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博碩士論文 etd-0721103-195523 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0721103-195523
論文名稱
Title
從群聚論台灣高科技產業與大學的互動
From the Clusters to the Interaction between High-Technology Industries and Universities
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
124
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2003-07-03
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2003-07-21
關鍵字
Keywords
專利管理、技術移轉、產學合作、科學園區、群聚、知識經濟
technology transfer, patent management, industry-university collaboration, knowledge-based economy, scientific park, cluster
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5786 times, has been downloaded 90 times.
中文摘要
知識經濟時代的來臨,使得智價產業–高科技產業的競爭優勢更加依賴人力資本與智力資本。高科技產業為了吸取新知,提升自我創新能力,除了產業自身的研發,運用外來技術的重要性也與日遽增,特別是與學術界進行互動此機制。
高科技產業大量比鄰大學設廠的群聚現象,實為產學互動的最早樣貌(1951年崛起於美國加州的矽谷),而直到1980年美國才開始積極思考擬定並推動各項產學合作與技術移轉的政策方案,我國政府則是到1991年才開始大力推動。良好的產學互動可使雙方進行資源整合,達到雙贏互惠的成效。
研究方法上,本研究藉由文獻資料探討我國與其他先進國家(美、日、德為主)著名的科學園區發展情形與產學合作的運作機制及成效,特別著重產學合作成果的技術移轉、專利管理、法令制度、與國家創新體制等層面,提出國內目前遭遇到的問題與缺失,並做出適當的對策與建議,供國內相關單位建立學習標竿之參考。
Abstract
The coming of knowledge-based economy age leads to the competitive advantage of high-technology industries strongly depend on human capital and intellectual capital. In order to rise the capacity of self-innovation and obtain new technologies, for high-technology industries, in-house research and development is necessary, but acquiring technology from outside, especially from academe, becomes more and more important.
The phenomena of cluster, high-technology industries build factories near by universities, is the beginning of the interaction between industries and universities(1951 Silicon Valley). Until the 1980’s, the United States government didn’t start to draft the policy about promoting industry-university collaboration and technology transfer, and in Taiwan, it started at 1991. Good interaction between industries and universities can arrange the resources and make a win-win situation.
By reviewing the literatures on the development of scientific parks and mechanism of industry-university collaboration of Taiwan and other advanced countries(the United States ,Japan, and German), especially focus on technology transfer, patent management, related laws, national innovation system, etc., I found some problems and defects and have some suggestions that may help.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究背景 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 研究動機 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
1.3 研究方法 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.4 研究流程 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
1.5 研究限制 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

第二章 產業群聚理論及高科技產業與大學間的連結互動機制
2.1 產業群聚
2.1.1 群聚的定義 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
2.1.2 群聚的原因 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
2.1.3 群聚成員間的關係 ------------------------------------------------------------ 8
2.1.4 群聚的優點 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
2.2 地理區位與外溢效果
2.2.1 地理接近的優勢 ----------------------------------------------------------------10
2.2.2 區位與區域容量 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 11
2.2.3 外溢效果 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
2.2.4 網路活動 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
2.3 知識的角色
2.3.1 知識的本質 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
2.3.2 知識的價值 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
2.3.4 知識的流動與商業化 ---------------------------------------------------------- 15
2.4 高科技產業與大學
2.4.1 科技的重要性 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 16
2.4.2 高科技產業的定義 ------------------------------------------------------------ 18
2.4.3 大學與教育對科技進步的意義 --------------------------------------------- 21
2.4.4 大學研究與高科技研發產業間的關係及擴散架構 --------------------- 21
2.4.5 大學衍生公司 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 23
2.5 知識移轉與技術移轉
2.5.1 知識移轉 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23
2.5.2 技術移轉 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25
2.5.3 學習聯盟 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28
2.5.4 大學科技移轉到產業的流程 ------------------------------------------------ 29
2.6 產學合作
2.6.1 產學合作的意義及重要性 -------------------------------------------------- 29
2.6.2 國家創新系統 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 30
2.6.3 促成產學合作的重要因素 -------------------------------------------------- 31
2.6.4 產學合作的動機 -------------------------------------------------------------- 31
2.6.5 產學合作的利益 -------------------------------------------------------------- 32
2.6.6 產學合作的障礙與風險 ----------------------------------------------------- 33
2.6.7 產學合作的績效 -------------------------------------------------------------- 35
2.6.8 產學合作的類型 -------------------------------------------------------------- 35

