., Eggli, M., Perry, S. (2010) `The Canadian Social Enterprise Guide`. Enterprising Non-Profits. Vancouver, BC Canada

Martin, N., S. Lessmann and S. Voß (2008), Crowdsourcing: Systematisierung praktischer Ausprägungen und verwandter Konzepte, Proceedings. of the 2008 Multi-Konferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik (MKWI `08).

McClave, J., and Sincich, T. (2009) `Statistics` Pearson Prentice Hall, 11th Edition.

MacMillan, I.; Siegel, R.; and Narasimha, S. (1985) `Criteria used by venture capitalists to evaluate new venture proposals`. Journal of Business Venturing: 1, 119-128

Mason, C.M and Harrison, R.T. (1995), “Closing the regional equity gap: The role of informal venture capital”, Small Business Economics, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp.153-172.

Meuter, M. L. and Bitner, M.J. (1998), `Self-Service Technologies: Extending Service Frameworks and Identifying Issues for Research,` in AMA Winter Educators` Conference, Dhruv Grewal and Connie Pechmann, eds. Chicago: American Marketing Association, 12-19.

Mollick, E. (2013) The Dynamics of Crowdfunding: Determinants of Success and Failure. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2088298d

Muniz, Jr. A.M. and O`Guinn, T.C. (2001) `Brand Community`, Journal of Consumer Research 27(40)

Murdoch, J. (1999). The Microfinance Promise. Journal of Economic Literature 37(4) 1569-1614.

Nanda, R. and Khanna, T. (2010) Diasporas and Domestic Entrepreneurs: Evidence From the Indian Software Industry. Journal of Economic and Management Strategy, 19(4), 991-1012.

Ordanini, A. (2009) “Crowd-funding: customers as investors”, The Wall Street Journal.

Ordanini, A., Miceli, L., Pizzetti, M., and Parasuraman, A. (2011). Crowd-funding: transforming customers into investors through innovative service platforms. Journal of Service Management, 22(4), 443-470.

Ott, B.L. (2004) `(Re)Locating Pleasure in Media Studies: Toward an Erotics of Reading`, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 1(2): 194-212.

Poetz, M and M. Schreier. (2007) `The Value of Crowdsourcing: Can Users Really Compete with Professionals in Generating New .Product Ideas?` Product Innovation Management. 2012. 29 (2): 245-25

Rubinton, B.J. (2011) Crowdfunding: Disintermediated Investment Banking Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1807204 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1807204

Ryan, R. and Deci, E. (2000) Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology 25, 54-67.

San José, A., Roure, J. and Aernoudt, R. (2005), “Business Angel Academies: Unleashing the Potential for Business Angel Investment”, Venture Capital, Vol. 7, No.2, pp.149-165.

Sohl, J. (2013) `The Angel Investor Market in 2012: A Moderating Recovery Continues.` UNH Center for Venture Research. 25 April 2013. http://www.unh.edu/news/releases/2013/apr/lw25cvr.cfm (Accessed: 22 May 2013)25

Stemler, A. (2013) The JOBS Act and crowdfunding: Harnessing the power—and money—of the masses
Business Horizons, Volume 56(3), 271-275.

Sullivan, M.K., and Miller, A. (1996) Segmenting the Informal Venture Capital market: Economic, Hedonistic, and Altruistic Investors. Journal of Business Research 36, 25-35.

Suroweicki, J. (2004) The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the many are smarter than the few and how collective wisdom shapes business, economies, societies, and nations. New York, Doubleday.

Xia , M., Huang, M., Duan, W., Whinston, A. (2011) To Continue Sharing or Not to Continue Sharing? An Empirical Analysis of User Decision in Peer-to-Peer Sharing Networks. Informaiton Systems Research, 23 (1).

Zook, M.A. (2004) “The Knowledge Brokers: Venture Capitalists, Tacit Knowledge and Regional Development”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 621-641.


Online Sources

Agrawal, A., Catalini, C. and Goldfarb, A. (2011) “The Geography of Crowdfunding” NET Institute Working Paper No. 10-08. Retrieved from: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1692661 on 06/03/2011.