第三章 國內外高科技產業與大學間的互動個案
3.1 鄰近大學的高科技產業群聚
3.1.1 高科技產業的群聚 ------------------------------------------------------------ 37
3.1.2 各國吸引高科技產業群聚的作法 ------------------------------------------ 38
3.1.3 台灣的高科技產業群聚 – 科學園區 ------------------------------------- 38
3.1.3.1 新竹科學工業園區 ----------------------------------------------------- 39
3.1.3.2 台南科學工業園區 ----------------------------------------------------- 44
3.1.3.3 竹科與南科的比較 ----------------------------------------------------- 46
3.1.4 美國的高科技產業群聚 – 矽谷 ------------------------------------------ 48
3.1.5 其他各國的群聚小個案 ---------------------------------------------------- 52
3.2 台灣的產學合作發展 -------------------------------------------------------------- 53
3.2.1 國科會 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55
3.2.2 中小企業創新育成中心 ------------------------------------------------------ 58
3.2.3 技術移轉組織 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 62
3.3 世界各國產學合作發展
3.3.1 美國產學合作發展 ------------------------------------------------------------ 63
3.3.2 日本產學合作發展 ------------------------------------------------------------ 68
3.3.3 德國產學合作發展 ------------------------------------------------------------ 70
3.3.4 其他國家的產學合作情形、產學合作個案或技術移轉組織之簡介
------------------------------------------------------------ 73

第四章 國內高科技產業與大學互動的缺失與對策
4.1 國家創新系統層面 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 78
4.2 法令政策制度層面 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 80
4.2.1 專利等智慧財產權 ------------------------------------------------------------- 81
4.2.2 法令、規章與政策 ------------------------------------------------------------- 83
4.2.3 教育制度 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85
4.3 技術移轉實作層面
4.3.1 專門的技術移轉機構 ---------------------------------------------------------- 86
4.3.2 技術移轉服務網路(資料庫)----------------------------------------------- 87
4.4 專業人才的培育與管理層面
4.4.1 技術移轉人員 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 89
4.4.2 產學雙方的價值觀 ------------------------------------------------------------- 89
4.4.3 大學主腦人才的能力 --------------------------------------------------------- 90
4.5 合作流程層面
4.5.1 合作時間 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90
4.5.2 辦理流程 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 91
4.6 群聚效益層面 ------------------------------------------------------------------------92

第五章 結論與後續研究
5.1 結論 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96
5.1.1 對政府的建議 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 96
5.1.2 對學術界的建議 --------------------------------------------------------------- 97
5.1.3 對企業界的建議 --------------------------------------------------------------- 98
5.2 後續研究 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99

註解 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100

參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 107

附錄一 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111
附錄二 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 113
附錄三 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 116
附錄四 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117

圖表目錄
圖2-1 產業群聚策略性資源圖 -------------------------------------------------------- 8
圖2-2 台灣科技組織發展體系 --------------------------------------------------------- 19
圖2-3 技術移轉服務機構之結構 ------------------------------------------------------ 28
圖3-1 高科技產業群聚的條件 --------------------------------------------------------- 51
圖3-2 產學合作研究計畫作業流程圖 ------------------------------------------------ 57
圖3-3 育成中心合作內容示意圖 ------------------------------------------------------ 60
表2-1我國的R&D概況 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 18
表2-2各學者、單位對高科技產業的定義 ------------------------------------------- 20
表2-3研究機構與大學技術移轉組織型態與規模 ---------------------------------- 27
表3-1新竹科學園區近十年的營運狀況 ---------------------------------------------- 41
表3-2新竹地區與高科技產業相關的高等教育機構概況 ------------------------- 43
表3-3台南科學園區廠商進駐統計 ---------------------------------------------------- 44
表3-4台南地區與高科技產業相關的高等教育機構概況 ------------------------- 46
表3-5美國對於促進產學合作所通過的各科技法案 ------------------------------- 64
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