Belleflamme, P., Lambert, T. and Schwienbacher, A. (2012) `Crowdfunding: Tapping the Right Crowd` CORE Discussion Paper No. 2011/32. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1578175

Chachere, C., Traylor, C., and Brooks, C. (2013, Junuary 18) `Annual Venture Invesment Dollars Decline for FirstTime in Three Years, According to the Moneytree Report.` National Venture Capital Association. Retrieved on 20 May, 2013 from: http://www.nvca.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=78&Itemid=102

Ghosh, R.A. (1998) `FM Interview with Linus Torvalds: What Motivates Free Software Developers?’ First Monday 3(3), Accessed 10 April 2013: http://www.firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/583/504

Howe, J. (2006f) ‘The Rise of Crowdsourcing’, Wired, 14(6), URL (accessed 12 November 2012): http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.06/crowds.html

Hsieh, C., & Huang, F. (2013) `Online shopping in taiwan averages nt$16,586 per person annually: Poll.` Focus Taiwan News Channel. Retrieved June 12, 2013, from http://focustaiwan.tw/news/aall/201301260019.aspx

Hughes, J. (2013) `The evolution of Crowdsourcing: Open Innovation` Top Coder Blog. Retrieved 22 March 2013 from http://www.topcoder.com/blog/the-evolution-of-crowdsourcing-open-innovation/

Ingram, M. (2011) `What Louis C.K. knows that most media companies don`t` GIGAGOM. http://gigaom.com/2011/12/14/what-louis-ck-knows-that-most-media-companies-dont/ (Accessed 26 May 2013)

International Telecommunications Union (2013) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database: Percentage of individuals using the Internet. Retrieved June 27, 2013, from http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx

Lambert, T., and Schwienbacher, A. (2010) An empirical analysis of crowdfunding. Louvain–la–Neuve: Louvain School of Management, Catholic University of Louvain. Retrieved from: SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1578175

LaPotin, Kate. (2013) `Panera Bread to allow customers to `pay-what-you-want` at some restaurants` Red Alert Politics. Retrieved 15 May 2013 from* http://redalertpolitics.com/2013/03/27/panera-bread-to-allow-customers-to-pay-what-you-want-at-some-restaurants/

Liu, H. Q. (2013) NPOchannel: Corporation, NPO, Consumer Welfare Platform. Business Next Retrieved from http://bnext.com.tw/focus/view/cid/103/id/28082

Parens, B. (n.d.) `The Open Source Definition`, Open Source Initiative, URL (accessed 26 April, 2013) http://opensource.org/osd-annotated

Singapore Entrepreneur, Initials. (2008). New source of money for start-ups: crowdfunding. Retrieved from http://entrepreneur.com.sg/wordpress/?p=236 on 21/04/2011

Spellman, Peter. (2008) `Crowdfunding – Arts Patronage for the Masses` KNOWTHEMUSICBIZ.com, http://www.knowthemusicbiz.com/index.php/BIZ-BLOG/CROWDFUNDINGARTS-PATRONAGE-FOR-THE-MASSESby-Peter-Spellman.html.

Strom, S. and Malcolm G. (2010) `Pay-What-You-Want Has Patrons Perplexed` The New York Times. Retrieved 20 February, 2013 from: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/21/us/21free.html?_r=0 .

Tyrangiel, J. (2007) `Radiohead says: pay what you want` Time Magazine. Retrieved 1 March, 2013 from: http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1666973,00.html

Ward, C., & Ramachandran, V. (2010). Crowdfunding the next hit: Microfunding online experience goods. In Podcast retrieved from http://www. cs. umass. edu/~ wallach/workshops/nips2010css/papers/ward. pdf.

Woods, J. (2013) Crowdfunding in Taiwan – An idea whose time has come. E27: Web Innovation in Asia Retrieved May 15, 2013, from http://e27.co/2013/02/02/crowdfunding-in-taiwan-an-idea-whose-time-has-come/

Xio, Y. (2013) FlyingV: Now, Outlook, and the Next Step in Raising the Masses. [Web log post] Retrieved May 15, 2013, from http://www.inside.com.tw/2013/04/26/flyingv-now-and-the-future-of-crowd-funding
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:校內校外完全公開 unrestricted
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code